脞闪瘀血腰痛。凝滞在内。加桃仁、红花、苏木（各一钱五分）、木香（五分）、麝香（一分
临服下）、酒煎服。
肾虚腰痛。宜补阴丸，加胡桃肉、杜仲、破故纸、人参、天门冬（各一两五钱）、砂仁、五味
（各七钱）、蜜丸服。
腰胯痛。乃湿热流注下焦。加黄柏、苍术、黑丑（各一钱）。
肾着属湿伤下焦。加白术、茯苓、甘草、干姜，去防风、羌活、柴胡。
腰软。乃肾肝伏热。加黄柏、防己（各一钱五分）。
肩背痛。皆因风热乘肺。加 本、蔓荆子、黄芩、山栀（各一钱）。
肩背因寒湿而痛。加干姜、熟附子（各八分）、甘草（五分）。
郁火作痛。加贝母、黄芩、山栀、香附、青皮（各等分），去独活。桑寄生
风寒湿三气所伤。体重腰冷。一身尽痛。如被杖加苍术、白术、茯苓（各一钱二分）、干姜、
甘草（各五分）。
气血不和。身体痛。加术香（七分）、紫荆皮、五加皮（各一钱）。
湿流关节。一身尽痛加五苓散（一半）。
湿痰流注经络。一身骨节痛。加南星、半夏（各一钱五分）、姜汁（半盏）、竹沥（一盏）、香附
（一钱五分）。
杨梅疮毒疼痛。自有本条。
伤寒后身体痛。有阳症阴症受湿。治各不同。详伤寒门。
脉 脉多沉滑。或浮紧而数。右寸沉实者。宜泻肺。左尺浮大而虚者。宜滋肾。右寸沉而紧
者。肺中有寒邪。脉滑手足温者生。四肢寒者死。脉数身热者不治。咳嗽脉诀云∶浮为风。
紧为寒。数为热。细为湿。此外因之邪。目外而感者。浮紧虚寒。沉数实热。洪滑多痰。弦
涩少血。此内因之邪。自内而得者。短涩者房劳。右关濡者伤脾。左关弦短伤肝。浮短而涩
伤肺。右寸微急为咳。吐脓血。浮直而濡者易治。喘逆上气。脉数有热不得卧者难治。咳而
弦急欲绝者死。
症 机要云∶喘者。促促气急。喝喝息数。张口抬肩。摇身撷肚。短气者。呼吸虽数而不能
接续。似喘而不摇肩。似呻吟而无痛苦。呼吸虽急而无痰声。逆气者。但气上而奔急。肺壅
而不下。宜详辨之。丹溪云∶喘急者。因气虚火入于肺。为火所郁而然。亦有火炎上者。有
痰者。有阴虚自小腹下起而上逆者。有气虚而致短气者。有水气乘肺者。皆令人喘急。治各
不同。咳嗽经云∶秋伤于湿。冬生咳嗽。机要云∶咳谓无痰而有声。肺气伤而不清也。嗽谓
无声而有痰。脾湿动而为痰也。咳嗽谓有声有痰。因伤肺气。动于脾湿。因咳而嗽也。若伤
风咳者憎寒。壮热。有汗。恶风口干。烦渴而燥。伤寒咳嗽者。HT 寒。发热恶寒。烦躁不渴
。火咳者。因火盛上炎燥肺金。遂成郁满。甚则咳嗽无痰。或吐血痰劳者。由好色肾虚。则
子能令母虚。气血俱虚。阴虚则生火。肺金耗散。而津液气血皆化为痰矣。痰者方碍清气升
降。滞气不行。遂成咳嗽。肺胀者。肺气因火伤极。遂成郁遏。胀满。或左右不得眠者。有
伤暑亦令人嗽。其症烦热引饮口燥。或吐沫，声嘶咯血。伤湿咳者。骨节烦疼。四肢重。着
洒淅寒热。大抵风寒为病。主乎肺。盖肺主皮毛而司于外。伤之则腠理不疏。风寒内郁于肺
。清萧之气不利。而生痰动嗽。又寒入胃。从脾脉上至于肺。则肺寒。肺寒则内外合邪壅而
为咳。学人必求其本而治之。无不效也。
治 丹溪云∶喘嗽须分虚实。急喘者。气实肺盛。呼吸不利。肺窍壅滞。右寸脉沉。实者宜
泻肺。桑白皮葶苈杏仁泻之。或用三拗汤。盖麻黄定喘最妙。甚者加黄芩、石膏。虚喘者肾
虚。先觉呼吸气短。两胁胀满。左尺脉大而无力。宜补肾。用阿胶、人参、五味子、补之。
痰者清痰。火者降火。二陈加芩、连、栝蒌、枳实主之。水气喘者不得卧。卧则喘愈甚。盖
火气上乘于肺。肺得水而浮。气壅滞而不得流通。宜神秘汤。又云∶治嗽最要分肺虚实新久
而治。久嗽肺虚。宜款冬花、紫菀、五味、马兜铃之数补之。若肺实有火邪者。黄芩、麦门冬、
杏仁、桑白皮、泻之。新病风寒。则发散之。麻黄、葱白、杏仁、前胡、金沸草、之类。火
热则清之。芩连、麦门冬、之类。湿热则泻之。半夏、贝
母、苍术、石膏、黄芩、山栀、之类。久病便属虚与郁。气虚则补气。血虚则补血。兼痰则
行痰。兼郁则开郁。滋之。润之。咳之。降之。此治嗽之大法也。
方 清肺饮子治喘治嗽。通用。根据症加减。
黄芩（一钱二分） 麦门冬（一钱二分） 贝母（一钱五分） 陈皮（去白一钱） 白茯苓（一钱）
甘草（三分） 桔梗（八分） 枳壳（七分） 杏仁（去皮尖一钱） 半夏（姜制一钱二分）
上作一服。姜三片。煎。食后服。
肺实而喘。加麻黄、桑白皮（各一钱五分）、石膏（二钱）、甚者。再加葶苈。
肺虚喘。加人参、阿胶、天门冬（各一钱）、五味子（五分），去枳壳、半夏。
食积喘。加山楂、神曲、麦芽（各一钱），去麦冬、杏仁。
痰盛而喘。加栝蒌仁、枳壳、苏子（各一钱）、姜汁、竹沥（各一盏）。
火盛而喘。加石膏（一钱五分）、黄连、栀子（各一钱）、甚者。酒蒸大黄。
水气喘者。加桑白皮、苏子、葶苈子、萝卜子（各一钱）。
肺胀嗽喘。加诃子（一钱五分）、五味（七分）、海蛤、香附、青黛、天花粉（各一钱）。
凡嗽春是春升之气。宜润肺抑肝。加知母（一钱）、五味（七分）、川芎、白芍药（各八分）。
秋是湿热伤肺。宜清热。泻湿。本方去半夏，加桑白皮、天门冬（各一钱）、五味子（七分）、
苍术、防风、山栀（各八分）。
冬是风寒外感。宜解利。加麻黄、桂枝、防风（各一钱）、干姜（八分）、如发热头疼。鼻塞声
重。再加 本、川芎、前胡、柴胡、苏叶（各一钱）。
清晨嗽者。此胃中有食积。至此时火气流入肺中。加栀子、知母、地骨皮、当归（各一钱）、
天门冬（一钱二分）、五味子（五分）。
上半日嗽多者。胃中有火。加石膏、知母（各一钱五分）。
午后嗽多者。属阴虚。加当归、白芍药、熟地黄、黄柏、知母（各一钱）。
黄昏嗽多者。本是火气浮于肺。不宜凉剂。本方去黄芩、半夏，加天门冬、百药煎诃子（
各一钱）、五味（七分）、敛而降之。
嗽而无声有痰。加白术（一钱）、五味（七分）、防风（八分）。
嗽而有声无痰。加防风（八分）、升麻、五味、生姜（各等分）。
嗽而有声有痰。加白术、阿胶（各一钱）、防风（八分）、五味（五分）。
嗽而寒热交作者。加柴胡、知母、地骨皮、挟虚再加人参、当归、白芍药（各一钱），去枳壳、杏仁。
气虚嗽。本方去半夏、杏仁、枳壳，加门君子汤（三钱）、款冬花、天门冬、阿胶（各一钱）、五味（五分）。
血虚嗽。本方去半夏、枳壳，加四物汤（四钱）、紫菀、阿胶、知母（各一钱）。
气血俱虚嗽。本方去半夏、枳壳，加八物汤（五钱）、款冬花、紫菀、阿胶、天门冬（各一钱）、五味（七分）。
冷嗽。右寸脉弦迟。本方去黄芩、麦门冬、杏仁，加干姜、细辛、白芍药、五味（各七分）。
喘嗽遇冬则发。此寒包热也。解表。热自除。加麻黄（一钱五分）、防风、紫苏叶、木通（各一钱）。
嗽而声哑。加天门冬、五味、乌梅（二个）、当归、阿胶（各二钱）。
属寒。加北细辛（五分）、生姜（五片）。
干咳嗽。乃火郁之甚。不得志者多有之。用苦梗、开之。上用本方。加山栀、香附、青皮、
（各等分）、下用补阴降火。不已则成劳。
劳嗽宜补阴清金。属血虚者。本方去半夏、枳壳，加川芎、生地（各一钱）、当归、白芍药、
（各一钱）、知母、天门冬、紫菀、阿胶（各一钱二分）、五味（七分）、玄参（八分）。
劳嗽属气虚者。本方去桔梗、枳壳、半夏，加人参、白术、百合、款冬花、阿胶、薏苡仁、
（各一钱）、黄柏（五分）。
阴虚喘嗽。或吐红者。加当归、白芍药、生地黄、知母、天门冬、紫菀、牡丹皮、地骨皮、
阿胶（各一钱），去半夏、枳壳、酒嗽。加葛根粉、栝蒌仁、黄连（各八分、酒嗽者、因酒多
伤肺也）。
夏月热嗽咽痛。加黄连、荆芥（各八分）。
肺痿。宜补血养肺滋阴。其症右寸脉数。咳而口中有浊唾涎沫者是。本方去半夏、枳壳，加
紫菀、知母、阿胶（各一钱）、五味、人参、当归、天门冬（各八分）、薏苡仁（一钱五分）、先
因咳而有痰者。咳为重。主在肺。麦门冬、黄芩、倍用。
因痰而致咳者。痰为重。主在脾。二陈倍用。
瘀血阻滞导致的腰痛。若瘀血凝滞于体内，加入桃仁、红花、苏木（各一钱五分）、木香（五分）、麝香（一分，服药前冲服），用酒煎煮后服用。
肾虚引起的腰痛。适宜使用补阴丸，并加入胡桃肉、杜仲、破故纸、人参、天门冬（各一两五钱）、砂仁、五味子（各七钱），制成蜜丸服用。
腰胯部疼痛。这是由于湿热流注到下焦所致。加入黄柏、苍术、黑丑（各一钱）。
肾着病属于湿邪损伤下焦。加入白术、茯苓、甘草、干姜，去掉防风、羌活、柴胡。
腰部软弱无力。这是肝肾伏热所致。加入黄柏、防己（各一钱五分）。
肩背部疼痛。皆因风热侵袭肺部所致。加入本方（此处原文缺字，通常指藁本或细辛等，依上下文推测为祛风药，保留原词“本”）、蔓荆子、黄芩、山栀（各一钱）。
肩背因寒湿而疼痛。加入干姜、熟附子（各八分）、甘草（五分）。
郁火引发的疼痛。加入贝母、黄芩、山栀、香附、青皮（各等分），去掉独活。桑寄生。
风寒湿三气共同伤害人体。身体沉重、腰部发冷、全身疼痛，如同被杖击一般。加入苍术、白术、茯苓（各一钱二分）、干姜、甘草（各五分）。
气血不和导致身体疼痛。加入术香（七分）、紫荆皮、五加皮（各一钱）。
湿痰流注经络，导致全身骨节疼痛。加入南星、半夏（各一钱五分）、姜汁（半盏）、竹沥（一盏）、香附（一钱五分）。
杨梅疮毒引起的疼痛，自有专门章节论述。
伤寒后身体疼痛，有阳证和阴证受湿的区别，治疗方法各不相同，详见伤寒门。
脉象：脉象多呈沉滑，或浮紧而数。右寸脉沉实的，适宜泻肺；左尺脉浮大而虚的，适宜滋肾；右寸脉沉而紧的，说明肺中有寒邪。脉滑且手足温暖的预后良好，四肢寒冷的预后不良。脉数且身热的难以治愈。咳嗽脉诀说：浮脉主风，紧脉主寒，数脉主热，细脉主湿，这是外感邪气，从外部侵入所致。浮紧虚寒，沉数实热，洪滑脉多痰，弦涩脉少血，这是内伤邪气，从内部产生所致。短涩脉是房劳过度所致，右关脉濡软是脾脏受损，左关脉弦短是肝脏受损，浮短而涩是肺脏受损。右寸脉微急是咳嗽，吐脓血。脉浮直而濡软的容易治疗。喘逆上气，脉数且有热、不能平卧的难以治疗。咳嗽而脉弦急欲绝的是死证。
症状：《机要》说：喘症，表现为呼吸急促，喘息有声，张口抬肩，摇动身体，收缩腹部。短气症，虽然呼吸次数多但不能接续，像喘但不摇肩，像呻吟但没有痛苦，呼吸虽然急促但没有痰声。逆气症，只是气向上奔涌急促，肺气壅塞而不能下行。应当详细辨别。丹溪说：喘急是因为气虚，火邪进入肺部，被火邪郁遏所致。也有火炎上炎的，有痰的，有阴虚从小腹下起而上逆的，有气虚导致短气的，有水气乘袭肺部的，这些都令人喘急，治疗方法各不相同。《咳嗽经》说：秋季受伤于湿，冬季产生咳嗽。《机要》说：咳是指没有痰而有声音，是肺气受伤而不清利。嗽是指没有声音而有痰，是脾湿动而生痰。咳嗽是指既有声音又有痰，是因为伤了肺气，动了脾湿，因咳而引发嗽。如果是伤风咳嗽，则憎恶寒冷，高热，有汗，恶风，口干，烦躁口渴而燥。伤寒咳嗽者，恶寒，发热恶寒，烦躁不渴。火咳者，因为火盛上炎燥伤肺金，遂成郁满，甚至咳嗽无痰。或者吐血，痰劳者，是由于好色导致肾虚，子能令母虚，气血俱虚，阴虚则生火，肺金耗散，津液气血都化为痰了。痰会阻碍清气升降，滞气不行，遂成咳嗽。肺胀者，肺气因火邪伤害至极，遂成郁遏，胀满，或者左右侧卧都不能安眠的。有伤暑也令人咳嗽，其症状是烦热引饮，口燥，或者吐沫，声嘶咯血。伤湿咳嗽者，骨节烦疼，四肢沉重，洒淅寒热。大抵风寒致病，主要在于肺，因为肺主皮毛而司管外部，受伤则腠理不疏，风寒内郁于肺，清肃之气不利，而生痰动嗽。又寒气入胃，从脾脉上至于肺，则肺寒，肺寒则内外合邪壅塞而为咳。学者必须探求根本原因来治疗，没有不有效的。
治法：丹溪说：喘嗽必须区分虚实。急喘者，气实肺盛，呼吸不利，肺窍壅滞，右寸脉沉实，适宜泻肺，用桑白皮、葶苈子、杏仁来泻它。或者使用三拗汤，麻黄定喘最妙，严重的加黄芩、石膏。虚喘者是肾虚，先觉得呼吸气短，两胁胀满，左尺脉大而无力，适宜补肾，用阿胶、人参、五味子来补它。有痰的清痰，有火的降火，二陈汤加黄芩、黄连、瓜蒌、枳实主治。水气喘者不能平卧，躺下则喘更严重，因为火气上乘于肺，肺得水而浮，气壅滞而不得流通，适宜神秘汤。又说：治嗽最重要的是区分肺的虚实和新久来治疗。久嗽肺虚，适宜款冬花、紫菀、五味子、马兜铃等来补它。如果肺实有火邪，用黄芩、麦门冬、杏仁、桑白皮来泻它。新病风寒，则发散它，用麻黄、葱白、杏仁、前胡、金沸草之类。火热则清之，用黄芩、黄连、麦门冬之类。湿热则泻之，用半夏、贝母、苍术、石膏、黄芩、山栀之类。久病便属于虚与郁，气虚则补气，血虚则补血，兼痰则行痰，兼郁则开郁，滋润它，润燥它，止咳，降气，这是治嗽的大法。
方剂：清肺饮子治疗喘和治疗咳嗽，通用。根据症状加减。
黄芩（一钱二分） 麦门冬（一钱二分） 贝母（一钱五分） 陈皮（去白一钱） 白茯苓（一钱）
甘草（三分） 桔梗（八分） 枳壳（七分） 杏仁（去皮尖一钱） 半夏（姜制一钱二分）
以上为一服量，生姜三片，煎煮，饭后服用。
肺实而喘，加麻黄、桑白皮（各一钱五分）、石膏（二钱），严重的，再加葶苈子。
肺虚喘，加人参、阿胶、天门冬（各一钱）、五味子（五分），去掉枳壳、半夏。
食积喘，加山楂、神曲、麦芽（各一钱），去掉麦冬、杏仁。
痰盛而喘，加瓜蒌仁、枳壳、苏子（各一钱）、姜汁、竹沥（各一盏）。
火盛而喘，加石膏（一钱五分）、黄连、栀子（各一钱），严重的，酒蒸大黄。
水气喘者，加桑白皮、苏子、葶苈子、萝卜子（各一钱）。
肺胀咳嗽气喘，加诃子（一钱五分）、五味子（七分）、海蛤、香附、青黛、天花粉（各一钱）。
凡是咳嗽，春季是春升之气，适宜润肺抑肝，加知母（一钱）、五味子（七分）、川芎、白芍药（各八分）。
秋季是湿热伤肺，适宜清热、泻湿，本方去掉半夏，加桑白皮、天门冬（各一钱）、五味子（七分）、苍术、防风、山栀（各八分）。
冬季是风寒外感，适宜解表散邪，加麻黄、桂枝、防风（各一钱）、干姜（八分），如果发热头疼，鼻塞声重，再加藁本、川芎、前胡、柴胡、苏叶（各一钱）。
清晨咳嗽者，这是胃中有食积，到了这个时候火气流入肺中，加栀子、知母、地骨皮、当归（各一钱）、天门冬（一钱二分）、五味子（五分）。
上半日咳嗽多的，胃中有火，加石膏、知母（各一钱五分）。
午后咳嗽多的，属于阴虚，加当归、白芍药、熟地黄、黄柏、知母（各一钱）。
黄昏咳嗽多的，本是火气浮于肺，不宜用凉剂，本方去掉黄芩、半夏，加天门冬、百药煎、诃子（各一钱）、五味子（七分），收敛而降气。
咳嗽无声但有痰，加白术（一钱）、五味子（七分）、防风（八分）。
咳嗽有声但无痰，加防风（八分）、升麻、五味子、生姜（各等分）。
咳嗽有声且有痰，加白术、阿胶（各一钱）、防风（八分）、五味子（五分）。
咳嗽伴有寒热交替发作的，加柴胡、知母、地骨皮，挟虚再加人参、当归、白芍药（各一钱），去掉枳壳、杏仁。
气虚咳嗽，本方去掉半夏、杏仁、枳壳，加门君子汤（三钱）、款冬花、天门冬、阿胶（各一钱）、五味子（五分）。
血虚咳嗽，本方去掉半夏、枳壳，加四物汤（四钱）、紫菀、阿胶、知母（各一钱）。
气血俱虚咳嗽，本方去掉半夏、枳壳，加八物汤（五钱）、款冬花、紫菀、阿胶、天门冬（各一钱）、五味子（七分）。
冷嗽，右寸脉弦迟，本方去掉黄芩、麦门冬、杏仁，加干姜、细辛、白芍药、五味子（各七分）。
喘嗽遇冬天则发作，这是寒包热，解表，热自然消除，加麻黄（一钱五分）、防风、紫苏叶、木通（各一钱）。
咳嗽声音嘶哑，加天门冬、五味子、乌梅（二个）、当归、阿胶（各二钱）。
属于寒证，加北细辛（五分）、生姜（五片）。
干咳，是火郁非常严重，不得志的人多有此症，用苦梗来开之。上用本方，加山栀、香附、青皮（各等分），下用补阴降火，如果不愈则成劳损。
劳嗽适宜补阴清金，属于血虚的，本方去掉半夏、枳壳，加川芎、生地（各一钱）、当归、白芍药（各一钱）、知母、天门冬、紫菀、阿胶（各一钱二分）、五味子（七分）、玄参（八分）。
劳嗽属于气虚的，本方去掉桔梗、枳壳、半夏，加人参、白术、百合、款冬花、阿胶、薏苡仁（各一钱）、黄柏（五分）。
阴虚喘嗽，或者吐血的，加当归、白芍药、生地黄、知母、天门冬、紫菀、牡丹皮、地骨皮、阿胶（各一钱），去掉半夏、枳壳。酒嗽，加葛根粉、瓜蒌仁、黄连（各八分，酒嗽是因为饮酒过多损伤肺脏）。
夏季月热嗽咽痛，加黄连、荆芥（各八分）。
肺痿，适宜补血养肺滋阴，其症状是右寸脉数，咳嗽而口中有浊唾涎沫的是，本方去掉半夏、枳壳，加紫菀、知母、阿胶（各一钱）、五味子、人参、当归、天门冬（各八分）、薏苡仁（一钱五分）。
先前因咳嗽而有痰的，咳嗽为重，病主在肺，麦门冬、黄芩加倍使用。
因痰而导致咳嗽的，痰为重，病主在脾，二陈汤加倍使用。
Lumbar pain caused by blood stasis. If blood stasis is stagnant inside, add Tao Ren (Peach Seed), Hong Hua (Safflower), Su Mu (Sappan Wood) (each 1.5 qian), Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root) (0.5 qian), She Xiang (Musk) (0.1 qian, taken with the decoction just before administration), decocted in wine and taken orally.
Lumbar pain due to Kidney deficiency. It is suitable to use Bu Yin Wan (Nourish Yin Pill), adding Hu Tao Rou (Walnut Meat), Du Zhong (Eucommia Bark), Po Gu Zhi (Psoralea Fruit), Ren Shen (Ginseng), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root) (each 1.5 liang), Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (each 7 qian), made into honey pills for oral administration.
Pain in the waist and hips. This is caused by damp-heat flowing into the lower jiao. Add Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Hei Chou (Morning Glory Seed) (each 1 qian).
Shen Zhu disease belongs to dampness injuring the lower jiao. Add Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Fu Ling (Poria), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), remove Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root).
Waist softness. This is due to latent heat in the Liver and Kidney. Add Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark), Fang Ji (Stephania Root) (each 1.5 qian).
Shoulder and back pain. All are caused by wind-heat attacking the Lung. Add Ben Cao (Ligusticum Wallichii Rhizome or similar aromatic herb depending on context, here kept as "Ben"), Man Jing Zi (Vernonia Fruit), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Shan Zhi (Gardenia Fruit) (each 1 qian).
Shoulder and back pain due to cold-dampness. Add Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Shu Fu Zi (Prepared Aconite Root) (each 0.8 qian), Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (0.5 qian).
Pain caused by constrained fire. Add Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Shan Zhi (Gardenia Fruit), Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome), Qing Pi (Citrus Peel) (each equal parts), remove Du Huo (Angelica Pubescens Root). Sang Ji Sheng (Taxillus Branch).
Injury by the three qi of wind, cold, and dampness. Heavy body, cold waist, whole body painful as if beaten by a stick. Add Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Fu Ling (Poria) (each 1.2 qian), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (each 0.5 qian).
Disorder of Qi and Blood causing body pain. Add Shu Xiang (Agarwood or similar, text says "Shu Xiang") (0.7 qian), Zi Jing Pi (Bauhinia Bark), Wu Jia Pi (Acanthopanax Bark) (each 1 qian).
Dampness flowing into joints, whole body painful. Add Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) (half dose).
Damp-phlegm flowing into meridians, whole body joint pain. Add Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizome), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) (each 1.5 qian), Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) (half zhan), Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap) (one zhan), Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome) (1.5 qian).
Pain from Yangmei Chuang (Syphilis/Kaposi's sarcoma-like sores) toxin, has its own section.
Body pain after Shang Han (Cold Damage), there are differences between Yang syndrome and Yin syndrome with dampness, treatments differ. See Shang Han section for details.
Pulse: Pulses are mostly Chen (Deep) and Hua (Slippery), or Fu (Floating), Jin (Choppy/Tight), and Shu (Rapid). If the Right Cun pulse is Chen and Shi (Excess), it is suitable to drain the Lung. If the Left Chi pulse is Fu, Da (Large), and Xu (Deficient), it is suitable to nourish the Kidney. If the Right Cun pulse is Chen and Jin, there is cold pathogen in the Lung. If the pulse is Hua and hands/feet are warm, survival is indicated; if limbs are cold, death is indicated. If the pulse is Shu and body is hot, it is difficult to treat. The Cough Pulse Formula says: Fu indicates Wind, Jin indicates Cold, Shu indicates Heat, Xi (Fine) indicates Dampness. These are external pathogens, contracted from outside. Fu-Jin-Xu-Cold, Chen-Shu-Shi-Heat, Hong-Hua indicates much phlegm, Xian-Se indicates little blood. These are internal pathogens, obtained from within. Duan-Se indicates sexual exhaustion, Ruan (Soft) at Right Guan indicates Spleen injury, Xian-Duan at Left Guan indicates Liver injury, Fu-Duan-Se indicates Lung injury. Right Cun Wei-Ji indicates cough, vomiting pus and blood. Fu-Zhi-Ru indicates easy treatment. Chuan Ni (Wheezing and upward rushing Qi), pulse Shu with heat, unable to lie down, difficult to treat. Cough with Xian-Ji pulse about to vanish is a death sign.
Symptoms: *Ji Yao* says: Chuan (Wheezing) is characterized by rapid breathing, panting sounds, opening mouth and raising shoulders, shaking body and sucking in abdomen. Duan Qi (Shortness of breath) is frequent breathing but unable to continue, like wheezing but without shoulder shaking, like groaning but without pain, breathing is urgent but without phlegm sound. Ni Qi (Rebellious Qi) is simply Qi rushing upward urgently, Lung congestion preventing downward flow. Must distinguish carefully. Danxi said: Chuan Ji (Urgent wheezing) is due to Qi deficiency and Fire entering the Lung, constrained by Fire. There are also cases of Fire flaming upward, presence of Phlegm, Yin deficiency rising from lower abdomen, Qi deficiency causing shortness of breath, Water Qi attacking the Lung. All cause urgent wheezing, treatments vary. *Ke Sou Jing* says: Injury by dampness in Autumn leads to Ke Sou (Cough) in Winter. *Ji Yao* says: Ke (Cough without phlegm but with sound) is Lung Qi injury and unclear. Sou (Cough with phlegm but no sound) is Spleen dampness moving to generate phlegm. Ke Sou (Cough with both sound and phlegm) is due to Lung Qi injury and Spleen dampness movement, Sou follows Ke. If injured by Wind causing cough, there is aversion to cold, high fever, sweating, aversion to wind, dry mouth, irritability, thirst, and dryness. Shang Han cough involves aversion to cold, fever, aversion to cold, irritability, no thirst. Huo Ke (Fire cough) is due to excessive Fire flaming upward and drying Lung Metal, leading to constraint and fullness, even cough without phlegm. Or vomiting blood, Tan Lao (Phlegm Consumption) is due to lust causing Kidney deficiency, Child making Mother deficient, Qi and Blood both deficient, Yin deficiency generating Fire, Lung Metal exhausted, fluids, Qi, and Blood all transforming into Phlegm. Phlegm obstructs ascending/descending of clear Qi, stagnant Qi does not move, leading to cough. Fei Zhang (Lung Distension) is extreme Lung Qi injury by Fire, leading to constraint and distension, unable to sleep on either side. Shang Shu (Summerheat injury) also causes cough, symptoms include irritability, heat, desire to drink, dry mouth, vomiting foam, hoarseness, hemoptysis. Shang Shi (Dampness injury) cough involves bone/joint irritation/pain, heavy limbs, chills and fever. Generally, Wind-Cold diseases primarily affect the Lung, as Lung governs skin/hair and exterior. Injury causes pores not to open, Wind-Cold internally constrained in Lung, Clear Descending Qi unfavorable, generating phlegm and cough. Also Cold entering Stomach, traveling up Spleen meridian to Lung, causing Lung Cold, internal/external combined pathogens congesting to cause cough. Students must seek the root to treat, no failure expected.
Treatment: Danxi said: Chuan Sou must distinguish Xu/Shi. Ji Chuan (Urgent wheezing) is Qi Excess and Lung Prosperity, breathing difficulty, Lung orifice congestion, Right Cun pulse Chen-Shi, suitable to drain Lung, using Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Ting Li Zi (Descurainia Seed), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) to drain. Or use San Ao Tang (Three Unbinding Decoction), Ma Huang (Ephedra) is best for calming wheezing, severe cases add Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Shi Gao (Gypsum). Xu Chuan (Deficient wheezing) is Kidney deficiency, initially feeling shortness of breath, hypochondriac fullness, Left Chi pulse Da but weak, suitable to tonify Kidney, using E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Ren Shen (Ginseng), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) to tonify. For Phlegm, clear phlegm; for Fire, descend Fire, Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) added with Qin, Lian (Coptis), Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange) is main treatment. Water Qi Chuan cannot lie down, lying down worsens wheezing, because Fire Qi ascends to Lung, Lung floats with Water, Qi congested and blocked, suitable for Shen Mi Tang. Also said: Treating Sou most importantly distinguishes Lung Xu/Shi and Xin/Jiu (New/Old) to treat. Jiu Sou (Old cough) Lung Xu, suitable to tonify with Kuan Dong Hua (Coltsfoot Flower), Zi Wan (Aster Root), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), Ma Dou Ling (Aristolochia Stem). If Lung Shi with Fire pathogen, use Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed), Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark) to drain. New disease Wind-Cold, then disperse, use Ma Huang (Ephedra), Cong Bai (Green Onion White), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed), Qian Hu (Peucedanum Root), Jin Fei Cao (Boehmeria Leaf) etc. Fire-Heat then clear, use Qin, Lian (Coptis), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) etc. Damp-Heat then drain, use Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Shi Gao (Gypsum), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Shan Zhi (Gardenia Fruit) etc. Long-term disease belongs to Xu and Yu (Constraint), Qi deficiency then tonify Qi, Blood deficiency then tonify Blood, with Phlegm then move Phlegm, with Constraint then open Constraint, moisten, lubricate, stop cough, descend Qi. This is the general method for treating cough.
Formula: Qing Fei Yin Zi (Clear Lung Drink) treats Chuan and Sou, universal. Modify according to symptoms.
Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) (1.2 qian) Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) (1.2 qian) Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb) (1.5 qian) Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, remove white) (1 qian) Bai Fu Ling (Poria) (1 qian)
Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (0.3 qian) Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) (0.8 qian) Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange) (0.7 qian) Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, remove skin/spike) (1 qian) Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber, ginger processed) (1.2 qian)
Make one dose, add 3 slices of Ginger, decoct, take after meals.
Lung Shi with Chuan, add Ma Huang (Ephedra), Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark) (each 1.5 qian), Shi Gao (Gypsum) (2 qian), severe cases add Ting Li Zi (Descurainia Seed).
Lung Xu Chuan, add Ren Shen (Ginseng), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root) (each 1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.5 qian), remove Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber).
Shi Ji (Food accumulation) Chuan, add Shan Zha (Hawthorn Fruit), Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven), Mai Ya (Barley Sprout) (each 1 qian), remove Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed).
Tan Sheng (Excessive Phlegm) Chuan, add Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthes Seed), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange), Su Zi (Perilla Seed) (each 1 qian), Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice), Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap) (each one zhan).
Huo Sheng (Excessive Fire) Chuan, add Shi Gao (Gypsum) (1.5 qian), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome), Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) (each 1 qian), severe cases, wine-steamed Da Huang (Rhubarb Root).
Water Qi Chuan, add Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Su Zi (Perilla Seed), Ting Li Zi (Descurainia Seed), Luo Bo Zi (Radish Seed) (each 1 qian).
Fei Zhang (Lung Distension) Sou Chuan, add He Zi (Chebula Fruit) (1.5 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian), Hai Ge (Clam Shell), Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome), Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis), Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthes Root) (each 1 qian).
All Sou in Spring is Spring Ascending Qi, suitable to moisten Lung and suppress Liver, add Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) (1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root) (each 0.8 qian).
Autumn is Damp-Heat injuring Lung, suitable to clear Heat, drain Damp, remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) from this formula, add Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root) (each 1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Shan Zhi (Gardenia Fruit) (each 0.8 qian).
Winter is Wind-Cold external contraction, suitable to resolve and benefit, add Ma Huang (Ephedra), Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) (each 1 qian), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) (0.8 qian), if fever headache, nasal congestion and heavy voice, add Ben Cao (Ligusticum Wallichii Rhizome), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Qian Hu (Peucedanum Root), Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root), Su Ye (Perilla Leaf) (each 1 qian).
Qing Chen (Early morning) Sou, this is Food accumulation in Stomach, at this time Fire Qi flows into Lung, add Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Di Gu Pi (Lycium Bark), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) (each 1 qian), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root) (1.2 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.5 qian).
Shang Ban Ri (First half of day) Sou more, Fire in Stomach, add Shi Gao (Gypsum), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) (each 1.5 qian).
Wu Hou (Afternoon) Sou more, belongs to Yin Xu, add Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root), Shu Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) (each 1 qian).
Hun Hun (Twilight) Sou more, originally Fire Qi floating in Lung, not suitable for cooling agents, remove Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) from this formula, add Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root), Bai Yao Jian (Fermented Tea Pill), He Zi (Chebula Fruit) (each 1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian), astringe and descend.
Sou without sound but with phlegm, add Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) (1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) (0.8 qian).
Sou with sound but no phlegm, add Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) (0.8 qian), Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (each equal parts).
Sou with sound and phlegm, add Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each 1 qian), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) (0.8 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.5 qian).
Sou with alternating cold and heat, add Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Di Gu Pi (Lycium Bark), with Xu add Ren Shen (Ginseng), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root) (each 1 qian), remove Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed).
Qi Xu Sou, remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange) from this formula, add Men Jun Zi Tang (Menjunzi Decoction) (3 qian), Kuan Dong Hua (Coltsfoot Flower), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each 1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.5 qian).
Xue Xu (Blood Deficiency) Sou, remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange) from this formula, add Si Wu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) (4 qian), Zi Wan (Aster Root), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) (each 1 qian).
Qi and Blood both Xu Sou, remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange) from this formula, add Ba Wu Tang (Eight Substance Decoction) (5 qian), Kuan Dong Hua (Coltsfoot Flower), Zi Wan (Aster Root), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root) (each 1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian).
Leng Sou (Cold Cough), Right Cun pulse Xian-Chi (Choppy-Slow), remove Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) from this formula, add Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Xi Xin (Asarum Root), Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (each 0.7 qian).
Chuan Sou occurs in Winter, this is Cold wrapping Heat, release exterior, Heat self-eliminates, add Ma Huang (Ephedra) (1.5 qian), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf), Mu Tong (Akebia Stem) (each 1 qian).
Sou with hoarse voice, add Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), Wu Mei (Mume Fruit) (two pieces), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each 2 qian).
Belongs to Cold, add Bei Xi Xin (Northern Asarum) (0.5 qian), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (five slices).
Gan Ke Sou (Dry Cough), is severe Fire Constraint, common in those frustrated, use Ku Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) to open. Use upper formula, add Shan Zhi (Gardenia Fruit), Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome), Qing Pi (Citrus Peel) (each equal parts), use lower formula to tonify Yin and descend Fire, if not resolved becomes Lao (Consumption).
Lao Sou (Consumption Cough) suitable to tonify Yin and clear Metal, belongs to Blood Xu, remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange) from this formula, add Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root) (each 1 qian), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root) (each 1 qian), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root), Zi Wan (Aster Root), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each 1.2 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) (0.7 qian), Xuan Shen (Scrophularia Root) (0.8 qian).
Lao Sou belongs to Qi Xu, remove Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) from this formula, add Ren Shen (Ginseng), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Bai He (Lily Bulb), Kuan Dong Hua (Coltsfoot Flower), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Yi Yi Ren (Coix Seed) (each 1 qian), Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark) (0.5 qian).
Yin Xu Chuan Sou, or vomiting red blood, add Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root), Zi Wan (Aster Root), Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Bark), Di Gu Pi (Lycium Bark), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each 1 qian), remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange). Jiu Sou (Alcohol Cough), add Ge Gen Fen (Kudzu Root Powder), Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthes Seed), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) (each 0.8 qian, Alcohol Cough is due to excessive alcohol injuring Lung).
Xia Yue Re Sou Yan Tong (Summer month Hot Cough Sore Throat), add Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta Spike) (each 0.8 qian).
Fei Wei (Lung Atrophy), suitable to tonify Blood, nourish Lung, moisten Yin. Symptoms: Right Cun pulse Shu (Rapid), cough with turbid saliva and foam in mouth. Remove Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Zhi Qiao (Immature Bitter Orange) from this formula, add Zi Wan (Aster Root), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each 1 qian), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry), Ren Shen (Ginseng), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Tian Men Dong (Asparagus Root) (each 0.8 qian), Yi Yi Ren (Coix Seed) (1.5 qian).
Previously having phlegm due to cough, cough is heavy, main site in Lung, Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) double dose.
Due to phlegm causing cough, phlegm is heavy, main site in Spleen, Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) double dose.