味甘苦。性微寒。无毒。禀天地清利之气而生。降多于升。阴也。反藜芦。恶防己、
一名白参。
【主治】主专益肺气。补中。血结。惊气。除寒热。（本经）疗胸痹心腹痛。结热。邪
气
头痛
养肝
【归经】入肺经。兼入脾肾二经。为补阴泻火之品。（兼泻剂）
【前论】元素曰。肺寒者用人参。肺热者用沙参。李言闻曰。人参甘苦温。其体重实。
专补
因而
【禁忌】经疏曰。脏腑无实热。肺虚寒客作嗽者。均忌。
味苦。性微寒。降也。阴中阳也。畏咸水。反藜芦。
【主治】主心腹邪气。肠鸣幽幽如走水。寒热积聚。除瘕破症。止烦满。益气。（本经）
养血
节疼痛
肿毒。
【归经】入心肝肾三经。为去瘀生新之品。（兼泻剂 心与心包血分药）
【前论】萧炳曰。丹参治风软脚。可逐奔马。曾用实有效。
【禁忌】经疏曰。北方产者良。孕妇无故。忌。
即玉竹。味甘。性平。无毒。禀天地清和之气。而得稼穑之甘以生。可升可降。阳中
阴也。畏咸卤。
【主治】主中风暴热不能动摇。跌筋结肉。诸不足。悦颜色。（本经）心腹中结气。虚
热。
湿
润心
及劳疟
【归经】入心肺二经。为益阴长阳之品。（补益五脏滋养气血平补而润兼除风热）
【前论】罗天益曰。凡头痛不止者。属外感。宜发散。乍痛乍止者。属内伤。宜补益。
又有
不同
症。
虚症俱用
【炮制】雷公曰。竹刀刮去皮节。洗净蜜水浸一宿。蒸了。焙干用。
味甘，苦。性微寒。无毒。禀受天地清利之气而生。降气多于升气。属阴。与藜芦相反。畏恶防己。
又名白参。
【主治】主要专补肺气。补益中气。治疗血结。惊气。去除寒热。（出自《本经》）治疗胸痹心腹痛。结热。邪气头痛。养肝。
【归经】入肺经。兼入脾、肾二经。为补阴泻火之品。（属于兼泻剂）
【前论】李东垣说。肺寒者用人参。肺热者用沙参。李言闻说。人参甘苦温。其体重实。专补……因而……（原文此处有缺漏或断句不清，依文意翻译）
【禁忌】《本草经疏》说。脏腑无实热。肺虚寒客作嗽者。均忌。
味苦。性微寒。降也。阴中阳也。畏咸水。反藜芦。
【主治】主心腹邪气。肠鸣幽幽如走水。寒热积聚。除瘕破症。止烦满。益气。（出自《本经》）养血。节疼痛。肿毒。
【归经】入心、肝、肾三经。为去瘀生新之品。（属于兼泻剂，心与心包血分药）
【前论】萧炳说。丹参治风软脚。可逐奔马。曾用实有效。
【禁忌】《本草经疏》说。北方产者良。孕妇无故。忌。
即玉竹。味甘。性平。无毒。禀受天地清和之气。而得稼穑之甘以生。可升可降。阳中阴也。畏咸卤。
【主治】主中风暴热不能动摇。跌筋结肉。诸不足。悦颜色。（出自《本经》）心腹中结气。虚热。湿。润心。及劳疟。
【归经】入心肺二经。为益阴长阳之品。（补益五脏滋养气血平补而润兼除风热）
【前论】罗天益说。凡头痛不止者。属外感。宜发散。乍痛乍止者。属内伤。宜补益。又有……不同……症。虚症俱用……（原文此处有缺漏或断句不清，依文意翻译）
【炮制】雷公说。竹刀刮去皮节。洗净蜜水浸一宿。蒸了。焙干用。
Taste: Sweet, bitter. Nature: Slightly cold. Non-toxic. Born from the clear and beneficial qi of heaven and earth. Descending action exceeds ascending action. Yin nature. Incompatible with Veratrum Album (Lilu). Dislikes Stephania Tetrandra (Fangji).
Also known as Baishen (White Ginseng).
[Indications] Primarily specializes in benefiting Lung Qi. Tonifies the Middle Jiao. Treats Blood Stasis. Treats Shock Qi. Eliminates alternating chills and fever. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Treats Chest Bi (obstruction) with heart and abdominal pain. Accumulated heat. Evil Qi causing headache. Nourishes the Liver.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung Meridian. Also enters the Spleen and Kidney meridians. It is a substance that tonifies Yin and drains fire. (Classified as a mild purgative/descending agent)
[Preceding Discussions] Li Dongyuan said: For Cold of the Lung, use Ren Shen (Ginseng); for Heat of the Lung, use Shashen (Adenophora). Li Yanwen said: Ren Shen is sweet, bitter, and warm; its substance is heavy and solid. It specifically tonifies... therefore... (Text incomplete/fragmented in source)
[Contraindications] *Bencao Jing Shu* states: Contraindicated if there is no excess-heat in the zang-fu organs, or if cough is caused by cold pathogen invading a deficient Lung.
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Slightly cold. Descending. Yang within Yin. Feared by saline water. Incompatible with Veratrum Album (Lilu).
[Indications] Primarily treats evil Qi in the heart and abdomen. Intestinal murmurs sounding like flowing water. Accumulation of cold and heat. Eliminates masses and fixed lumps. Stops irritability and fullness. Benefits Qi. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Nourishes Blood. Relieves pain. Treats sores and toxins.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Heart, Liver, and Kidney meridians. It is a substance that removes stasis and generates new blood. (Classified as a mild purgative/descending agent; Herb for the Blood aspect of the Heart and Pericardium)
[Preceding Discussions] Xiao Bing said: Danshen treats wind-induced softness of the legs; it can chase galloping horses. Practical use has proven effective.
[Contraindications] *Bencao Jing Shu* states: Those produced in the North are superior. Contraindicated for pregnant women without specific indication.
This is Yuzhu (Polygonatum Odoratum). Taste: Sweet. Nature: Neutral. Non-toxic. Born from the pure and harmonious qi of heaven and earth, deriving the sweetness of grain production to grow. Capable of ascending and descending. Yin within Yang. Feared by saline brine.
[Indications] Primarily treats stroke-like sudden heat preventing movement. Tendon injuries with knotted flesh. Various deficiencies. Beautifies complexion. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Knotting Qi in the heart and abdomen. Deficient heat. Dampness. Moistens the Heart. And chronic malaria due to deficiency.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Heart and Lung meridians. It is a substance that benefits Yin and promotes Yang. (Tonifies the five zang organs, nourishes Qi and Blood, mildly tonifying and moistening, also eliminates wind-heat)
[Preceding Discussions] Luo Tianyi said: For persistent headache, it belongs to external contraction, suitable for dispersing. For intermittent headache, it belongs to internal injury, suitable for tonifying. There are also... different... symptoms. All deficiency syndromes should use... (Text incomplete/fragmented in source)
[Processing] Lei Gong said: Scrape off the skin and nodes with a bamboo knife. Wash clean, soak in honey-water overnight. Steam. Dry by baking before use.