出黔南。伴和诸杂香，烧烟直上天，召鹤得盘旋于上。
海药云∶徐表《南州记》云∶生南海山。又云生大秦国。味温，平，无毒。主天行时气，
宅舍怪异，并烧悉验。又按《仙传》云∶烧之，或引鹤降。醮星辰，烧此香甚为第一，度
烧之，功力极验。小儿带之，能辟邪恶之气也。
味甘，温，无毒。主辟恶，杀鬼精物，温疟蛊毒，痫 ，去三虫，除邪，令人无梦魇。
久服通神明，轻身长年。生中台川谷。
陶隐居云∶俗传云是师子屎，外国说不尔。今皆从西域来，真者虽别，亦不复入药，唯
供合好香尔。唐本注云∶此香从西域及昆仑来。紫赤色，与紫、真檀相似，坚实极芬香，唯
重如石，烧之灰白者好。云是师子屎，此是胡人诳言，陶不悟之。犹以为疑也。臣禹锡等谨
按梁书云∶中天竺国出苏合，苏合是诸香汁煎之，非自然一物也。又云大秦人采苏合，先煎
其汁以为香膏，乃卖其滓与诸人。是以展转来达中国，不大香也。陈藏器云∶按师子屎，赤
黑色，烧之去鬼气，服之破宿血，杀虫。苏合香，色黄白，二物相似而不同。人云∶师子屎
是西国草木皮汁所为，胡人将来，欲人贵之，饰其名尔。
图经文具沉香条下。
唐本余除鬼魅。
\r金樱子\pd303.bmp\r
味酸、涩，平、温，无毒。疗脾泄下痢，止小便利，涩精气。久服令人耐寒，轻身。方
术多用。云是今之刺梨子。形似 而小，色黄有刺，花白。在处有之。
臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶术多用，言是今之刺榆子，形如 而小。今医家用之甚验。雷
公炮炙论云∶林檎向里子名金樱子，与此同名而已。医方中亦用林檎子者。日华子云∶金樱
花，平。止冷热痢，杀寸白、蛔虫等。和铁粉研，拔白发，敷之再出黑者，亦可染发。又云
金樱东行根，平，无毒。治寸白虫。锉二两，入糯米三十粒，水二升，煎五合。空心服，须
臾泻下，神验。又云∶皮，平，无毒。炒，止泻血及崩中带下。
图经曰∶金樱子，旧不载所出州土，云在处有之，今南中州郡多有，而以江西、剑南、
岭外者为胜。丛生效野中，大类蔷薇，有刺。四月开白花。夏秋结实，亦有刺，黄赤色，形
似小石榴，十一月、十二月采，江南、蜀中人熬作煎，酒服，云补治有殊效。宜州所供。云
本草谓之营实。其注称白花者善，即此也。今校诸郡所述，与营实殊别也。洪州、昌州皆能
煮，其子作煎，寄至都下。服食家用和鸡头实作水陆丹，益气补真甚佳。
孙真人食忌金樱子煎，经霜后，以竹夹子摘取，于大木臼中，转杵却刺，勿损之，擘为
两片，去其子。以水淘洗过，烂捣入大锅，以水煎，不得绝火。煎约水耗半，取出澄滤过，
仍重煎似稀饧。每服取一匙，用暖酒一盏调服。其功不可具载。沈存中金樱子，止遗泄，取
其温
衍义曰∶金樱子，经九月、十月熟时采。不尔，复令人利。
八种海药余
产于黔南地区。常与其他各种香料混合，燃烧时烟气笔直上升，能召唤仙鹤在上方盘旋。
《海药本草》记载：徐表的《南州记》说：产于南海山。又说产于大秦国（古代对罗马帝国或西亚地区的称呼）。气味温和，性平，无毒。主治流行性时气病，住宅中的怪异邪气，焚烧此香均有效验。又据《仙传》记载：焚烧此香，有时能引来仙鹤降临。用于祭祀星辰，焚烧这种香最为第一，度亡烧化，功效极其灵验。小儿佩戴它，能够辟除邪恶之气。
味甘，性温，无毒。主治辟除恶气，杀灭鬼精物，治疗温疟、蛊毒，癫痫，去除三虫（体内寄生虫），驱除邪气，使人不做噩梦魇症。长期服用可通神明，轻身延年。产于中台川谷。
陶隐居说：民间传说这是狮子屎，外国人不这么说。现在都从西域来，真正的虽然不同，但也不再入药，只供制作好香使用。《唐新修本草》注解说：这种香从西域及昆仑山传来。呈紫赤色，与紫檀、真檀相似，质地坚实极芬香，只是重如石头，燃烧后灰烬为白色的为好。说是狮子屎，这是胡人的谎言，陶弘景没有醒悟这一点，仍然表示怀疑。臣禹锡等谨慎按察《梁书》记载：中天竺国出产苏合，苏合是各种香汁煎煮而成的，不是天然的一种物体。又说大秦人采集苏合，先煎取其汁液作为香膏，然后将其渣滓卖给众人。因此辗转来到中国，香气就不大了。陈藏器说：按狮子屎，呈赤黑色，燃烧可去鬼气，服用可破宿血，杀虫。苏合香，色黄白，两种物品相似但不同。有人说：狮子屎是西国草木皮汁所做，胡人拿来，想让人贵重它，修饰其名罢了。
《图经本草》在沉香条下已有详细记载。
《唐新修本草》补充：可除鬼魅。
金樱子
味酸、涩，性平、温，无毒。治疗脾虚泄泻、下痢，止小便频数，固涩精气。长期服用使人耐寒，身体轻健。方术之士多用。说是现在的刺梨子。形状像某种果实而较小，色黄有刺，花白色。到处都有。
臣禹锡等谨慎按察《蜀本草》说：方术多用，说是现在的刺榆子，形状像某种果实而小。现在医生使用非常有效。雷公炮炙论说：林檎向里的子名叫金樱子，与此同名而已。医方中也用林檎子的。日华子说：金樱花，性平。止冷热痢，杀寸白虫、蛔虫等。与铁粉研磨，拔除白发，敷之再长出黑发者，也可染发。又说金樱东行的根，性平，无毒。治寸白虫。锉二两，加入糯米三十粒，水二升，煎至五合。空腹服用，须臾间泻下，神效。又说：皮，性平，无毒。炒制，止泻血及崩漏带下。
《图经本草》说：金樱子，旧籍不载所出州土，说到处都有，现在南方各州郡多有，而以江西、剑南、岭外产的为佳。丛生野外，大类蔷薇，有刺。四月开白花。夏秋结实，也有刺，黄赤色，形似小石榴，十一月、十二月采收，江南、蜀中人熬制成煎剂，酒服，据说补治有特殊疗效。宜州所供奉。说本草称之为营实。其注称白花者善，即此也。现在校勘各郡所述，与营实截然不同。洪州、昌州都能煮，其子作煎，寄送到京城。服食家用和鸡头实制作水陆丹，益气补真甚佳。
孙真人《食忌》记载金樱子煎法：经霜后，以竹夹子摘取，于大木臼中，转杵去掉刺，不要损伤果肉，擘为两片，去其子。以水淘洗过，烂捣入大锅，以水煎，不得断火。煎约水耗一半，取出澄清过滤，仍重新煎至稀饧状。每服取一匙，用暖酒一盏调服。其功效不可详尽记载。沈存中记载金樱子，止遗泄，取其温性。
《衍义》说：金樱子，经九月、十月成熟时采收。否则，反而令人腹泻。
八种海药补充
Produced in the Qian Nan region. Often mixed with various other fragrant herbs, when burned, the smoke rises straight up, capable of summoning cranes to circle above.
*Haiyao Bencao* (Sea Medicinal Materia Medica) records: Xu Biao's *Nanzhou Ji* (Record of Southern Prefectures) states: Grows in the mountains of the South Sea. It also states it grows in Daqin (ancient term for Rome or West Asia). The taste is warm, nature is neutral, non-toxic. It primarily treats epidemic seasonal qi pathogens, strange phenomena in dwellings, and burning this incense has been verified as effective. Furthermore, according to *Xian Zhuan* (Immortal Transmissions): Burning it can sometimes attract cranes to descend. For worshipping stars and planets, burning this incense is considered the best; for funeral rites, its efficacy is extremely verified. Children wearing it can ward off evil qi.
The taste is sweet, nature is warm, non-toxic. It primarily wards off evil qi, kills ghostly essences and objects, treats warm malaria and gu poison, epilepsy, removes three types of parasites (internal worms), dispels evil qi, and prevents nightmares. Long-term consumption promotes spiritual clarity, lightens the body, and prolongs life. Grows in Zhongtai Chuan Valley.
Tao Hongjing says: Folk tradition claims it is lion feces, but foreigners deny this. Now it all comes from the Western Regions. Although genuine ones differ, they are no longer used in medicine, serving only for blending fine incenses. *Tang Bencao Xin Xiu* (Newly Revised Tang Materia Medica) notes: This incense comes from the Western Regions and Kunlun. It is purple-red in color, similar to Zitan (Sandalwood) and Zhen Tan (True Sandalwood), solid and extremely fragrant, though heavy as stone. Those that turn white ash when burned are good. Claiming it is lion feces is a lie by Hu people; Tao did not realize this and remained skeptical. Ministers Yu Xi et al. carefully examined *Liang Shu* (Book of Liang), which states: Zhong Tianzhu (Central India) produces Suhe. Suhe is boiled down from juices of various fragrant herbs, not a single natural object. It also states that people of Daqin collect Suhe, first boiling the juice to make incense paste, then selling the dregs to others. Thus, it reaches China through multiple transfers, losing much of its fragrance. Chen Cangqi says: According to descriptions, lion feces are dark red-black, burning removes ghostly qi, ingestion breaks old blood, and kills parasites. Suhe incense is yellow-white; the two substances are similar but different. Some say: Lion feces are made from juices of bark and plants of the Western Regions, brought by Hu people to inflate their value and embellish their name.
*Tujing Bencao* (Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica) details are under the entry for Chenxiang (Agarwood).
*Tang Bencao Xin Xiu* supplements: Can dispel ghosts and demons.
Jinyingzi (Rosa laevigata fruit)
Taste is sour and astringent, nature is neutral and warm, non-toxic. Treats spleen deficiency diarrhea and dysentery, stops frequent urination, secures essence and qi. Long-term consumption makes one resistant to cold and lightens the body. Frequently used by Daoist practitioners. Said to be the current Cili Zi (Prickly Pear). Shape resembles [a certain fruit] but smaller, yellow with thorns, flowers are white. Found everywhere.
Ministers Yu Xi et al. carefully examined *Shu Bencao* (Shu Materia Medica), stating: Frequently used by practitioners, said to be Ci Yu Zi (Thorny Elm Fruit), shape resembles [a certain fruit] but small. Currently used by physicians with great effect. *Leigong Paozhi Lun* (Lei Gong's Treatise on Processing) states: The inner part of Lin Qin (Crabapple) seeds is named Jinyingzi, sharing the same name. Medical formulas also use Lin Qin seeds. Ri Huazi says: Jin Ying Hua (Jinyingzi flower), nature is neutral. Stops cold-heat dysentery, kills Ascaris lumbricoides and roundworms. Ground with iron powder, it pulls out white hair; applying it causes black hair to regrow, and can also dye hair. Also states: The eastward-growing roots of Jinying, nature is neutral, non-toxic. Treats Ascaris lumbricoides. Slice two liang, add thirty grains of glutinous rice, two sheng of water, decoct until five he remain. Take on an empty stomach; diarrhea occurs shortly after, miraculous effect. Also states: The peel, nature is neutral, non-toxic. Stir-fried, stops bloody diarrhea and leukorrhea due to metrorrhagia.
*Tujing Bencao* states: Jinyingzi, old texts do not record its origin province, saying it is found everywhere. Now many southern prefectures have it, but those from Jiangxi, Jiannan, and Lingwai are superior. It grows in clusters in the wild, resembling roses, with thorns. Blooms white flowers in April. Bears fruit in summer and autumn, also thorny, yellow-red, shaped like small pomegranates. Harvested in November and December. People in Jiangnan and Shu boil it into a syrup, taken with wine, said to have special curative effects for tonification. Supplied by Yizhou. The materia medica calls it Ying Shi. Its annotation states white flowers are superior, referring to this plant. Current verification of descriptions from various prefectures differs significantly from Ying Shi. Hongzhou and Changzhou both process it, making syrups from its seeds and sending them to the capital. Tonification households mix it with Euryale seed to make Shuilu Dan, which is excellent for benefiting qi and supplementing true essence.
Sun Simiao's *Shi Ji* (Dietary Taboos) records the preparation of Jinyingzi Syrup: After frost, pick with bamboo tongs, place in a large wooden mortar, pound to remove thorns without damaging the flesh, split into two halves, remove seeds. Wash with water, mash thoroughly, put in a large pot, decoct with water, do not let the fire go out. Decoct until half the water evaporates, take out, clarify and filter, then re-decoct until thick like thin syrup. Each dose takes one spoonful, mixed with a cup of warm wine. Its merits cannot be fully recorded. Shen Cunzhong records Jinyingzi stops enuresis and seminal emission, utilizing its warm nature.
*Yanyi* (Expanded Meaning) states: Jinyingzi should be harvested when ripe in September and October. Otherwise, it may cause diarrhea.
Supplements from Eight Types of Sea Medicinals