热痛者，二便闭赤，喜冷恶热。经云∶热留于小肠，肠中痛，瘅热焦渴，则坚干不得出
，故痛而闭不通也。宜寒宜下，勿遽补也。
《肘后》疗卒腹痛方
掘土作小坑，以水满中，搅取汁饮之瘥。
《统旨》清中汤
黄连 山栀（炒，各二钱） 陈皮 茯苓（各一钱半） 半夏（一钱，姜汤炮七次） 草豆蔻
仁（捶、研） 甘草（炙，各七分）
水二盅，姜三片，煎八分，食前服。
冷热痛者，经所谓寒气客于经脉之中，与炅气相搏则脉满，满则痛而不可按也。寒气稽
留，热气从上，则脉充大而血气乱，故痛甚不可按也。治之宜兼寒热而调之。
一方
草豆蔻（七分） 炒山栀（二钱）
上二味为末，以姜汁调粥丸服之。
苦楝丸 治奔豚小腹痛。
上三味，酒二升，煮尽为度，焙干细末之。每药末一两，入延胡索半两，全蝎一十八个
炒，丁香一十八粒，别为末和匀，酒糊丸梧子大。温酒下五十丸，空心服。
风痛者，邪风内淫肠胃，与正气相搏而痛也。其症恶风脉弦，腹中奔响急痛。仲景所谓
阳脉涩，阴脉弦，法当腹中急痛，先与小建中汤。不瘥者，与小柴胡汤是也。
小柴胡汤
柴胡 黄芩 半夏 甘草（炙） 人参 干姜 大枣
水煎服。
按∶此方宜照仲景加减法，腹痛者去黄芩，加芍药。
《和剂》抽刀散
川白姜（五两，锉，入巴豆肉一钱一字同炒至豆黑去豆） 良姜（五两，入斑蝥二十五个
，同炒至蝥黑去蝥） 石菖蒲（五两半，不炒） 糯米（六两一钱，炒黄）
上为末，每服二钱，空心温酒调下。
《仁斋直指》云∶有一田夫醉饱之余，露星取快，一枕天明。自此脾疼攻刺，百药罔
效。
淹淹数载。后遇至人授以抽刀散，数服顿愈。则知风露之根，入在脾胃，良姜、菖蒲为能散
其邪，巴、蝥借气为能伐其根，观此可以通一毕万矣。然而痛不复作，养脾之剂，独不可继
是而调理之乎？疗病如濯衣，必去其垢污，而后可以加浆 。医者意也，请借是以为喻。
热痛，表现为大小便闭塞且颜色红赤，患者喜欢寒冷而厌恶炎热。《内经》说：热邪滞留于小肠，导致肠中疼痛，若热盛灼伤津液致焦渴，则大便坚硬干燥无法排出，因此出现疼痛且大便闭结不通的症状。治疗应当使用寒凉药物并通下，不要急于进补。
《肘后备急方》治疗突发腹痛的方剂：
挖掘一个小土坑，注满水，搅拌后取汁饮用，病即可痊愈。
《统旨》清中汤：
黄连、山栀（炒，各二钱）、陈皮、茯苓（各一钱半）、半夏（一钱，用姜汤炮制七次）、草豆蔻仁（捣碎、研磨）、甘草（炙，各七分）。
用水两盅，生姜三片，煎至八分，饭前服用。
冷热痛，即《内经》所说的寒气客居于经脉之中，与热气相互搏结，导致脉道充盈胀满，胀满则疼痛且不可按压。若寒气稽留不去，热气从上而来，则脉象充大而气血紊乱，因此疼痛剧烈且不可按压。治疗应当兼顾寒热进行调理。
一方：
草豆蔻（七分）、炒山栀（二钱）。
将上述两味药研为细末，用姜汁调和米粥制成丸剂服用。
苦楝丸：治疗奔豚引起的少腹疼痛。
以上三味药（指前文提到的草豆蔻、山栀等，此处原文略有省略，依文意理解为前述药物或特定组合），用酒两升，煮至酒尽为止，焙干后研为细末。每取药末一两，加入延胡索半两、全蝎十八个（炒）、丁香十八粒，分别研为细末后混合均匀，用酒糊制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。空腹时温酒送服五十丸。
风痛，是邪风内侵肠胃，与正气相互搏结而产生的疼痛。其症状表现为怕风、脉弦，腹中有奔响声且急迫疼痛。张仲景所说“阳脉涩，阴脉弦”，按照法度应当出现腹中急痛，先给予小建中汤治疗。如果未愈，再给予小柴胡汤治疗。
小柴胡汤：
柴胡、黄芩、半夏、甘草（炙）、人参、干姜、大枣。
用水煎服。
按语：此方宜参照张仲景的加减法，若腹痛者，去掉黄芩，加入芍药。
《和剂局方》抽刀散：
川白姜（五两，锉碎，与巴豆肉一钱一字同炒至豆子变黑，去豆）、良姜（五两，与斑蝥二十五个同炒至斑蝥变黑，去蝥）、石菖蒲（五两半，不炒）、糯米（六两一钱，炒黄）。
将上述药物研为细末，每次服用二钱，空腹时用温酒调服。
《仁斋直指方》记载：有一位农夫在醉饱之后，露天躺卧以图爽快，一觉睡到天明。从此脾脏疼痛如针刺，各种药物均无效。
拖延了数年。后来遇到高人传授抽刀散，服用几次后立刻痊愈。由此可知风露之邪根植于脾胃，良姜、石菖蒲能够驱散其邪气，巴豆、斑蝥借其气机能够铲除其病根，观察这个案例可以举一反三。然而疼痛不再发作，难道就不应该继之以调理脾胃的药物来养护吗？治病如同洗衣服，必须去除污垢，然后才能上浆。医者在于心意领会，请允许借用这个比喻来说明道理。
Heat pain is characterized by the obstruction and reddish color of both urination and defecation, with a preference for cold and aversion to heat. The Classics state: "When heat remains in the small intestine, it causes pain in the intestines; if excessive heat scorches and causes thirst, the stool becomes hard and dry and cannot be expelled, thus causing pain and obstruction." Treatment should involve cooling and purging methods; do not rush to tonify.
*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up My Sleeve) formula for sudden abdominal pain:
Dig a small pit in the earth, fill it with water, stir to extract the juice, and drink it to cure the condition.
*Tong Zhi* Qing Zhong Tang (Clear the Middle Decoction):
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhi, stir-fried, 2 qian each); Tangerine Peel (Chenpi), Poria (Fuling, 1.5 qian each); Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia, 1 qian, processed seven times with ginger juice); Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen (Caodoukou Ren, crushed and ground); Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, roasted, 0.7 qian each).
Decoct two cups of water with three slices of ginger until reduced to 0.8 cup; take before meals.
Cold-Heat Pain refers to what the Classics describe as: "When cold qi lodges in the meridians and struggles with heat qi, the vessels become full; when full, there is pain that cannot be pressed." If cold qi lingers and heat qi rises from above, the vessels become distended and large, and blood and qi become chaotic, resulting in severe pain that cannot be pressed. Treatment should harmonize both cold and heat.
Another Formula:
Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen (Caodoukou, 0.7 qian), Stir-fried Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhi, 2 qian).
Grind these two ingredients into powder, mix with ginger juice and congee to form pills, and take orally.
Kuluan Wan (Melia Toosendan Pill): Treats Ben Tun (Rushing Pig) syndrome with lower abdominal pain.
Take the aforementioned three ingredients, boil in two sheng of wine until the wine is exhausted, dry by baking, and grind into fine powder. For every one liang of this powder, add half a liang of Corydalis Rhizoma (Yanhusuo), eighteen fried Scorpio (Quanxie), and eighteen grains of Syzygium Aromaticum (Dingxiang); grind separately into powder and mix evenly. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using wine paste. Take fifty pills with warm wine on an empty stomach.
Wind Pain is caused by pathogenic wind invading the intestines and stomach internally, struggling with healthy qi to cause pain. Symptoms include aversion to wind and a wiry pulse, with rushing sounds in the abdomen and urgent pain. Zhang Zhongjing stated: "When the yang pulse is choppy and the yin pulse is wiry, according to the method, there should be urgent abdominal pain; first administer Xiao Jian Zhong Tang. If not cured, administer Xiao Chai Hu Tang."
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction):
Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia), Roasted Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao).
Decoct in water and take orally.
Note: This formula should follow Zhang Zhongjing's modification rules; for abdominal pain, remove Scutellariae Radix and add Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao).
He Ji Ju Fang* Chou Dao San (Drawing Knife Powder):
Chuan Bai Jiang (Sichuan White Ginger, 5 liang, chopped and stir-fried together with one qian and one zi of Crotonis Fructus (Badou) meat until the beans turn black, then discard the beans); Galangal Rhizome (Liangjiang, 5 liang, stir-fried together with twenty-five Mylabris (Banmao) until they turn black, then discard the insects); Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shichangpu, 5.5 liang, not stir-fried); Glucinis Semen (Nuomi, 6 liang and one qian, stir-fried until yellow).
Grind all ingredients into powder. Take two qian per dose, mixed with warm wine on an empty stomach.
*Renzhi Zhizhi Fang* records: A farmer lay exposed under the stars after a heavy meal and drunkenness to cool off, sleeping until dawn. Since then, he suffered from stabbing spleen pain, and all medicines failed.
After several years of lingering illness, he met a wise person who taught him Chou Dao San. After a few doses, he was instantly cured. This shows that the root of wind and dew pathogens lies in the spleen and stomach; Galangal Rhizome and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma can disperse the pathogen, while Crotonis Fructus and Mylabris leverage their qi to eradicate the root. Observing this case allows one to understand the principle through analogy. However, since the pain has not recurred, should one not continue with formulas to nourish the spleen for regulation? Treating disease is like washing clothes; one must remove the dirt before applying starch. Medicine relies on mental comprehension; I borrow this metaphor to illustrate.