\r鸡头实\pd486.bmp\r
味甘，平，无毒。主湿痹，腰脊膝痛，补中除暴疾，益精气，强志，令耳目聪明。
久服轻身不饥耐老神仙。一名雁喙实，一名芡（音俭）。生雷泽池泽。八月采。
陶隐居云∶此即今 （音苇）子形上花似鸡冠，故名鸡头。仙方∶取此并莲实合饵，能
令小儿
胜菱。臣禹
头，实若
小儿食，不
陈士良云
助气。根
图经曰∶鸡头实，生雷泽，今处处有之，生水泽中。叶大如荷，皱而有刺，俗谓之鸡头
盘。
采实。服饵
之水陆丹
经验后方∶治益精气，强志意，聪利耳目。以鸡头实三合，煮令熟，去壳，研如膏，入
粳
《疏》
衍义曰∶鸡头实，今天下皆有之，河北沿溏泺居人采得，舂去皮，捣仁为粉，蒸渫作饼，
可
\r梅实\pd487.bmp\r
味酸，平，无毒。主下气，除热烦满，安心，肢体痛，偏枯不仁，死肌，去青黑痣，
恶疾，止下痢，好唾，口干。生汉中川谷。五月采，火干。
陶隐居云∶此亦是今乌梅也，用当去核，微熬之。伤寒烦热，水渍饮汁。生梅子及白梅
亦应
相似，今人多用白梅和药，以点痣，蚀恶肉也。服黄精人，云禁食梅实。唐本注云∶《别录
》云，梅根，疗风痹，出土者杀人。梅实，利筋脉，去痹。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶梅核
仁亦可单用，味酸，无毒。能除烦热。萧炳云∶今人多用烟熏为乌梅。孟诜云∶乌梅，多食
损
齿。又，刺在肉中，嚼白梅封之，刺即出。又，大便不通，气奔欲死。以乌梅十颗置汤中，
须臾挪去核，杵为丸如枣大，纳下部，少时即通。谨按擘破水渍，以少蜜相和，止渴，霍
乱心腹不安及痢赤。治疟方∶多用之。陈藏器云∶梅实本功外，止渴。令人膈上热。乌梅去
痰
，主疟瘴，止渴调中，除冷热痢，止吐逆。梅叶捣碎汤洗，衣易脱也。嵩阳子云∶清水揉梅
叶
，洗蕉葛衣，经夏不脆。余试之验。日华子云∶梅子，暖。止渴。多啖伤骨，蚀脾胃，令人
发热。根、叶煎浓汤，治休息痢并霍乱。又云白梅，暖，无毒。治刀箭，止血，研敷之。又
云乌梅，暖，无毒。除劳，治骨蒸，去烦闷。涩肠止痢，消酒毒。治偏枯、皮肤麻痹。去黑
点。令人得睡。又入建茶、干姜为丸，止休息痢，大验也。
图经曰∶梅实，生汉中川谷，今襄汉、川蜀、江湖、淮岭皆有之。其生实酢而损齿，伤
骨，
发虚热，不宜多食之，服黄精人尤不相宜。其叶煮浓汁服之，已休息痢。根，主风痹。出土
者
不可用。五月采其黄实，火熏干作乌梅。主伤寒烦热及霍乱躁渴。虚劳瘦羸，产妇气痢等方
∶中多用之。南方∶疗劳疟劣弱者，用乌梅十四枚，豆豉二合，桃、柳枝各一虎口握，甘草
三
寸长，生姜一块，以童子小便二升，煎七合，温服。其余药使用之尤多。又以盐杀为白梅，
亦
入除痰药中用。又，下有杨梅条，亦生江南、岭南。其木若荔枝，而叶细阴浓，其实生青熟
红，肉在核上，无皮壳。南人淹藏以为果，寄至北方∶甚多，今医方∶鲜用，故附于此。
圣惠方∶主伤寒，下部生 疮。用乌梅肉三两，炒令燥，杵为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。
以
至七
煎取
作
极热，纳小
水五升，
寒。以三十
为伐指。以乌
打碎，水二升，煮
渐自消。经验方∶
但出紫血，有红血出，
胸中烦痛。乌梅十四
以乌梅肉二两，微炒为
去滓，临卧时服。鬼
氏本草∶梅核明目，
与军士失道，大渴而无水
衍义曰∶梅实，食梅则津液泄，水生木也。津液泄，故伤齿。肾属水，外为齿，故也。
王叔
和曰∶膀胱、肾合为津府，此语虽鄙，然理存焉。熏之为乌梅，曝干藏密器中，为白梅。
【鸡头实】
味甘，性平，无毒。主治湿痹，腰脊及膝部疼痛，补益中气，消除突发疾病，增益精气，强壮意志，使耳聪目明。
长期服用可身体轻盈，不感饥饿，耐老如神仙。又名雁喙实，又名芡（音俭）。生长于雷泽的池沼中。八月采集。
陶隐居说：这就是现在的鸡头，形状像苇子，花顶似鸡冠，所以叫鸡头。仙方：取此物与莲实合服，能让小儿比吃菱角更好。臣禹锡……（原文此处有残缺）……小儿食之，不……陈士良说……助气。根……
《图经》说：鸡头实，生长在雷泽，现在到处都有，生长在水泽中。叶子大如荷叶，皱缩且有刺，俗称鸡头盘。
采集果实。服用饵……之水陆丹……
经验后方：治疗增益精气，强壮意志，使耳聪目明。用鸡头实三合，煮至熟透，去壳，研磨成膏状，加入粳米……《疏》……
《衍义》说：鸡头实，现在天下都有，河北沿溏泺居住的人采集后，舂去皮，捣仁为粉，蒸熟做成饼，可以……
【梅实】
味酸，性平，无毒。主治下气，消除烦热胀满，安心神，缓解肢体疼痛，治疗半身不遂、麻木不仁、死肌，去除青黑色痣，治疗恶疾，止住下痢，减少唾液分泌过多，缓解口干。生长于汉中的川谷中。五月采集，用火烘干。
陶隐居说：这也是现在的乌梅，使用时需去核，轻微炒制。伤寒引起的烦热，用水浸泡饮用汁液。生梅子和白梅也应……相似，现在人多用白梅和药，来点痣，腐蚀恶肉。服用黄精的人，据说禁止食用梅实。唐本注说：《别录》说，梅根，治疗风痹，出土的梅根杀人。梅实，利筋脉，去除痹症。臣禹锡等谨按《药性论》说：梅核仁也可以单用，味酸，无毒。能除烦热。萧炳说：现在人多用烟熏制成乌梅。孟诜说：乌梅，多吃损伤牙齿。另外，刺在肉中，嚼白梅封住伤口，刺就会出来。另外，大便不通，气逆欲死。用乌梅十颗放入汤中，一会儿去掉核，捣成丸如枣大，纳入下部，不久即通。谨按劈开用水浸泡，加少许蜂蜜调和，止渴，治疗霍乱心腹不安及赤痢。治疟方：多用之。陈藏器说：梅实除了原本的功效外，还能止渴。但令人膈上生热。乌梅去痰，主疟疾瘴气，止渴调中，去除冷热痢，止吐逆。梅叶捣碎后用汤洗，衣服容易脱落。嵩阳子说：用清水揉搓梅叶，洗蕉葛衣，经过夏天也不脆。我试过验证有效。日华子说：梅子，性暖。止渴。多吃伤骨，腐蚀脾胃，令人发热。根、叶煎浓汤，治疗休息痢并霍乱。又说白梅，性暖，无毒。治疗刀箭伤，止血，研磨敷用。又说乌梅，性暖，无毒。去除劳损，治疗骨蒸，去除烦闷。涩肠止痢，解酒毒。治疗偏枯、皮肤麻痹。去除黑点。让人入睡。又加入建茶、干姜做成丸，止休息痢，非常有效。
《图经》说：梅实，生长于汉中的川谷，现在襄汉、川蜀、江湖、淮岭都有。其果实酸而损齿，伤骨，引发虚热，不宜多吃，服用黄精的人尤其不相宜。其叶煮浓汁服用，已治愈休息痢。根，主治风痹。出土的不可用。五月采集黄色的果实，用火熏干制成乌梅。主治伤寒烦热及霍乱躁渴。虚劳瘦弱，产妇气痢等方：中多用之。南方：治疗劳疟体弱者的，用乌梅十四枚，豆豉二合，桃枝、柳枝各一虎口握，甘草三寸长，生姜一块，用童子小便二升，煎至七合，温服。其余药物使用尤多。又以盐杀制成白梅，也进入除痰药中使用。另外，下有杨梅条，也生长在江南、岭南。其木像荔枝，叶子细密荫浓，果实生时青熟时红，肉在核上，无皮壳。南方人腌制收藏作为果品，寄到北方：很多，现在医方：鲜少使用，所以附于此。
《圣惠方》：主治伤寒，下部生疮。用乌梅肉三两，炒令干燥，捣为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。以……至七……煎取……作……极热，纳小……水五升，寒。以三十……为伐指。以乌……打碎，水二升，煮……渐自消。经验方：……但出紫血，有红血出，胸中烦痛。乌梅十四……以乌梅肉二两，微炒为……去滓，临卧时服。鬼……氏本草：梅核明目，……与军士失道，大渴而无水……
《衍义》说：梅实，吃梅则津液泄，水生木也。津液泄，故伤齿。肾属水，外为齿，故也。王叔和曰：膀胱、肾合为津府，此语虽鄙，然理存焉。熏之为乌梅，曝干藏密器中，为白梅。
[Jishishi (Euryale Seed)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats damp-bi syndrome, pain in the lower back, spine, and knees; tonifies the middle jiao, eliminates acute diseases, benefits essence and qi, strengthens willpower, and makes the ears and eyes sharp.
Long-term consumption leads to a light body, freedom from hunger, resistance to aging, and immortality-like effects. Also known as Yanhui Shi (Goose Beak Fruit) or Qian (Qian Shi, Euryale Seed). Grows in the ponds and marshes of Leize. Harvested in August.
Tao Hongjing states: This is what is now called Jitou (Chicken Head), shaped like reeds, with flowers resembling a rooster's comb at the top, hence the name Jitou. Immortal prescription: Take this together with Lotus Seeds (Lian Zi) and consume them, which allows children to benefit more than eating water chestnuts. Chen Yuxi... [text missing] ...children eating it, not... Chen Shiliang says... assists qi. Roots...
"Tujing" states: Jishishi grows in Leize, but is now found everywhere, growing in water marshes. The leaves are as large as lotus leaves, wrinkled and thorny, commonly called Jitou Pan (Chicken Head Plate).
Harvest the fruits. Consume as... Water and Land Elixir...
Experience Prescription for Later Generations: To benefit essence and qi, strengthen willpower, and sharpen hearing and vision. Use three he of Jishishi, boil until cooked, remove shells, grind into a paste, add... "Shu"...
"Yanyi" states: Jishishi is available throughout the world today. Residents along the ponds and lakes in Hebei harvest it, pound off the skin, grind the kernels into powder, steam and make into cakes, which can be...
[Meishi (Plum Fruit)]
Taste: Sour. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly directs qi downward, eliminates heat, irritability, and fullness, calms the mind, relieves limb pain, treats hemiplegia, numbness, dead flesh, removes blue-black moles, treats malignant diseases, stops dysentery, reduces excessive salivation, and relieves dry mouth. Grows in the valleys of Hanzhong. Harvested in May, dried by fire.
Tao Hongjing states: This is also the current Wumei (Smoked Plum). When used, remove the pit and lightly roast it. For heat and irritability due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), soak in water and drink the juice. Raw plums and Bai Mei (White Plum) should be... similar. Nowadays, people often use Bai Mei mixed with medicine to apply on moles and cauterize malignant flesh. Those consuming Huangjing (Polygonatum Rhizome) are said to be forbidden from eating Meishi. Tang Benzhu states: "Bielu" says, Meigen (Plum Root) treats wind-bi; those dug out of the earth kill people. Meishi benefits sinews and vessels, removes bi-syndrome. Chen Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to "Yaoxing Lun": Mehe Ren (Plum Pit Kernel) can also be used alone, sour taste, non-toxic. Can eliminate irritability and heat. Xiao Bing states: Nowadays, people mostly smoke them to make Wumei. Meng Shen states: Wumei, excessive consumption damages teeth. Additionally, if a thorn is embedded in the flesh, chew Bai Mei and seal the wound, the thorn will come out. Additionally, for constipation with qi rushing causing a sensation of death, place ten Wumei in soup, after a moment remove the pits, pound into pills the size of dates, insert into the anus, and passage will occur shortly. Respectfully note: Split and soak in water, mix with a little honey to stop thirst, treat Huoluan (Cholera-like disorder) with abdominal discomfort and bloody dysentery. Prescription for Malaria: Used frequently. Chen Cangqi states: Besides its original functions, Meishi stops thirst. But it causes heat above the diaphragm. Wumei resolves phlegm, treats malaria and miasma, stops thirst, regulates the middle, removes cold-heat dysentery, stops vomiting and reflux. Crushed Plum Leaves (Mei Ye) washed with decoction, clothes become easy to shed. Songyangzi states: Rubbing Mei Ye with clear water to wash Jiaoge clothing prevents brittleness even in summer. I have tested it and verified its efficacy. Rihuazi states: Meizi (Plum fruit) is warm. Stops thirst. Excessive eating damages bones, corrodes spleen and stomach, causes fever. Decoction of roots and leaves treats Xixi Li (Persistent Dysentery) and Huoluan. Also states Bai Mei is warm, non-toxic. Treats knife and arrow wounds, stops bleeding, grinds and applies. Also states Wumei is warm, non-toxic. Removes labor/damage, treats bone-steaming fever, removes irritability. Astringes intestines and stops dysentery, resolves alcohol toxicity. Treats hemiplegia and skin paralysis. Removes black spots. Promotes sleep. Combined with Jian Tea and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) into pills, effectively stops persistent dysentery.
"Tujing" states: Meishi grows in the valleys of Hanzhong, but is now found in Xianghan, Chuanshu, Jianghu, and Huailing. Its fruit is sour, damages teeth, harms bones, induces deficiency heat, and should not be eaten in excess; especially unsuitable for those consuming Huangjing. Decoction of its leaves treats persistent dysentery. Roots treat wind-bi. Dug-out roots are unusable. In May, harvest yellow fruits, smoke-dry to make Wumei. Treats heat and irritability from Shanghan and restlessness/thirst from Huoluan. Prescriptions for deficiency-labor, emaciation, and postpartum qi-dysentery: frequently used. Southern region: For treating labor-malaria in the weak, use fourteen Wumei, two he of Douchi (Fermented Soybeans), one tiger-mouth grasp each of Tao Zhi (Peach Twig) and Liu Zhi (Willow Twig), three cun long Gancao (Licorice Root), one piece of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), decoct in two sheng of Tongzi Xiaon (Child's Urine) to seven he, take warm. Other medicinal uses are numerous. Salt-treated Bai Mei is also used in phlegm-resolving medicines. Additionally, there is Yangmei (Bayberry), also growing in Jiangnan and Lingnan. The tree resembles Lychee, with fine dense leaves, fruit green when raw and red when ripe, flesh on the pit, no skin/shell. Southerners pickle and store as fruit, send north: very many. Current medical prescriptions rarely use fresh ones, so attached here.
"Shenghui Fang": Treats Shanghan with sores in the lower part. Use three liang of Wumei meat, stir-fry until dry, pound into powder, refine honey into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Boil... to seven... extract... make... extremely hot, insert small... five sheng of water, cold. With thirty... as cutting finger. With Wu... crush, two sheng of water, boil... gradually self-dissolve. Experience Prescription:... only purple blood comes out, red blood comes out, chest irritability and pain. Fourteen Wumei... with two liang of Wumei meat, lightly stir-fry... filter dregs, take before sleep. Ghost... Shi Bencao: Mehe brightens eyes,... soldiers lost way, great thirst without water...
"Yanyi" states: Meishi, eating plums causes secretion of fluids, water generates wood. Fluid secretion, thus damages teeth. Kidney belongs to water, externally manifests as teeth, hence this. Wang Shuhe says: Bladder and Kidney combine to form the residence of fluids. Although this language is vulgar, the principle exists. Smoked to become Wumei, sun-dried and stored in tight vessels, becomes Bai Mei.