黄帝问曰∶五运更治，上应天期，阴阳往复，寒暑迎随，真邪相薄，内外分离，六经波荡，五气倾移，太过
过不及，专胜兼并，愿言其始，而有常名，可得闻乎？岐伯稽首再拜对曰∶昭乎哉问也！是明道也。此上帝
所贵，先师传之，臣虽不敏，往闻其旨。帝曰∶余闻得其人不教，是谓失道，传非其人，慢泄天宝。余诚菲
德，未足以受至道；然而众子哀其不终，愿夫子保于无穷，流于无极，余司其事，则而行之奈何？岐伯曰∶
请遂言之也。《上经》曰∶夫道者，上知天文，下知地
理，中知人事，可以长久。此之谓也。帝曰∶何谓也？岐伯曰∶本气位也。位天者，天文也。位地者，地
理也。通于人气之变化者，人事也。故太过者先天，不及者后天，所谓治化而人应之也。帝曰∶五运之化，
太过何如？岐伯曰∶岁木太过，风气流行，脾土受邪。民病飧泄食减，体重烦冤，肠鸣腹支满，上应岁星。
甚则忽忽善怒，眩冒巅疾。化气不政，生气独治，云物飞动，草木不宁，甚而摇落，反胁痛而吐甚，冲阳绝
者死不治，上应太白星。
岁火太过，炎暑流行，肺金受邪。民病疟，少气咳喘，血溢血泄注下，嗌燥耳聋，中热肩背热，上应荧
惑星。甚则胸中痛，胁支满胁痛，膺背肩胛间痛，两臂内痛，身热骨痛而为浸淫。收气不行，长气独明，雨
水霜寒，上应辰星。上临少阴少阳，火燔 ，水泉涸，物焦槁，病反谵妄狂越，咳喘息鸣，下甚
血溢泄不已，太渊绝者死不治，上应荧惑星。
岁土太过，雨湿流行，肾水受邪。民病腹痛，清厥意不乐，体重烦冤，上应镇星。甚则肌肉萎，足痿不收，
行善 ，脚下痛，饮发中满食减，四肢不举。变生得位，脏气伏，化气独治之，泉涌河衍，涸泽生鱼，风雨大
至，土崩溃，鳞见于陆，病腹满溏泄肠鸣，反下甚而太溪绝者死不治，上应岁星。
岁金太过，燥气流行，肝木受邪。民病两胁下少腹痛，目赤痛 疡，耳无所闻。肃杀而甚，则体重烦冤，
胸痛引背，两胁满且痛引少腹，上应太白星。甚则喘咳逆气，肩背痛，尻阴股膝髀 足皆病，上应荧惑星。
收气峻，生气下，草木敛，苍干雕陨，病反暴痛， 胁不可反侧，咳逆甚而血溢，太冲绝者死不治，上应太白
星。
岁水太过，寒气流行，邪害心火。民病身热烦心躁悸，阴厥上下中寒，谵妄心痛，寒气早至，上应辰
星。甚则腹大胫肿，喘咳，寝汗出憎风，大雨至，埃雾朦郁，上应镇星。上临太阳，则雨冰雪，霜不时降，
湿气变物，病反腹满肠鸣，溏泄食不化，渴而妄冒，神门绝者死不治，上应荧惑、辰星。
帝曰∶善。其不及何如？岐伯曰∶悉乎哉问也！岁木不及，燥乃大行，生气失应，草木晚荣，肃杀而甚，
则刚木辟着，柔萎苍干，上应太白星，民病中清， 胁痛，少腹痛，肠鸣溏泄，凉雨时至，上应太白星，其谷
苍。上临阳明，生气失政，草木再荣，化气乃急，上应太白、镇星，其主苍早。复则炎暑流火，
湿性燥，柔脆草木焦槁，下体再生，华实齐化，病寒热疮疡 胗痈痤，上应荧惑、太白，其谷白坚。白露早
降，收杀气行，寒雨害物，虫食甘黄，脾土受邪，赤气后化，心气晚治，上胜肺金，白气乃屈，其谷不成，咳
而鼽，上应荧惑、太白星。
岁火不及，寒乃大行，长政不用，物荣而下，凝惨而甚，则阳气不化，乃折荣美，上应辰星，民病胸中
痛，胁支满，两胁痛，膺背肩胛间及两臂内痛，郁冒
朦昧，心痛暴喑，胸腹大，胁下与腰背相引而痛，甚则屈不能伸，髋髀如别，上应荧惑、辰星，其谷丹。
复则埃郁，大雨且至，黑气乃辱，病 溏腹满，食饮不下，寒中肠鸣，泄注腹痛，暴挛痿痹，足不任身，上应
镇星、辰星，玄谷不成。
岁土不及，风乃大行，化气不令，草木茂荣，飘扬而甚，秀而不实，上应岁星，民病飧泄霍乱，体重腹
痛，筋骨繇复，肌肉 酸，善怒，脏气举事，蛰虫早附，咸病寒中，上应岁星、镇星，其谷 。复则收政严峻，
名木苍雕，胸胁暴痛，下引少腹，善大息，虫食甘黄，气
客于脾， 谷乃减，民食少失味，苍谷乃损，上应太白、岁星。上临厥阴，流水不冰，蛰虫来见，脏气不
用，白乃不复，上应岁星，民乃康。
岁金不及，炎火乃行，生气乃用，长气专胜，庶物以茂，燥烁以行，上应荧惑星，民病肩背瞀重，鼽嚏
血便注下，收气乃后，上应太白星，其谷坚芒。复则寒雨暴至，乃零冰雹霜雪杀物，阴厥且格，阳反上行，
头脑户痛，延及囟顶发热，上应辰星，丹谷不成，
民病口疮，甚则心痛。
岁水不及，湿乃大行，长气反用，其化乃速，暑雨数至，上应镇星，民病腹满身重，濡泄寒疡流水，腰股
痛发， 股膝不便，烦冤足痿清厥，脚下痛，甚则跗肿，脏气不政，肾气不衡，上应辰星，其谷 。上临
太阴，则大寒数举，蛰虫早藏，地积坚冰，阳光不治，民病寒疾于下，甚则腹满浮肿，上应镇星，其主 谷。
复则大风暴发，草偃木零，生长不鲜，面色时变，筋骨并辟，肉 螈，目视KT KT ，物疏璺，肌肉胗发，
气并膈中，痛于心腹，黄气乃损，其谷不登，上应岁星。
帝曰∶善。愿闻其时也。岐伯曰∶悉哉问也！木不及，春有鸣条律畅之化，则秋有雾露清凉之政，春有惨
凄残贼之胜，则夏有炎暑燔烁之复，其眚东，其脏肝，其病内舍 胁，外在关节。火不及，夏有炳明光显之
化，则冬有严肃霜寒之政，夏有惨凄凝冽之胜，则不时有埃昏大雨之复，其眚南，其脏心，其病内舍膺胁，外
在经络。土不及，四维有埃云润泽之化，则春有鸣条鼓拆之政，四维发振拉飘腾之变，则秋有肃杀霖霪之复，
其眚四维，其脏脾，其病内舍心腹，外在肌肉四肢。金不及，夏有光显郁蒸之令，则冬有严凝整肃之应，
夏有炎烁燔燎之变，则秋有冰雹霜雪之复，其眚西，其脏肺，其病内舍膺胁肩背，外在皮毛。水不及，四维有
湍润埃云之化，则不时有和风生发之应，四维发埃昏骤注之变，则不时有瓢荡振拉之复，其
眚北，其脏肾，其病内舍腰脊骨髓，外在溪谷 膝。夫五运之政，犹权衡也，高者抑之，下者举之，化者
应之，变者复之，此生长化成收藏之理，气之常也，失常则天地四塞矣。故曰∶天地之动静，神明为之纪，阴
阳之往复，寒暑彰其兆。此之谓也。
帝曰∶夫子之言五气之变，四时之应，可谓悉矣。夫气之动乱，触遇而作，发无常会，卒然灾合，何以期
之？岐伯曰∶夫气之动变，固不常在，而德化政令灾变，不同其候也。帝曰∶何谓也？岐伯曰∶东方生风，风
生木，其德敷和，其化生荣，其政舒启，其令风，其变振发，其灾散落。南方生热，热生火，其德彰显，其化
蕃茂，其政明曜，其令热，其变销烁，其灾燔 。
中央生湿，湿生土，其德溽蒸，其化丰备，其政安静，其令湿，其变骤注，其灾霖溃。西方生燥，燥生金，其
德清洁，其化紧敛，其政劲切，其令燥，其变肃杀，其灾苍陨。北方生寒，寒生水，其德凄沧，其化清谧，其
政凝肃，其令寒，其变 冽，其灾冰雪霜雹。是以察其动也，有德有化，有政有令，有变有灾，而物由之，而
人应之也。帝曰∶夫子之言岁候，其不及太过，而上应五星。今夫德化政令，灾眚变易，非常而有也，卒然而
动，其亦为之变乎。岐伯曰∶承天而行之，故无妄动，无不应也。卒然而动者，气之交变也，其不应焉。故曰∶
应常不应卒。此之谓也。帝曰∶其应
奈何？岐伯曰∶各从其气化也。帝曰∶其行之徐疾逆顺何如？岐伯曰∶以道留久，逆守而小，是谓省下。以
道而去，去而速来，曲而过之，是谓省遗过也。久留而环，或离或附，是谓议灾与其德也。应近则小，应远
则大。芒而大倍常之一，其化甚；大常之二，其眚即发也。小常之一，其化减；小常之二，是谓临视，省下之
过与其德也。德者福之，过者伐之。是以象之见也，高而远则小，下而近则大，故大则喜怒迩，小则祸福
远。岁运太过，则运星北越，运气相得，则各行以道。故岁运太过，畏星失色而兼其母，不及，则色兼其
所不胜。肖者瞿瞿，莫知其妙，闵闵之当，孰者为良，妄行无征，示畏侯王。帝曰∶其灾应何如？岐伯曰∶
亦各从其化也，故时至有盛衰，凌犯有逆顺，留守有多少，形见有善恶，宿属有胜负，征应有吉凶矣。帝曰∶
其善恶何谓也？岐伯曰∶有喜有怒，有
忧有丧，有泽有燥，此象之常也，必谨察之。帝曰∶六者高下异乎？岐伯曰∶象见高下，其应一也，故人亦
应之。帝曰∶善。其德化政令之动静损益皆何如？岐伯曰∶夫德化政令灾变，不能相加也。胜复盛衰，不能
相多也。往来小大，不能相过也。用之升降，不能相无也。各从其动而复之耳。帝曰∶其病生何如？岐伯曰∶
德化者气之祥，政令者气之章，变易者复之纪，灾眚者伤之始，气相胜者和，不相胜者病，重感于邪则甚也。
帝曰∶善。所谓精光之论，大圣之业，宣明大道，通于无穷，究于无极也。余闻之，善言天者，必应于人，
善言古者，必验于今，善言
气者，必彰于物，善言应者，同天地之化，善言化言变者，通神明之理，非夫子孰能言至道欤！乃择良兆而藏
之灵室，每旦读之，命曰《气交变》，非斋戒不敢发，慎传也。
黄帝问道：五运交替主事，上应合天时的周期，阴阳往复循环，寒暑迎随更替，真气与邪气相互搏击，内外分离，六经波动动荡，五气倾侧移易，出现太过、不及、专胜、兼并等情况。我想了解这些变化的起始规律，它们有固定的名称，可以讲给我听吗？
岐伯叩头拜了两下回答说：问得真高明啊！这是阐明大道的提问。这是上帝所重视的，由先师传承下来的，我虽然不聪敏，但以前曾听闻过其中的旨意。
黄帝说：我听说得到合适的人却不教导他，这叫失道；传授给不合适的人，就是轻慢泄露了天宝。我确实德行浅薄，不足以承受至高无上的大道；然而众百姓哀怜他们不能善终，希望先生能保全这无穷无尽的大道，流传于无极之中，我来主管此事，按照它去施行，怎么样？
岐伯说：请让我接着说说吧。《上经》说：所谓道，就是上知天文，下知地理，中知人事，这样可以长久。说的就是这个道理。
黄帝说：这是什么意思呢？
岐伯说：这是以本气的位置而言的。处于天位的是天文，处于地位的是地理，通晓人气变化的是人事。所以，运气太过的会先于时令而至，运气不及的会后于时令而至，这就是治理化育而人随之感应的道理。
岐伯说：岁木太过，风气流行，脾土受邪。百姓患病表现为完谷不化的泄泻、食欲减退、身体沉重、心中烦闷抑郁、肠鸣腹胀，上应岁星（木星）。严重时则情绪恍惚易怒、头晕目眩、头顶疾病。化气（湿）不能施政，生气（风）独自治理，云物飞动，草木不安宁，甚至摇落凋零，反而出现胁痛和呕吐严重，冲阳脉绝者死且不可治，上应太白星（金星）。
岁火太过，炎热暑气流行，肺金受邪。百姓患病疟疾、少气咳喘、吐血便血、腹泻、咽喉干燥、耳聋、胸中热、肩背热，上应荧惑星（火星）。严重时胸中痛、胁肋胀满疼痛、胸部背部肩胛间疼痛、两臂内侧疼痛、身体发热骨痛并发生浸淫疮疡。收气（燥）不行，长气（火）独明，雨水霜寒出现，上应辰星（水星）。如果火气临于少阴或少阳经，如火焚烧，水泉干涸，物体焦枯，病症反而出现谵语狂妄、咳喘息鸣，下部严重则吐血腹泻不止，太渊脉绝者死且不可治，上应荧惑星。
岁土太过，雨湿流行，肾水受邪。百姓患病腹痛、四肢厥冷、心情不悦、身体沉重烦闷，上应镇星（土星）。严重时肌肉萎缩、足部痿弱无力行走、容易抽筋、脚下疼痛、饮水停聚导致中脘胀满、食欲减退、四肢不能举动。变生得位，脏气潜伏，化气独自治理，泉水涌出河水泛滥，干涸的沼泽生出鱼，风雨大作，土壤崩塌，鳞介之虫出现在陆地上，病症为腹部胀满、溏泄肠鸣，下部严重且太溪脉绝者死且不可治，上应岁星。
岁金太过，燥气流行，肝木受邪。百姓患病两胁下及少腹疼痛、眼睛红痛生疮疡、耳朵听不见声音。肃杀之气严重，则身体沉重烦闷、胸痛牵引背部、两胁胀满且疼痛牵引少腹，上应太白星。严重时喘咳逆气、肩背痛、尻部阴部大腿膝盖小腿脚都发病，上应荧惑星。收气峻急，生气下沉，草木收敛，青色干枯凋落，病症反而突发疼痛，胁肋不能反侧，咳逆严重而吐血，太冲脉绝者死且不可治，上应太白星。
岁水太过，寒气流行，邪气伤害心火。百姓患病身体发热、心烦躁动心悸、阴厥上下中寒、谵妄心痛、寒气早至，上应辰星。严重时腹部肿大、小腿肿胀、喘咳、睡中出汗怕风、大雨来临、尘埃雾气朦胧郁积，上应镇星。如果水气临于太阳经，则下雨冰雪，霜不时降落，湿气改变万物，病症反而腹部胀满肠鸣、溏泄食物不消化、口渴且神志昏乱，神门脉绝者死且不可治，上应荧惑星、辰星。
岐伯说：问得真详尽啊！岁木不及，燥气大行，生气失去应时，草木晚荣，肃杀之气严重，则刚硬的树木被摧折，柔弱的枯萎苍老干枯，上应太白星。百姓患病中焦清冷、胁肋痛、少腹痛、肠鸣溏泄，凉雨时至，上应太白星，对应的谷物颜色青。如果金气临于阳明经，生气失政，草木再次繁荣，化气（湿）变得急迫，上应太白星、镇星，其主色为青，主旱灾。复气则为炎暑流火，湿气性质变得燥烈，柔脆的草木焦枯，下部再生，花实同时化育，病症为寒热疮疡疹痈痤，上应荧惑星、太白星，对应的谷物白色坚实。白露早降，收杀气运行，寒雨损害万物，虫子吃甘黄的谷物，脾土受邪，赤气（火）后化，心气晚治，上胜肺金，白气（金）受屈，对应的谷物不成，咳嗽且鼻塞流涕，上应荧惑星、太白星。
岁火不及，寒气大行，长政不用，万物繁荣而后衰败，凝惨严重，则阳气不化，乃折断荣华美丽，上应辰星。百姓患病胸中痛、胁肋胀满、两胁痛、胸部背部肩胛间及两臂内侧痛、郁闷眩晕视物模糊、心痛突然失音、胸腹大、胁下与腰背相引而痛，严重时弯曲不能伸直、髋部大腿像分开一样，上应荧惑星、辰星，对应的谷物红色。复气则为埃尘郁结，大雨将至，黑气受辱，病症为溏泄腹满、饮食不下、寒中肠鸣、泄注腹痛、突然痉挛痿痹、足不能支撑身体，上应镇星、辰星，黑色的谷物不成。
岁土不及，风气大行，化气不令，草木茂荣，飘扬严重，开花而不结实，上应岁星。百姓患病完谷不化的泄泻、霍乱、身体沉重腹痛、筋骨动摇、肌肉酸痛、易怒，脏气举事，蛰虫早附，都病寒中，上应岁星、镇星，对应的谷物黄色。复气则为收政严峻，高大的树木苍老凋落，胸胁突发疼痛，向下牵引少腹，喜欢长叹息，虫子吃甘黄的谷物，客气侵犯脾，黄色的谷物减少，百姓吃得少味觉丧失，青色的谷物受损，上应太白星、岁星。如果厥阴风木临于土，流水不结冰，蛰虫出来见，脏气不用，白色（金）不再恢复，上应岁星，百姓得以安康。
岁金不及，炎火乃行，生气乃用，长气专胜，万物茂盛，燥烁运行，上应荧惑星。百姓患病肩背沉重、鼻塞喷嚏、便血腹泻，收气滞后，上应太白星，对应的谷物坚硬带芒。复气则为寒雨暴至，零落冰雹霜雪杀伤万物，阴厥且格拒，阳气反上行，头脑后部疼痛，延及囟顶发热，上应辰星，红色的谷物不成，百姓患病口疮，严重时心痛。
岁水不及，湿气大行，长气反用，其化育迅速，暑雨多次到来，上应镇星。百姓患病腹部胀满身体沉重、濡泄寒疡流水、腰股痛发作、大腿膝盖不便、烦闷足痿厥冷、脚下疼痛，严重时足背浮肿，脏气不政，肾气不衡，上应辰星，对应的谷物黑色。如果太阴湿土临于水，则大寒屡次兴起，蛰虫早藏，地面积坚冰，阳光不治，百姓患病下部寒疾，严重时腹满浮肿，上应镇星，其主黑色的谷物。复气则为大风暴发，草倒木落，生长不鲜，面色时时变化，筋骨拘挛，肌肉抽搐，视力模糊，物体疏裂，肌肉疹发，气并膈中，心痛腹疼，黄气受损，对应的谷物不收，上应岁星。
黄帝说：好。我希望了解其时间规律。
岐伯说：问得真透彻啊！木气不及，春天有鸣条律畅的化育，则秋天有雾露清凉的政令；春天有凄惨残贼的胜气，则夏天有炎热暑气的复气，其灾害在东方，其脏在肝，其病内舍胁肋，外在关节。火气不及，夏天有炳明光显的化育，则冬天有严肃霜寒的政令；夏天有凄惨凝冽的胜气，则不时有埃昏大雨的复气，其灾害在南方，其脏在心，其病内舍膺胁，外在经络。土气不及，四维（四季末月）有埃云润泽的化育，则春天有鸣条鼓拆的政令；四维发生振拉飘腾的变化，则秋天有肃杀霖霪的复气，其灾害在四维，其脏在脾，其病内舍心腹，外在肌肉四肢。金气不及，夏天有光显郁蒸的政令，则冬天有严凝整肃的应验；夏天有炎烁燔燎的变化，则秋天有冰雹霜雪的复气，其灾害在西方，其脏在肺，其病内舍膺胁肩背，外在皮毛。水气不及，四维有湍润埃云的化育，则不时有和风生发的应验；四维发生埃昏骤注的变化，则不时有瓢荡振拉的复气，其灾害在北方，其脏在肾，其病内舍腰脊骨髓，外在溪谷膝关节。
五运的政令，就像权衡一样，高的压低它，低的抬起它，化育的顺应它，变化的报复它，这是生长化成收藏的道理，是气的常规，失常则天地四方闭塞了。所以说：天地的动静，神明为之纲纪，阴阳的往复，寒暑彰显其征兆。说的就是这个道理。
黄帝说：先生所说的五气变化、四时应验，可以说很详尽了。但气的动乱，触遇而作，发作没有固定的时刻，突然灾祸合并，如何预测它呢？
黄帝说：这是什么意思？
岐伯说：东方生风，风生木，其德敷布平和，其化生育繁荣，其政舒展开启，其令为风，其变为振发，其灾为散落。南方生热，热生火，其德彰显，其化蕃盛茂密，其政明曜，其令为热，其变为销烁，其灾为焚烧。中央生湿，湿生土，其德溽蒸，其化丰备，其政安静，其令为湿，其变为骤注，其灾为霖溃。西方生燥，燥生金，其德清洁，其化紧敛，其政劲切，其令为燥，其变为肃杀，其灾为苍老陨落。北方生寒，寒生水，其德凄沧，其化清谧，其政凝肃，其令为寒，其变为凛冽，其灾为冰雪霜雹。因此观察它的变动，有德有化，有政有令，有变有灾，万物由此产生，人也随之感应。
黄帝说：先生所说岁候的不及太过，上应五星。现在德化政令，灾眚变易，不是常规的而有，突然而动，它们也会随之变化吗？
岐伯说：承奉天道而行，所以不会妄动，没有不应验的。突然而动的，是气的交变，它不应验常象。所以说：应常不应卒。说的就是这个道理。
黄帝说：它的应验是怎样的？
岐伯说：各自顺从其气化。
黄帝说：它运行的快慢逆顺怎样？
岐伯说：如果在轨道上停留很久，逆行守位且小，这叫省察过失。如果在轨道上离去，离去后速来，曲折而过，这叫省察遗留的过失。停留很久环绕，或离或附，这叫议定灾难与其德。应验近则小，应验远则大。光芒大比平常大一倍，其化育严重；大平常二倍，其灾害立即发生。小比平常小一倍，其化育减少；小平常二倍，这叫临视，省察过失与德。德者赐福，过者惩罚。因此星的显现，高而远则小，下而近则大，所以大则喜怒近，小则祸福远。岁运太过，则运星向北越过，运气相得，则各行其道。所以岁运太过，畏星失色且兼及其母星之色；不及，则色兼及其所不胜之星的颜色。观看的人惊视，不知道奥妙，深切担忧，谁是好兆头？妄行无征，示警侯王。
黄帝说：它的灾应怎样？
岐伯说：也各自顺从其气化，所以时令有盛衰，凌犯有逆顺，留守有多有少，形见有善有恶，宿属有胜负，征应有吉有凶。
黄帝说：什么是善恶？
岐伯说：有喜有怒，有忧有丧，有泽有燥，这是星象的常态，必须仔细考察。
黄帝说：这六者在高下上有区别吗？
岐伯说：星象显现高下，其应验是一样的，所以人也随之感应。
岐伯说：德化政令灾变，不能相加。胜复盛衰，不能相多。往来大小，不能相过。用之升降，不能相无。各自顺从其动而报复罢了。
黄帝说：它的病生是怎样的？
岐伯说：德化是气的吉祥，政令是气的章明，变易是报复的纲纪，灾眚是伤害的开始，气相胜则和，不相胜则病，重感于邪则严重。
黄帝说：好。所谓精光的论述，大圣的事业，宣明大道，通于无穷，究于无极。我听说，善于言天的人，必应于人；善于言古的人，必验于今；善于言气的人，必彰于物；善于言应的人，同天地之化；善于言化言变的人，通神明之理，除了先生谁能言至道呢！于是选择良兆藏在灵室，每天早晨读它，命名为《气交变》，不斋戒不敢发表，慎重传授。
Huangdi asked: The Five Movements (Wu Yun) alternate in governance, corresponding to the heavenly cycles. Yin and Yang cycle back and forth, cold and heat follow each other. True Qi and pathogenic factors clash, internal and external separate, the Six Meridians are disturbed, and the Five Qi shift. There are conditions of excess, deficiency, exclusive dominance, and combined invasion. I wish to know their origins; they have fixed names. May I hear about them?
Qibo bowed twice and replied: What an insightful question! This elucidates the Great Dao. It is valued by the Supreme Deity and transmitted by former masters. Though I am not wise, I have heard its purport before.
Huangdi said: I have heard that if one obtains a suitable person but does not teach them, it is called losing the Way; transmitting to an unsuitable person is considered negligent leakage of Heavenly Treasures. My virtue is indeed meager, insufficient to receive the Supreme Dao; yet the multitude mourns their untimely deaths. I hope you will preserve this infinite Dao, let it flow to the boundless, and I will manage its affairs and act according to it. How should we proceed?
Qibo said: Please allow me to continue. The *Shang Jing* (Classic of Antiquity) states: "The Dao means knowing astronomy above, geography below, and human affairs in between, thereby achieving longevity." This is what is meant.
Huangdi said: What does this mean?
Qibo said: It refers to the position of the Original Qi. Those positioned in Heaven constitute Astronomy; those positioned on Earth constitute Geography; understanding the changes in Human Qi constitutes Human Affairs. Therefore, Excess arrives before the season, and Deficiency arrives after the season. This is how governance and transformation respond to humans.
Huangdi said: Regarding the transformations of the Five Movements, what is the condition of Excess?
Qibo said: In a year of Wood Excess, Wind Qi prevails, and Spleen Earth suffers from pathogens. People suffer from undigested diarrhea, reduced appetite, heavy body, vexation, borborygmus, and abdominal distension. Above, it corresponds to Jupiter (Sui Xing). Severely, there is irritability, dizziness, and cephalic diseases. Transformation Qi (Dampness) fails to govern, while Growth Qi (Wind) rules alone. Clouds move, grass and trees are restless, even falling. Conversely, there is hypochondriac pain and severe vomiting. If the Chongyang pulse vanishes, death is incurable. Above, it corresponds to Venus (Tai Bai Xing).
In a year of Fire Excess, intense heat prevails, and Lung Metal suffers from pathogens. People suffer from malaria, shortness of breath, cough, asthma, hematemesis, hematochezia, diarrhea, dry throat, deafness, central heat, and shoulder/back heat. Above, it corresponds to Mars (Ying Huo Xing). Severely, there is chest pain, hypochondriac fullness and pain, anterior chest, back, and scapular pain, and inner arm pain. The body is hot, bones ache, and spreading sores occur. Gathering Qi (Dryness) fails to move, while Longing Qi (Fire) shines alone. Rain, dew, frost, and cold appear. Above, it corresponds to Mercury (Chen Xing). If Fire descends upon Shaoyin or Shaoyang meridians, flames burn, springs dry up, and objects scorch. Symptoms reverse to delirium, mania, cough with wheezing, and severe lower body bleeding/diarrhea. If the Taiyuan pulse vanishes, death is incurable. Above, it corresponds to Mars.
In a year of Earth Excess, rain and dampness prevail, and Kidney Water suffers from pathogens. People suffer from abdominal pain, cold extremities, unhappiness, heavy body, and vexation. Above, it corresponds to Saturn (Zhen Xing). Severely, muscles atrophy, legs are weak and unsteady, frequent cramps occur, foot pain arises, fluid retention causes epigastric fullness, appetite decreases, and limbs cannot be moved. When change occurs in its proper place, Zang Qi lies dormant, and Transformation Qi rules alone. Springs surge, rivers overflow, dried marshes breed fish, great wind and rain arrive, soil collapses, and scaled creatures appear on land. Symptoms include abdominal fullness, loose stools, and borborygmus. Severe lower body symptoms with vanishing Taixi pulse indicate incurable death. Above, it corresponds to Jupiter.
In a year of Metal Excess, Dryness prevails, and Liver Wood suffers from pathogens. People suffer from pain in the hypochondrium and lower abdomen, red painful eyes with ulcers, and hearing loss. Severe desiccation leads to heavy body, vexation, chest pain radiating to the back, hypochondriac fullness and pain radiating to the lower abdomen. Above, it corresponds to Venus. Severely, there is wheezing, cough, and counterflow Qi, shoulder/back pain, and disease in the sacrum, yin region, thighs, knees, calves, and feet. Above, it corresponds to Mars. Gathering Qi is harsh, Growth Qi sinks, grass and trees contract, green colors wither and fall. Symptoms reverse to sudden pain, inability to turn the side, severe cough with hematemesis. If the Taichong pulse vanishes, death is incurable. Above, it corresponds to Venus.
In a year of Water Excess, Cold prevails, and pathogenic factors harm Heart Fire. People suffer from fever, vexation, restlessness, palpitations, Yin reversal, cold in upper/lower/middle parts, delirium, and heart pain. Cold arrives early. Above, it corresponds to Mercury. Severely, there is abdominal swelling, leg edema, cough, nocturnal sweating, aversion to wind, heavy rain, and misty dust. Above, it corresponds to Saturn. If Water descends upon the Taiyang meridian, rain and snow/ice occur, frost falls irregularly, and dampness alters things. Symptoms reverse to abdominal fullness, borborygmus, loose stools with undigested food, thirst, and confusion. If the Shenmen pulse vanishes, death is incurable. Above, it corresponds to Mars and Mercury.
Huangdi said: Good. What about Deficiency?
Qibo said: Your question is thorough. In a year of Wood Deficiency, Dryness prevails greatly. Growth Qi loses its timing; grass and trees bloom late. Desiccation is severe; rigid trees break, soft ones wither. Above, it corresponds to Venus. People suffer from middle-cold, hypochondriac pain, lower abdominal pain, borborygmus, and loose stools. Cool rains arrive. Above, it corresponds to Venus. The associated grain is green. If Metal descends upon Yangming, Growth Qi fails to govern, grass and trees bloom again, Transformation Qi becomes urgent. Above, it corresponds to Venus and Saturn. The dominant color is green, indicating drought. The Rebounding Qi is summer heat and flowing fire. Dampness takes on a dry nature; fragile grass and trees scorch. Lower bodies regenerate; flowers and fruits mature together. Symptoms include chills, fever, sores, ulcers, rashes, carbuncles, and furuncles. Above, it corresponds to Mars and Venus. The associated grain is white and hard. White Dew falls early; Gathering Qi acts; cold rain harms crops. Worms eat sweet/yellow grains; Spleen Earth suffers. Red Qi transforms late; Heart Qi treats late. Upper wins over Lung Metal; White Qi is suppressed. Associated grains fail to form. Symptoms include cough and nasal congestion. Above, it corresponds to Mars and Venus.
In a year of Fire Deficiency, Cold prevails greatly. Long-term governance is unused. Things flourish then decline. Congealed cold is severe; Yang Qi fails to transform. Glory is broken. Above, it corresponds to Mercury. People suffer from chest pain, hypochondriac fullness, bilateral hypochondriac pain, anterior chest, back, scapular, and inner arm pain. Depression, dizziness, blurred vision, sudden heart pain, aphonia, large chest/abdomen, and pain radiating from hypochondrium to lower back. Severely, flexion without extension, hip/thigh separation sensation. Above, it corresponds to Mars and Mercury. The associated grain is red. The Rebounding Qi is dusty oppression, heavy rain, and Black Qi being humiliated. Symptoms include loose stools, abdominal fullness, inability to eat/drink, middle-cold, borborygmus, projectile diarrhea, abdominal pain, sudden spasms, flaccidity, bi-syndrome, and legs unable to support the body. Above, it corresponds to Saturn and Mercury. Black grains fail to form.
In a year of Earth Deficiency, Wind prevails greatly. Transformation Qi does not command. Grass and trees flourish excessively, swaying violently, flowering but not fruiting. Above, it corresponds to Jupiter. People suffer from undigested diarrhea, cholera-like disorder, heavy body, abdominal pain, wavering sinews/bones, muscle soreness, irritability. Zang Qi acts chaotically. Hibernating insects attach early. All suffer middle-cold. Above, it corresponds to Jupiter and Saturn. The associated grain is yellow. The Rebounding Qi is strict Gathering governance; tall trees wither. Sudden chest/hypochondriac pain radiating to lower abdomen, frequent sighing. Worms eat sweet/yellow grains; Guest Qi invades Spleen. Yellow grains decrease; people eat little and lose taste. Green grains are damaged. Above, it corresponds to Venus and Jupiter. If Jueyin descends, flowing water does not freeze; hibernating insects appear. Zang Qi is inactive; White (Metal) does not return. Above, it corresponds to Jupiter. People recover.
In a year of Metal Deficiency, Blazing Fire acts. Growth Qi functions; Longing Qi dominates exclusively. All things grow lush. Dryness scorches. Above, it corresponds to Mars. People suffer from shoulder/back heaviness, nasal congestion/sneezing, blood in stool/diarrhea. Gathering Qi lags. Above, it corresponds to Venus. The associated grain is hard and awned. The Rebounding Qi is sudden cold rain, hail, frost, and snow killing things. Yin reversal and blocking; Yang Qi reverses upward. Occipital headache extending to fontanelle heat. Above, it corresponds to Mercury. Red grains fail to form. People suffer from mouth ulcers; severely, heart pain.
In a year of Water Deficiency, Dampness prevails greatly. Longing Qi acts contrary; transformation is rapid. Summer rain comes frequently. Above, it corresponds to Saturn. People suffer from abdominal fullness, heavy body, damp diarrhea, cold sores with discharge, lumbar/thigh pain, thigh/knee inconvenience, vexation, foot flaccidity/cold, foot pain, and dorsum edema. Zang Qi fails to govern; Kidney Qi is unbalanced. Above, it corresponds to Mercury. The associated grain is black. If Taiyin descends, great cold rises repeatedly; hibernating insects hide early; ground freezes solid; sunlight is obscured. People suffer from lower-body cold diseases; severely, abdominal fullness and edema. Above, it corresponds to Saturn. The dominant grain is black. The Rebounding Qi is violent storm; grass bends, trees shed leaves; growth is dull. Face color changes intermittently; sinews/bones spasm; muscle twitching; blurred vision; objects crack; muscle rashes; Qi merges in diaphragm; heart/abdominal pain. Yellow Qi is damaged; grains do not harvest. Above, it corresponds to Jupiter.
Huangdi said: Good. I wish to hear about the timing.
Qibo said: Your question is profound. Wood Deficiency: Spring has gentle breeze and smooth growth; Autumn has fog, dew, and cool governance. If Spring has cruel/withering victory, Summer has blazing heat rebound. Disaster is East; Zang is Liver; Disease resides internally in hypochondrium, externally in joints. Fire Deficiency: Summer has bright light; Winter has solemn frost/cold. If Summer has cruel/freezing victory, there is irregular dusty/heavy rain rebound. Disaster is South; Zang is Heart; Disease resides internally in chest/hypochondrium, externally in collaterals. Earth Deficiency: Four Corners (end of seasons) have dusty/moistening transformation; Spring has gentle breeze/growth governance. If Four Corners have shaking/flying changes, Autumn has desiccating/rainy rebound. Disaster is Four Corners; Zang is Spleen; Disease resides internally in heart/abdomen, externally in muscles/limbs. Metal Deficiency: Summer has bright/muggy order; Winter has strict/cold response. If Summer has scorching/fire changes, Autumn has hail/frost/snow rebound. Disaster is West; Zang is Lung; Disease resides internally in chest/hypochondrium/shoulder-back, externally in skin/hair. Water Deficiency: Four Corners have rushing/moistening/dusty transformation; there is irregular gentle wind/generation response. If Four Corners have dusty/sudden rain changes, there is irregular turbulent/shaking rebound. Disaster is North; Zang is Kidney; Disease resides internally in waist/spine/marrow, externally in溪谷 (valleys) and knee joints.
The governance of the Five Movements is like a balance scale: high is lowered, low is raised, transformation responds, change rebounds. This is the principle of generation, growth, transformation, gathering, and storage—the constant of Qi. Loss of constancy closes heaven and earth. Thus: Heaven and Earth's movement/stillness, Spirit/Mystery provides the record; Yin/Yang cycling, Cold/Heat reveals signs. This is it.
Huangdi said: Your words on Five Qi changes and Four Season responses are detailed. But Qi's turbulence arises upon contact, without fixed timing, sudden disasters combine. How to predict?
Qibo said: Qi's movement/change is not constant. Virtue, Transformation, Governance, Command, Change, and Disaster have different manifestations.
Huangdi said: What does this mean?
Qibo said: East generates Wind; Wind generates Wood. Its Virtue spreads harmony; its Transformation generates prosperity; its Governance opens/releases; its Command is Wind; its Change is shaking; its Disaster is scattering. South generates Heat; Heat generates Fire. Its Virtue is manifest; its Transformation is abundant; its Governance is bright; its Command is Heat; its Change is melting; its Disaster is burning. Center generates Dampness; Dampness generates Earth. Its Virtue is muggy; its Transformation is abundant/prepared; its Governance is quiet; its Command is Dampness; its Change is sudden pouring; its Disaster is flooding/rotting. West generates Dryness; Dryness generates Metal. Its Virtue is clean; its Transformation is tight/gathering; its Governance is forceful/cutting; its Command is Dryness; its Change is desiccation; its Disaster is withering/falling. North generates Cold; Cold generates Water. Its Virtue is chilling; its Transformation is clear/quiet; its Governance is congealed/solemn; its Command is Cold; its Change is freezing; its Disaster is ice/snow/hail. Thus observing movement: there is Virtue and Transformation, Governance and Command, Change and Disaster. Objects arise from it; Humans respond to it.
Huangdi said: You spoke of seasonal conditions, deficiency/excess, and correspondence to Five Planets. Now, Virtue/Transformation/Governance/Command, Disaster/Misfortune/Change are not constant but sudden. Do they also change?
Qibo said: Following Heaven's action, there is no reckless movement; nothing does not correspond. Sudden movement is Qi intersection/change; it does not correspond to normal images. Thus: Correspond to the Constant, not the Sudden. This is it.
Huangdi said: How does it correspond?
Qibo said: Each follows its Qi transformation.
Huangdi said: How is its movement speed/reversal?
Qibo said: Staying long in orbit, reversing guard, appearing small: this is inspecting faults. Leaving orbit, returning fast, curving past: this is inspecting remaining faults. Staying long circling, leaving or attaching: this is discussing disaster and virtue. Close correspondence is small; distant is large. Bright and double size: severe transformation. Double size of constant: disaster strikes immediately. Half size: transformation reduces. Half size of constant:臨視 (Approaching View), inspecting faults/virtue. Virtue brings blessing; Fault brings punishment. Thus image appearance: High/Far is small; Low/Near is large. Large means anger/joy is near; Small means disaster/blessing is far. Year Movement Excess: Movement Star moves North. If Movement and Qi match, each follows its path. Thus Year Movement Excess: Feared Star loses color and assumes Mother's color. Deficiency: Color assumes Unconquered Star's color. Observers gaze anxiously, knowing not the mystery. Deep concern: who is good? Random movement without sign warns kings.
Huangdi said: How is the disaster response?
Qibo said: Also follows its transformation. Thus times have abundance/scarcity, infringement has reversal/compliance, stay has quantity, form has good/evil, constellation has victory/defeat, sign has auspicious/inauspicious.
Huangdi said: What is good/evil?
Qibo said: Joy/Anger, Worry/Loss, Moisture/Dryness. These are constant images. Must observe carefully.
Huangdi said: Are these six different in height/depth?
Qibo said: Image appearance high/low, their response is one. Thus humans also respond.
Huangdi said: Good. How are the dynamics/profit-loss of Virtue/Transformation/Governance/Command?
Qibo said: Virtue/Transformation/Governance/Command/Disaster/Change cannot add up. Victory/Rebound abundance/scarcity cannot multiply. Coming/Going small/large cannot exceed. Use/Rise-Fall cannot be absent. Each follows its movement and rebounds.
Huangdi said: How does disease arise?
Qibo said: Virtue/Transformation is Qi's auspiciousness; Governance/Command is Qi's clarity; Change is Rebound's record; Disaster/Misfortune is Injury's start. Qi winning is Harmony; Not winning is Disease. Heavy pathogen infection is severe.
Huangdi said: Good. The refined discourse, Great Sage's work, proclaiming the Great Dao, infinite, boundless. I heard: He who speaks well of Heaven must correspond to Man; He who speaks well of Antiquity must verify in Present; He who speaks well of Qi must manifest in Objects; He who speaks well of Response shares Heaven/Earth transformation; He who speaks well of Transformation/Change penetrates Spirit/Mystery principles. Who but you can speak the Supreme Dao? I will choose good omens, store them in the Spirit Chamber, read daily, name it *Qi Jiao Bian* (Treatise on Qi Intersection Changes). Without fasting/purification, dare not publish. Carefully transmit.