The stomach, large intestine, small intestine, and bladder are the foundation of food storage and the residence of Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi), named as "vessels" (Qi), capable of transforming dregs and regulating the entry and exit of flavors. If a person is injured by external pathogens such as Wind-Cold, Summer-Heat, or Dampness, or if internal Heat is excessive, leading to the depletion of body fluids through sweating or promoting urination, causing dryness and涩滞 (astringency/stagnation) in the intestines and stomach, resulting in constipation and blockage, these belong to External Causes (Wai Suo Yin); or due to disharmony of Zang-Fu organ Qi, with obstruction between Yin and Yang, also causing constipation, named Zang Jie (Visceral Knotting), which belongs to Internal Causes (Nei Suo Yin); or due to dry and hot diet forming Re Zhong (Internal Heat), where Stomach Qi is strong and stagnant, leading to hard and constipated stool with frequent urination, named Pi Yue (Spleen Restraint), which belongs to Neither Internal Nor External Causes. Since it involves the Three Causes, treatment should follow the specific cause: for dryness, moisten it; for stagnation, lubricate it; for constipation, unblock it; for restraint, relax it; each has established methods.

Treating severe constipation with astringency, tenesmus, pain, and restlessness caused by Qi stagnation and flourishing Wind. The dosage of this medicine should be adjusted according to deficiency and excess.
Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 4 liang, stir-fried with bran, steaming is also acceptable), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 2 liang), He Zi Pi (Chebulae Fructus Pericarpium, 4 liang), Ma Ren (Cannabis Semen, 2 liang, ground separately).
Grind the above into fine powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, administered with warm water, warm wine, or rice drink, after meals and before bedtime.

Treating Fuyang pulse that is floating and choppy. Floating indicates strong Stomach Qi, choppy indicates frequent urination. The interaction of floating and choppy pulses leads to hard stool, known as Pi Yue (Spleen Restraint), characterized by hard stool, free urination, and no thirst.
Ma Zi Ren (Cannabis Semen, 5 liang, ground), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, stir-fried with bran, 8 liang each), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, steamed, 1 jin), Nong Po (Moutan Cortex / Magnolia Bark - Note: Nong Po usually refers to Houpo/Magnolia Bark, here specified as processed with ginger, 0.5 liang), Xing Ren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen Amarum, peeled, de-seeded, stir-fried, ground separately, 5.5 liang).
Grind the above into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, administered with warm water; if ineffective, increase to 50 pills. Another method: Ma Ren 1.5 liang, Xing Ren 3 fen, Da Huang 1 liang, Zhi Shi, Shao Yao, Nong Po each 0.5 liang. This formula originates from Ju Fang (Formulas of the Bureau). Originally a Han dynasty formula, combining 1 jin each of Da Huang and Zhi Shi, equivalent to 2 liang currently; Nong Po should be 4 liang, Xing Ren should be 6 qian 1 zi, Ma Ren 1.25 liang, Shao Yao 1 liang, making the dosage balanced and reasonable. Medication should be deduced based on medical principles.