味苦辛。性寒。无毒。降也。阴中微阳也。
【主治】主破坚癖。散滞气。治左胁肝经积气。（元素） 治胸膈气逆胁痛。小腹疝痛。
消乳
散也。
【归经】入肝胆二经。为猛锐之品。（二经气分药 通肝泻肺散积消痞除痰削坚开滞）
【前论】子和曰。陈皮升浮。入脾肺。治高而主通。青皮沉降。入肝胆。治低而主泻柴
胡疏
邪。
故窍
【禁忌】经疏曰。削坚破滞。性最酷烈。误服立损真气。必与参、术、芍药等补脾药同
行
味辛。性温涩。无毒。得天之阳气。地之金气以生。降也。阳中微阴也。忌见火。
【主治】主消谷。逐水。除痰癖。杀三虫。伏尸。疗寸白。（本经） 宣利五脏六腑壅
滞。
破
结（
瘴疠疟
【归经】入胃大肠二经。为沉重下坠之品。（能下肠胃有形之物）
【前论】元素曰。槟榔能坠诸气至于下极。故治后重如神。
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡气虚。脾胃虚。阴阳两虚。中气不足者。均忌。
味甘。性寒。无毒。得天地清寒之气以生。降也。阴中阳也。
【主治】主消烦止渴。解暑热。（吴瑞） 疗喉痹。（汪颖） 利小水。治血痢。解酒毒。
（宁
【归经】入脾经。为清暑解热之品。
【前论】时珍曰。西瓜究属生冷。名天生白虎汤。食者。但取一时之快。不知其伤脾助
湿之
鳌按、西瓜浮面青皮。名西瓜翠衣。能解皮肤间热。
以上泻剂果部
【青皮】
味苦、辛。性寒。无毒。具有沉降之性。属于阴中微带阳气的药物。
【主治】主要能破除坚硬的积块，疏散停滞的气机。治疗左胁部肝经的积气。（引自张元素）治疗胸膈气逆导致的胁痛，以及小腹疝气疼痛。消除乳痈等积聚。
【归经】入肝、胆二经。属于猛烈锐利的药物。（是调理二经气分的药物，能疏通肝脏、泻除肺邪、消散积滞、消除痞块、祛除痰饮、削破坚硬之物、开通滞塞。）
【前论】张子和说：陈皮性升浮，入脾、肺经，治疗上部疾病而主要起通导作用；青皮性沉降，入肝、胆经，治疗下部疾病而主要起泻下作用。柴胡疏解邪气。
【禁忌】缪希雍在《本草经疏》中说：青皮削破坚硬、破除滞结，药性最为酷烈。误服会立即损伤真气，必须与人参、白术、芍药等补益脾胃的药物配合使用。
【槟榔】
味辛。性温涩。无毒。禀受天的阳气、地的金气而生。具有沉降之性。属于阳中微带阴气的药物。忌见火。
【主治】主要能消化谷食，驱逐水湿，祛除痰饮积块，杀灭三虫（蛔虫、蛲虫、姜片虫等），消除伏尸（久治不愈的沉疴），治疗寸白虫（绦虫）。（引自《神农本草经》）宣通利导五脏六腑的壅滞之气。破除结聚。（治疗瘴气疟疾。）
【归经】入胃、大肠二经。属于沉重下坠的药物。（能下行排出肠胃中有形的积滞物。）
【前论】张元素说：槟榔能使各种气机下降至身体最下端，因此治疗里急后重症状效果神速。
【禁忌】缪希雍在《本草经疏》中说：凡是气虚、脾胃虚弱、阴阳两虚、中气不足的人，均忌用。
【西瓜】
味甘。性寒。无毒。禀受天地清寒之气而生。具有沉降之性。属于阴中微带阳气的药物。
【主治】主要能消除烦热、止渴。解除暑热。（引自吴瑞）治疗喉痹。（引自汪颖）通利小便。治疗血痢。解除酒毒。（引自宁...此处原文截断，通常指宁人或其他医家观点）。
【归经】入脾经。属于清解暑热的药物。
【前论】李时珍说：西瓜终究属于生冷之物，名为“天生白虎汤”。食用者只图一时的爽快，不知道它会损伤脾气、助长湿气。
赵学敏按语：西瓜浮于水面的青色外皮，名叫“西瓜翠衣”，能解除皮肤间的热邪。
以上为泻剂类果实部分。
[Qingpi (Green Citrus Peel)]
Taste: Bitter, Acrid. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Action: Descending. It is Yin with slight Yang.
[Indications] Primarily breaks down hard accumulations and masses, disperses stagnant Qi. Treats accumulated Qi in the left hypochondrium affecting the Liver channel. (Cited from Zhang Yuansu) Treats rebellious Qi in the chest and diaphragm causing flank pain, and hernia pain in the lower abdomen. Resolves breast abscesses and other accumulations.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. It is a fierce and sharp substance. (It is a Qi-regulating herb for these two meridians; it unblocks the Liver, drains the Lungs, dissipates accumulations, removes epigastric fullness, eliminates phlegm, reduces hardness, and opens stagnation.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhang Zijian stated: Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel) is ascending and floating, enters the Spleen and Lung meridians, treats upper-level disorders, and primarily promotes free flow. Qingpi is descending and sinking, enters the Liver and Gallbladder meridians, treats lower-level disorders, and primarily promotes purging. Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) disperses pathogenic factors.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: Due to its ability to reduce hardness and break stagnation, its nature is extremely harsh. Incorrect use will immediately damage True Qi. It must be administered together with spleen-tonifying herbs such as Renshen (Ginseng), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix).
[Binglang (Areca Seed)]
Taste: Acrid. Nature: Warm and Astringent. Non-toxic. Born from receiving Heaven's Yang Qi and Earth's Metal Qi. Action: Descending. It is Yang with slight Yin. Avoid exposure to fire.
[Indications] Primarily aids digestion of grains, expels water retention, resolves phlegm and dampness accumulations, kills three types of parasites, eliminates "Fushi" (chronic, incurable diseases), and treats Taenia solium (tapeworm). (Cited from *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Promotes the free flow of obstructed Qi in the five Zang and six Fu organs. Breaks up knot-like accumulations. (Treats malarial fevers caused by miasma.)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Stomach and Large Intestine meridians. It is a heavy and sinking substance. (It can descend and expel有形 [formidable/solid] matter from the intestines and stomach.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhang Yuansu stated: Binglang causes all Qi to descend to the lowest extremity; therefore, it is miraculous in treating tenesmus.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* stated: It is contraindicated for those with Qi deficiency, Spleen-Stomach deficiency, dual deficiency of Yin and Yang, or insufficiency of Middle Jiao Qi.
[Xigua (Watermelon)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Born from receiving the clear and cold Qi of Heaven and Earth. Action: Descending. It is Yin with slight Yang.
[Indications] Primarily relieves vexation, quenches thirst, and resolves summerheat. (Cited from Wu Rui) Treats throat obstruction (Houbi). (Cited from Wang Ying) Promotes urination. Treats bloody dysentery. Resolves alcohol toxicity. (Cited from Ning...)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Spleen meridian. It is a substance that clears summerheat and resolves heat.
[Preliminary Discussion] Li Shizhen stated: Watermelon is ultimately a raw and cold food, named "Natural Baihu Tang." Those who eat it only seek momentary pleasure, unaware that it damages Spleen Qi and aids Dampness.
Zhao Xuemin's Note: The green rind floating on the surface of the watermelon is called "Xigua Cuiyi" (Watermelon Green Rind), which can resolve heat in the skin.
The above constitutes the fruit section of the Purgative category.