运气小便数，皆属火。经云∶少阳之复，便数憎风是也。小便数，唯二脏有之。一属肺。经云∶
肺手太阴之脉，气盛有余则肩背痛，风寒汗出中风，小便数而欠是也。以刺言之，泻手太阴则愈。一
属肝。经云∶足厥阴之疟，令人如癃状而小便不利。又云∶肝痹者，夜卧则惊，多饮数小便是也。视
虚实、补泻之则愈。数而少，茯苓琥珀汤利之。数而多，薯蓣、莲肉、益智仁之属收之。生薯蓣半斤，
刮去皮，以刀切碎，于铛中煮酒沸，下薯蓣，不得搅，待熟加盐、葱白，更添酒，空腹下二三盏妙。
莲肉去皮，不以多少，用好酒浸一两宿，猪肚一个，将酒浸莲肉入肚中多半为度，水煮熟，取出莲肉，
切，焙干为细末，酒煮面糊为丸，如芡实大。每服五十丸，食前米饮汤下，名水芝丸。夜多小便，益
智二十四个为末，盐五分，水一盏，
煎八分，临卧温服。卫真汤并丸、桑螵蛸散。戴氏云∶小便多者，乃下元虚冷，肾不摄水，以致渗泄。
宜菟丝子丸、八味丸、玄兔丹、生料鹿茸丸。有人每日从早至午前定尿四次，一日之间，又自无事。
此肾虚所致，亦犹脾肾泄，早泄而晚愈，次日又复然者也。若小便常急，遍数虽多而所出常少，放了
复急，不涩痛，却非淋证。亦有小便毕少顷，将谓已尽，忽再出些少者。多因自忍尿，或忍尿行房事
而然。宜生料五苓散，减泽泻之半，加阿胶一钱，吞加减八味丸。此丸须用五味子者。有盛喜致小便
多，日夜无度。乃喜极伤心，心与小肠为表里。宜厘清饮、四七汤各半帖和煎，仍以辰砂妙香散，吞
小菟丝子丸或玄兔丹。若频频欲去而溺不多，但不痛耳。此肾与膀胱俱虚，客热乘之，虚则不能制水。
宜补肾丸、六味地黄丸。热入水道，涩而不利。八正散，或五苓散加黄柏、知母、麦门冬、木通。大
便硬，小便数者，是谓脾约。脾约丸主之。
运气学说认为，小便频数均归属于火邪。《内经》记载：“少阳相火复气发作时，会出现小便频数且怕风的症状。”小便频数主要涉及两个脏腑：一是肺。《内经》说：“手太阴肺经的经脉，若气盛有余，则出现肩背疼痛、风寒汗出及中风症状，同时伴有小便频数和呵欠。”从针刺治疗角度而言，泻手太阴肺经即可痊愈。二是肝。《内经》说：“足厥阴肝经的疟疾，使人出现类似癃闭（排尿困难）的症状而小便不利。”又说：“肝痹患者，夜间睡眠易惊悸，多饮且小便频数。”根据虚实情况，采用补虚或泻实的方法即可痊愈。若小便频数但量少，可用茯苓琥珀汤利水通淋；若小便频数且量多，则用薯蓣（山药）、莲肉（莲子）、益智仁等药物收敛固涩。具体方药如下：生山药半斤，刮去外皮，用刀切碎，在锅中煮酒至沸腾，放入山药，不要搅拌，待煮熟后加入盐和白葱段，再添加一些酒，空腹服用二三盏效果佳。莲子去皮，用量不限，用好酒浸泡一至两夜，取一个猪肚，将酒浸过的莲子装入猪肚中，装至大半满为止，加水煮熟，取出莲子，切碎，焙干研成细末，用酒煮面糊制成丸药，大小如芡实。每次服用五十丸，饭前用米汤送服，名为水芝丸。夜间小便多者，将益智仁二十四个研为粉末，加盐五分，用水一盏，煎至八分，临睡前温服。也可使用卫真汤配合丸药，或桑螵蛸散。戴氏说：小便多者，是由于下元虚冷，肾气不能摄纳水液，导致渗泄不禁。适宜使用菟丝子丸、八味丸、玄兔丹、生料鹿茸丸。有人每天从早晨到午前固定排尿四次，一天之中其他时间无事。这是肾虚所致，也如同脾肾泄泻，早上早泄晚上才愈，第二天又重复发生一样。如果小便经常急迫，次数虽多但每次排出量少，排完后再次感到急迫，但不涩痛，这就不是淋证。也有小便结束后片刻，以为已经排尽，忽然又排出少量的情况。这多因强行憋尿，或憋尿后进行房事所致。适宜使用生料五苓散，减去一半泽泻，加阿胶一钱，吞服加减八味丸。此丸必须使用五味子。有因大喜导致小便多，日夜无节制。这是因为喜极伤心，心与小肠互为表里。适宜使用厘清饮、四七汤各半帖合煎，仍以辰砂妙香散，吞服小菟丝子丸或玄兔丹。如果频频想排尿但尿量不多，只是不痛。这是肾与膀胱俱虚，客热侵袭，虚则不能制约水液。适宜使用补肾丸、六味地黄丸。热邪侵入水道，导致涩滞而不通畅。可用八正散，或五苓散加黄柏、知母、麦门冬、木通。大便硬结，小便频数者，称为脾约。以脾约丸主治。
According to the theory of Six Qi (Six Climate Factors), frequent urination is attributed to Fire. The *Classic of Medicine* (*Huangdi Neijing*) states: "When Shaoyang (Ministerial Fire) undergoes a rebound, it manifests as frequent urination and aversion to wind." Frequent urination primarily involves two Zang organs: one is the Lung. The *Classic* states: "The Hand-Taiyin Lung meridian, when Qi is excessive and surplus, presents with shoulder and back pain, sweating due to Wind-Cold and Wind-stroke, along with frequent urination and yawning." From an acupuncture perspective, reducing (sedating) the Hand-Taiyin meridian leads to recovery. The other is the Liver. The *Classic* states: "Jueyin (Liver) malaria causes symptoms resembling strangury (difficulty in urination) with obstructed urination." It also states: "In Liver Bi (obstruction), patients startle during sleep at night, drink excessively, and have frequent small-volume urination." Treatment based on deficiency or excess via tonification or reduction leads to recovery. If urination is frequent but scanty, Lingfu Hupo Tang (Poria and Amber Decoction) is used to promote diuresis; if frequent and copious, herbs such as Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Shuyu, 薯蓣), Nelumbinis Semen (Lianrou, 莲肉), and Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (Yizhiren, 益智仁) are used for astringency. Specific prescriptions include: Half a jin (approx. 500g) of fresh Dioscorea rhizome, peeled and chopped, boiled in wine until boiling, added without stirring until cooked, then salt and white scallion are added, with more wine supplemented; taken fasting, two to three cups are effective. Lotus seeds, peeled, quantity unspecified, soaked in good wine for one to two nights; one pig stomach is used, filled mostly with the wine-soaked lotus seeds, boiled in water until cooked, the seeds removed, chopped, dried, and powdered; mixed with wine-boiled wheat paste into pills the size of Euphorbiae Semen (Qianshi, 芡实). Take fifty pills before meals with rice decoction, named Shuizhi Wan (Water Lotus Pill). For nocturnal polyuria, twenty-four Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (Yizhiren, 益智仁) are powdered, mixed with five fen of salt, boiled in one cup of water until reduced to eight-tenths, and taken warm before bed. Weizhen Tang combined with pills, or Sangpiaoxiao San (Mantis Egg-case Powder) may be used. Dai Shi stated: Excessive urination results from deficiency-cold of the Lower Origin, where the Kidney fails to control water, leading to leakage. Suitable formulas include Tusizi Wan (Cuscuta Seed Pill), Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill), Xuan Tu Dan (Black Rabbit Pellet), and Shengliao Lurong Wan (Unprocessed Deer Antler Pill). A case involved someone who urinated exactly four times daily from morning until noon, with no issues otherwise. This is caused by Kidney deficiency, similar to Pi-Shen diarrhea (Spleen-Kidney diarrhea), which occurs early in the day and resolves late, recurring the next day. If there is constant urgency, frequent voiding with scant output each time, followed by renewed urgency without dysuria or pain, it is not Lin syndrome (strangury). There are also cases where a small amount of urine is passed shortly after finishing, feeling as though empty initially. This is often due to holding urine or engaging in sexual intercourse while holding urine. Shengliao Wuling San (Raw Five-Ling Decoction) is suitable, with half the dose of Alisma Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) reduced, plus one qian of Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao, 阿胶), swallowed with Jiajian Bawei Wan (Modified Eight-Ingredient Pill). This pill must contain Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子). Extreme joy can cause excessive urination, day and night without limit. Joy injures the Heart; the Heart and Small Intestine are exterior-interior pairs. Liqing Yin (Clearing Decoction) and Siqi Tang (Four-Seven Decoction), half doses each, are decocted together, taken with Chensha Miaoxiang San (Cinnabar Incense Powder), swallowing Xiaotusizi Wan (Small Cuscuta Seed Pill) or Xuan Tu Dan. If there is frequent urge to void with little urine but no pain, this indicates deficiency of both Kidney and Bladder, with pathogenic heat invading; deficiency fails to control water. Bushen Wan (Kidney-Tonifying Pill) or Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) is suitable. Heat entering the urinary pathway causes obstruction and difficulty. Bazheng San (Eight-Herb Powder) or Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) modified with Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, 黄柏), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦门冬), and Akebiae Caulis (Mutong, 木通) may be used. When stool is hard and urination is frequent, this is called Pi Yue (Spleen Confinement). Pi Yue Wan (Spleen Confinement Pill) is indicated.