黄帝问于岐伯曰。余欲无视色持脉。独调其尺。以言其病。从外知内。为之奈何。岐伯曰。审其尺之缓急。小大滑
涩肉之坚脆。而病形定矣。视人之目窠上。微痈。如新卧起状。其颈脉动。时咳。按其手足上。 而不起者。风水肤胀
也。尺肤滑其淖泽者。风也。尺肉弱者解 。安卧脱肉者寒热。不治。尺肤滑而泽脂者。风也。尺肤涩者。风痹也。尺
肤粗如枯鱼之鳞者。水 饮也。尺肤热甚。脉盛躁者。病温也。其脉盛而滑者。汗且出也。尺肤寒。其脉小者。泄少气。
尺肤炬然。先热后寒者。寒热也。尺肤先寒。久持之而热者。亦寒热也。肘所独热者。腰以上热。手所独热者。腰以下
热。肘前独热者。膺前热。肘后独热者。肩背热。臂中独热者。腰腹热。肘后粗以下三四寸热者。肠中有虫。掌中热者
腹中热。掌中寒者腹中寒。鱼上白肉有青血脉者。胃中有寒。尺炬然热。人迎大者。当夺血。尺坚大。脉小甚。少气 。
有加。立死。目赤色者。病在心。白在肺。青在肝。黄在脾。黑在肾。黄色不可名者。病在胸中。诊目痛。赤脉从上下
者太阳病。从下上者阳明病。从外走内者少阳病。诊寒热。赤脉上下至瞳子。见一脉。一岁死。见一脉半。一岁半死。
见二脉。二岁死。见二脉半。二岁半死。见三脉。三岁死。诊龋齿痛。按其阳之来。有过者独热。在左左热。在右右热。
在上上热。在下下热。诊血脉者。多赤多热。多青多痛。多黑为久痹。多赤多黑多青皆见者寒热。身痛而色微黄。齿垢
黄。爪甲上黄。黄胆也。安卧。小便黄赤。脉小而涩者。不嗜食。人病。其寸口之脉。与人迎之脉小大等。及其浮沉等
者。病难已也。女子。手少阴脉动甚者。妊子婴儿病。其头毛皆逆上者必死。耳间青脉起者掣痛。大便赤瓣飧泄。脉小
者。手足寒。难已。飧泄。脉小。手足温。泄易已。四时之变。寒暑之胜。重阴必阳。重阳必阴。故阴主寒。阳主热。
故寒甚则热。热甚则寒。故曰寒生热。热生寒。此阴阳之变也。故曰冬伤于寒。春生瘅热。春伤于风。夏生飧泄肠 。
夏伤于暑。秋生 疟。秋伤于湿。冬生咳嗽。是谓四时之序也。
条列事类而用笔之长短伸缩无理法可寻。不及前卷寒热癫狂诸篇矣。至其事理明备业道者。宜详察之。
黄帝向岐伯问道：我想不通过观察面色和切按脉象，仅通过诊察尺肤（前臂内侧从肘至腕的皮肤），来推断疾病情况，做到由外知内。该怎么做呢？
岐伯回答说：仔细审察尺肤的缓急、大小、滑涩以及肌肉的坚脆，那么疾病的形态就可以确定了。
看人的眼睑上方微微浮肿，像刚睡醒的样子；颈部动脉搏动明显，时常咳嗽；按压其手足背部，凹陷不能立即复原的，这是风水病和肤胀病。
尺部肌肉软弱无力，身体懈怠嗜卧，肌肉消瘦脱落的，是寒热病，难以治愈。
尺肤粗糙如枯鱼鳞片的，是水饮病。
尺肤灼热，脉象盛大躁动的，是温病。如果脉象盛大而滑利，说明汗液将要排出。
肘部单独发热的，腰部以上发热。手部单独发热的，腰部以下发热。
肘前部位单独发热的，胸膺前部发热。肘后部位单独发热的，肩背部发热。
手掌大鱼际上部白色皮肤上有青色血脉的，胃中有寒。
尺肤坚硬粗大，但脉象却细小得很，气短，病情加重，会立刻死亡。
眼睛发红，病在心；眼睛色白，病在肺；眼睛色青，病在肝；眼睛色黄，病在脾；眼睛色黑，病在肾。
黄色无法明确描述的，病在胸中。
诊断目痛，赤色的脉络从上向下延伸的，是太阳病；从下向上延伸的，是阳明病；从外侧走向内侧的，是少阳病。
诊断寒热病，赤色的脉络上下延伸至瞳孔，见到一条脉络，一年死；见到一条半脉络，一年半死；见到两条脉络，两年死；见到两条半脉络，两年半死；见到三条脉络，三年死。
诊断龋齿疼痛，按压阳经循行部位，发现有异常热度独显的部位，左侧热则病在左，右侧热则病在右，上部热则病在上，下部热则病在下。
诊断血脉病变，红色多表示热证，青色多表示痛证，黑色多为久痹，红黑白青多种颜色同时出现的，是寒热病。
病人寸口脉与人迎脉大小相等，浮沉力度也相等，这种病难治。
婴儿生病，头发全部逆竖向上的，必死。
耳间出现青色脉络的，牵引性疼痛。
大便中有未消化的食物残渣且呈红色的飧泄（完谷不化的腹泻），脉象细小的，手足寒冷，难治。
四季的变化，寒暑的交替，重阴必转化为阳，重阳必转化为阴。所以阴主寒，阳主热。因此寒极生热，热极生寒。所以说寒生热，热生寒，这就是阴阳的变化规律。
所以说冬天感受寒邪，春天会发生瘅热病；春天感受风邪，夏天会发生飧泄和肠澼（痢疾）；夏天感受暑邪，秋天会发生疟疾；秋天感受湿邪，冬天会发生咳嗽。这叫做四时的次序。
这里条理列举事物类别，用笔长短伸缩没有固定的理法可循，不如前一卷关于寒热癫狂等篇章那样完备。至于那些事理明确详尽、适合从事医学的人，应该详细考察它。
Huangdi asked Qibo: I wish to diagnose without observing facial color or holding the pulse, but solely by regulating and examining the Chi skin (the skin on the inner forearm from elbow to wrist) to discuss the disease, knowing the interior from the exterior. How should this be done?
Qibo replied: Carefully examine the slackness or tightness, smallness or largeness, smoothness or roughness of the Chi skin, and the hardness or fragility of the flesh, and the form of the disease will be determined.
Observe if the upper eyelids of a person are slightly swollen, resembling the appearance after just waking up; if the neck vessels are pulsating and there is occasional coughing; if pressing the dorsum of the hands and feet leaves an indentation that does not rise immediately, this indicates Fengshui (Wind-Water edema) and Fuzhang (Skin distension).
If the Chi skin is smooth and glossy, it indicates Wind disease.
If the flesh at the Chi region is weak, with lethargy and desire to lie down, and emaciation, it indicates Hanre (Cold-Heat disorder), which is difficult to treat.
If the Chi skin is smooth and has a greasy luster, it indicates Wind disease.
If the Chi skin is rough like the scales of a dried fish, it indicates Shuiyin (Water retention).
If the Chi skin is very hot and the pulse is vigorous and restless, it indicates Wenbing (Warm disease). If the pulse is vigorous and slippery, sweat is about to appear.
If the Chi skin is cold and the pulse is small, it indicates Xie (Diarrhea) and Shaqi (Shortness of Qi).
If the Chi skin is burning hot, feeling hot first and then cold, it indicates Hanre (Cold-Heat disorder).
If the Chi skin feels cold initially and becomes hot after prolonged palpation, it also indicates Hanre (Cold-Heat disorder).
If only the elbows are hot, the upper half of the waist is hot. If only the hands are hot, the lower half of the waist is hot.
If only the front of the elbows is hot, the anterior chest is hot. If only the back of the elbows is hot, the shoulders and back are hot.
If only the middle of the arms is hot, the waist and abdomen are hot.
If the area three to four cun below the posterior aspect of the elbow is hot, there are intestinal parasites.
If the center of the palm is hot, the abdomen is hot. If the center of the palm is cold, the abdomen is cold.
If there are blue blood vessels on the white flesh above the大鱼际 (Thenar eminence), there is cold in the Stomach.
If the Chi skin is burning hot and the Renying pulse (Renying point/carotid artery) is large, blood loss should occur.
If the Chi skin is hard and large, but the pulse is extremely small, accompanied by shortness of Qi, and the condition worsens, death will occur immediately.
Red eyes indicate disease in the Heart. White eyes indicate disease in the Lungs. Blue/Green eyes indicate disease in the Liver. Yellow eyes indicate disease in the Spleen. Black eyes indicate disease in the Kidneys. If the yellow color cannot be clearly defined, the disease is in the Chest center.
In diagnosing eye pain: Red vessels extending from top to bottom indicate Taiyang Bing (Taiyang Disease); from bottom to top indicate Yangming Bing (Yangming Disease); from outside moving inward indicate Shaoyang Bing (Shaoyang Disease).
In diagnosing Cold-Heat disorders: If red vessels extend up and down to the pupil, seeing one vessel indicates death in one year; seeing one and a half vessels indicates death in one and a half years; seeing two vessels indicates death in two years; seeing two and a half vessels indicates death in two and a half years; seeing three vessels indicates death in three years.
In diagnosing toothache caused by cavities: Palpate the Yang meridians; where there is an excess, there will be isolated heat. Heat on the left indicates heat on the left; heat on the right indicates heat on the right; heat above indicates heat above; heat below indicates heat below.
In diagnosing blood vessels: Many red indicates many heat; many blue/green indicates many pain; many black indicates chronic Bi (Bi syndrome); if red, black, and green all appear together, it indicates Hanre (Cold-Heat disorder). Body pain with slightly yellow complexion, yellow dental plaque, and yellow nails indicates Huangdan (Jaundice).
Lethargy, yellow-red urine, and a small and choppy pulse indicate lack of appetite.
If a patient's Cun Kou pulse (Radial artery) and Ren Ying pulse are equal in size and depth, the disease is difficult to cure.
If the Shao Yin pulse (Shenmen point on the radial artery) beats strongly in women, she is pregnant.
If an infant's illness causes all head hair to stand erect, death is certain.
If blue vessels appear between the ears, it causes pulling pain.
Stool containing undigested food particles with red streaks, known as Sun Xie (Sunning diarrhea), with a small pulse and cold hands and feet, is difficult to cure. If Sun Xie presents with a small pulse but warm hands and feet, the diarrhea is easy to cure.
The changes of the four seasons and the dominance of cold and heat follow the principle that extreme Yin transforms into Yang, and extreme Yang transforms into Yin. Thus, Yin governs cold, and Yang governs heat. Therefore, extreme cold generates heat, and extreme heat generates cold. It is said that cold generates heat, and heat generates cold; this is the transformation of Yin and Yang.
Thus, it is said: Injury to cold in winter leads to Dan Re (Intense Heat) in spring; injury to wind in spring leads to Sun Xie (Sunning diarrhea) and Chang Pi (Intestinal dysentery) in summer; injury to summer-heat in summer leads to Nue (Malaria) in autumn; injury to dampness in autumn leads to Ke Sou (Cough) in winter. This is called the order of the four seasons.
Here, matters are listed categorically, and the writing style varies in length and extension without fixed rules, lacking the completeness found in previous volumes regarding Hanre (Cold-Heat) and Dian Kuang (Epilepsy and Mania). Those engaged in the medical profession should carefully examine the clear and complete principles presented herein.