〔《大全》〕人参汤 治产后诸虚不足，发热盗汗。
人参 当归（等分）
上为末，以猪腰子一具，去脂膜切小片子，以水三升，糯米半合，葱白二条，煮米熟，取清汁一盏。入药
末二钱，煎至八分。不拘时温服。
〔罗〕犀角饮子 治产后亡津液虚损，时自汗出，发热困倦，唇口干燥。
犀角 麦冬 白术（各半两） 柴胡（一两） 枳壳（麸炒） 地骨皮 生地 甘草（炒） 当
归人参 茯苓 黄芩 黄 （各七钱）
上 咀，入浮麦七十粒，姜三片，同水煎，每服四钱。
产后发热，多属虚寒，惟干姜加入补药中，神效。此丹溪法也。
〔丹〕阳虚恶寒，用参 之类，甚者加附子少许，以行参 之气。
永康吕亲家，形瘦色黑，平生喜酒，多饮不困，年近半百，且有别馆。忽一日大恶寒战，且自言渴，却不
能饮。予诊其脉大而弱，惟右关稍实，略类弦，重取则涩。遂作酒热内郁不得泄，由表热而下虚也。黄 一物，
与干葛同煎，与之尽。黄 二两，干葛一两。脉得小，次日安矣。
〔垣〕脾胃之虚，怠惰嗜卧，四肢不收，时值秋燥令行，湿热少退，体重节痛，口舌干，食无味，大便不调，
小便频数，不嗜食，食不消。兼见肺病，洒淅恶寒，气惨惨不乐，面色恶而不和，乃阳气不伸故也。当升阳
益胃，名曰升阳益胃汤。
羌活（半两） 柴胡（三钱） 独活（半两） 防风（半两。以其秋旺，故以辛温泻之） 人参（一两，去
芦） 甘草（炙，一两） 白术（三钱） 半夏（一两，汤洗，脉涩者可用） 黄 （二两） 泽泻（三钱，
不淋者勿用） 黄连（二钱） 茯苓（二钱，小便利不渴者勿用） 橘皮（不去穣，四钱） 白芍药（五钱。何故秋
旺用人参、白术、芍药之类反补旺，为脾胃虚则肺受病，故因时而补母虚也。）
上 咀，每服三钱，生姜五片，枣二枚去核，水三盏，同煎至一盏，去渣，温服，早饭后午饭前服之。禁
忌如前。其药渐加至五钱止。服药如小便罢，而病加增剧者，是不宜利小便，当少去茯苓、泽泻。若喜食，
初一二日不可饱食，恐胃再伤，以药力尚少，胃气不得转运升发也，须薄滋味，或美食助其药力，益升浮之
气而滋其胃气，慎不可淡食以损药力，而助邪气之降沉。可以小役形体，使胃与药转运升发，慎勿大劳役，
使复伤胃气。若脾胃得安静，尤佳。若胃气稍强，少食果以助谷药之力。五谷为养。五果为助者也。（禁忌如前
者，服药讫忌语话一二时辰，及酒湿面大料物，及冷蒸寒凉淡渗之物。）
黄 补胃汤 治表虚恶贼风。
黄 （三钱） 甘草（一钱） 麻黄（一钱） 草豆蔻（一钱半） 橘皮（一钱半） 青皮（七分）
当归（一钱） 香白芷（一钱半） 升麻（三分） 本（三分） 柴胡（六分） 黄柏（八分）
上锉如麻豆大，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣，稍热，食前服。
〔丹〕缙云胡君锡，年三十一岁，形肥而大，色稍苍浓，家富而足，更专嗜口味。两年前得消渴病，医与
寒凉药而得安。有一人教以病后须用滋补，令其专用黄雌鸡，因此食至千余只，渐有膈满呕吐之病。医者意为
胃寒，遂以附子、沉香之药百余帖，呕病除。月余天气大热，忽恶风，足亦怕地气，遂堆糠尺许浓，上铺以簟，
糊以重纸，方可坐卧，而两手不能执笔，口鼻皆无气以呼吸，欲言无力，行十余步便困倦，脉皆浮大而虚，仅
得四至。予作内有湿痰，因多服燥热药，遂成气耗血散。当此夏令，自合便死。因其色之苍浓，元气尚全，可
以安谷，遂以人参。黄 、白术熬膏，煎淡五味子汤，以竹沥调饮之，三日诸病皆愈。令其顿绝肉味，一月后
康健如旧。又以鸡汤下饭，一月后胸腹膨满甚，自煎二陈汤加附子、白豆蔻饮之，其病顿除。遣人问调理药，
予教以绝去诸药与肉饮，自然平安。
上阳虚恶寒五法，皆以参 为君。首一法佐以附子，中三法佐以升阳之剂，末一法佐以消痰之剂也。
〔垣〕夫脾胃之症，始则热中，终传寒中。经云∶阴盛生内寒。厥气上逆，寒积于胸中，是肾水反来侮土，
此谓所胜者妄行也。作中满腹胀，作涎，作清涕，或溺，足下痛，不能任身履地，骨乏无力，喜睡，两丸多冷，
时作阴阴而痛，或妄见鬼状，夜梦亡人，腰背胛眼腰脊俱痛，而不渴不泻。此温气去，寒独留，寒独留则血凝
泣，血凝泣则脉不通，故其脉盛大以涩，名曰寒中。
白术附子汤
白术 附子（炮） 陈皮 苍术（制） 浓朴（制） 半夏（汤泡） 茯苓（去皮） 泽泻（各一两）
猪苓（去皮，半两） 肉桂（四钱）
上锉如麻豆大，每服五钱，水二盏，生姜三片，煎至一盏，食前温服，量虚实加减。
夫病热中症者，冲脉之火附二阴之里，传之督脉。督脉者，第二十一椎下长强穴是也，与足太阳膀胱寒气
为附经。督脉其盛也如巨川之水，疾如奔马，其势不可遏。太阳寒气细细如线，督脉逆太阳，寒气上行，冲顶
入额，下鼻尖，入手太阳，传于胸中。手太阳者，丙，热气也。足太阳膀胱者，壬，寒气也。壬能克丙，寒热逆
于胸中，故脉盛大。其手太阳小肠热气不能交入膀胱经，故十一经之盛气积于胸中，故其脉盛大。其膀胱逆行
盛之极，子能令母实，手阳明大肠金即其母也，故燥旺。其燥气挟子之势，故脉涩而大便不通。以此言之，脉
盛大以涩者，手阳明大肠脉也。
若见此病中一症皆为寒，禁用诸甘酸药。
〔《素》〕帝曰∶人身非衣寒也，中非有寒气也，寒从中生者何？岐伯曰∶是人多痹气也。阳气少，阴气多，
故身寒如从水中出。帝曰∶人有身寒，汤火不能热，浓衣不能温，然不冻栗，是为何病？岐伯曰∶是人者素肾
气胜，以水为事。太阳气衰，肾脂枯不长，一水不能胜两火。肾者水也，而生于骨，肾不生则髓不能满，故寒
甚至骨也。所以不能冻栗者，肝一阳也，心二阳也，肾孤藏也，一水不能胜二火，故不能冻栗，名曰骨痹，是
人当挛节也。（逆调论）
〔东垣〕云∶昼则恶寒，是阴气上溢于阳分也。夜则恶寒，是阴血自旺于阴分也。
〔海〕气分寒，桂枝加附子汤。（方见伤寒自汗。）桂枝加芍药人参新加汤。（方见伤寒体痛。）血分寒，
巴戟丸、神珠丸。（方见治虚实法。）
巴戟丸
良姜（六两） 紫金藤（十六两） 巴戟（二两） 青盐（二两） 肉桂 吴茱萸（各四两）
上为末，酒糊丸，每服二十丸，暖盐酒送下，盐汤亦得。
三焦寒用药大例∶上焦寒，陈皮、浓朴、藿香。中焦寒，大小便不通，白术、干姜、丁香。下焦寒，肉桂、
附子、沉香。
上焦 （桂附丸 铁刷汤 胡椒理中丸）
中焦 （二气丹 大建中汤）
下焦 （还少丹 八味丸 天真丹）
胡椒理中丸
款冬花（去梗） 胡椒 甘草（炙） 荜茇 良姜（各四两） 白术（五两） 干姜 陈皮（去白）
细辛（去苗。各四两）
上为末，炼蜜丸，如梧子大。每服五十丸。温汤酒米饮任下。
铁刷汤
良姜（炮，六两） 茴香（二两） 甘草（炙，一两） 苍术（米泔浸一宿，八两）
上为细末，每服二钱，姜三片，盐一捻，水一盏，煎至七分，温服，或热酒调下。
二气丹
肉桂（去粗皮） 硫黄（细研。各一钱） 干姜（炮） 朱砂（研，为衣。各二钱） 附子（一个去皮脐，
炮制为末，半两）
上为细末，研匀，面糊为丸，梧子大。每服三十丸，盐汤下。
附子理中丸
人参（去芦） 附子（炮去皮脐） 干姜（炮） 甘草（炙） 白术（各三两）
上为末，炼蜜和丸。每一两作十丸，每服一丸，以水一盏化破，煎至七分服。
大建中汤 治内虚里急少气，手足厥逆，少腹挛急。或腹满弦急，不能起卧，微汗出，阴缩。或腹中
寒痛，不堪劳苦，唇口干，精自出。或手足乍寒乍热，而烦苦酸痛，不能久立。补中益气。
桂心（一钱） 芍药 黄 （各二钱） 甘草（一钱，炙） 生姜（五钱） 当归 人参（各三钱）
附子（半钱） 半夏（二钱） 枣（三枚）
上 咀，水五盏，煎至三盏，去渣，分三服。
〔垣〕天真丹 治下焦阳虚。
沉香 巴戟（酒浸，炒，去心） 茴香（盐炒香，去盐） 破故纸（炒） 萆 （酒浸，焙） 胡芦巴（炒）
杜仲（麸炒，去丝） 琥珀（各一两） 官桂（五钱） 牵牛（炒黑，去盐，取头末一两）
上为末，用浸药酒糊为丸，梧子大。每服五十丸至八十丸，空心温酒下。
〔海〕下焦寒，四逆例。干姜味苦，能止而不行。附子味辛，能行而不守。泄小便不通，二药皆阳，气化
能作小便。若姜、附、术三味，内加茯苓，以分利之为佳。附生用而不炮，则无火力，热则行而不止，兼以水
多煎少，则热直入下焦。
代灸膏 治老人衰弱，元气虚冷，脏腑虚滑，腰脚冷痛沉重，饮食减少，手足逆冷不能忍者。用此代灸，其效
不能尽述。
大附子（一个，炮） 吴茱萸 桂皮 木香 蛇床子（各半两） 马蔺草（一两）
上为细末，每用药半匙，白面半匙，生姜汁半盏，用煎成膏，摊于纸上，临卧贴脐，以油纸覆其上，绵衣
系之，自夜至明乃去，每夜如此贴之，其腰腹如灸百壮。除寒积，腰疼贴腰眼。
背恶寒是痰饮。仲景云∶心下有留饮，其人背恶寒，冷如冰。治法茯苓丸之类是也。（方见惊悸。）身前寒属胃。
经云∶胃足阳明之脉气虚，则身以前皆寒栗。治法宜针法，补三里穴是也。手足寒者，厥也。（治见厥。）掌中寒
者腹中寒。鱼上白肉有青血脉者，胃中有寒。（腹胃寒，理中之类也。全见诊法。）
五脏寒方∶肝寒，双和汤。（方见治虚实法。）心寒，定志丸、菖蒲丸。（方见小儿。）脾寒，益黄散。（方见
小儿。）肺寒，小青龙汤。（方见伤寒。）肾寒，八味丸。（方见治虚实法。）
〔海〕通治大寒∶大已寒丸、四逆汤。
〔垣〕沉香桂附丸
沉香 附子（炮） 肉桂 干姜（炮） 良姜 吴茱萸 茴香（炒） 川乌（各一两）
上为末，醋煮面糊为丸，桐子大。每服五七十丸，米饮下，食前一服。忌生冷。
〔海〕大已寒丸
荜茇 肉桂（各四两） 干姜（炮） 良姜（各六两）
上为细末，水煮面糊为丸，如梧子大。每服二十粒，米饮汤下，食前服。
〔垣〕诸脉按之无力所生病症∶六脉中之下得弦细而涩，按之无力，腹中时痛，心胃相控睾，隐隐而痛。
或大便溏泄，鼻不闻香臭，清浊涕不止，目中泪出，喘喝痰嗽，唾出白沫，腰沉沉苦痛，项背胸胁时作痛，目
中流火，口鼻恶寒，时时头痛目眩，苦振寒不止。或嗽或吐，或呕或哕，则发躁蒸蒸而热，如坐甄中，必得去
衣，居寒处或饮寒水，则便如故。其振寒复至，或气短促，胸中满闷而痛，如有膈咽不通欲绝之状。甚则口开
目瞪，声闻于外，而泪涕痰涎大作。其发躁方过，而振寒复至，或面白而不泽者，脱血也。悲愁不乐，情惨意
悲，健忘，或善嚏，此风热大损寒水燥金之复也。如六脉细弦而涩，按之空虚，此大寒症也，亦伤精气，以辛
甘温热润之剂，大泻西北二方则愈。
姜附汤 治中寒口噤，四肢强直，失音不语，忽然晕倒，口吐涎沫，状如暗风，手足厥冷，或复烦躁。
兼治阴证伤寒，大便利而发热者。
干姜 熟附子（等分）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，煎至七分，去渣温服。或虑此药性太燥，即以附子理中汤相继服饵。姜附本
治伤寒经下后又复发汗，内外俱虚，身无大热，昼则烦躁，夜则安静不渴，六脉沉伏，并宜服此。不知脉者，
更宜审之。兼治中脘虚寒，久积痰水，心腹冷痛，霍乱转筋，四肢厥逆。一方附子汤以生用者，名曰白通汤。
一方白通汤内加白术倍之，甘草减半，名生附子白术汤。治中风湿昏闷恍惚，腹胀满，身重，手足螈 ，
自汗，失音不语，便利不禁。一方用姜附汤加麻黄、白术、人参、甘草等分，名附子麻黄汤。治中寒湿昏
晕缓弱，腰脊强急，口眼 ，语声混浊，胸腹 胀，气上喘急，不能转动。更宜审而用之。
〔海〕六月大热之气，反得大寒之病，气难布息，身凉脉迟，何以治之？答曰∶病有标本，病热为本，大
寒为标。用凉则顺时而失本，用热则顺本而失时，故不从乎标本而从乎中治。中治者何？用温是已。然既曰温，
则不能治大寒之病。治大寒者，非姜、附不可。若用姜、附，又似非温治之例，然衰其大半乃止。脉得四至，
余病便无，令治之足矣。虽用姜附，是亦中治也。非温而何？经曰∶中热远热，虽用之不当，然胜至可犯，亦
其理也。
上虚寒正治，盖谓脉虚而恶寒者设也。脉虚恶寒，真寒也，故正治。
〔丹〕色目妇人，年近六十，六月内常觉恶寒战栗，喜炎火御绵，多汗如雨，其形肥肌浓，已服附子十余
帖，浑身痒甚，两手脉沉涩，重取稍大，知其热甚而血虚也。以四物去川芎，倍地黄，加白术、黄 、炒黄柏、
【《医宗金鉴·大全》】人参汤：治疗产后各种虚损不足，出现发热、盗汗的症状。
药材：人参、当归（用量相等）。
制法与用法：将上述药材研为细末。取猪腰子一个，去除脂膜，切成小片，用水三升，糯米半合，葱白两条，煮至米熟，滤取清汁一盏。加入药末二钱，煎至八分满。不拘时间，温服。
【罗谦甫】犀角饮子：治疗产后津液亡失、虚损，时常自汗出，发热困倦，唇口干燥。
药材：犀角、麦冬、白术（各半两），柴胡（一两），枳壳（麸炒），地骨皮，生地，甘草（炒），当归、人参、茯苓、黄芩、黄芪（各七钱）。
制法与用法：将药材切碎，加入浮小麦七十粒，生姜三片，同水煎煮。每次服用四钱。
产后发热，多属于虚寒证，只有在补药中加入干姜，才有神效。这是朱丹溪的方法。
【朱丹溪】阳虚导致的恶寒，用人参、黄芪之类，严重的加少许附子，以通行参、芪之气。
永康吕亲家，形体消瘦，肤色黑，平生喜欢喝酒，多喝也不醉，年近五十，且另有别馆居住。忽然有一天极度恶寒战栗，自己说口渴，却不能饮水。我诊察他的脉象大而弱，只有右关部稍实，略微像弦脉，重按则涩。于是判断为酒热内郁不得宣泄，由表热导致下虚。用黄芪一味，与干葛同煎，让他全部服下。黄芪二两，干葛一两。脉象变得细小，第二天就痊愈了。
【李东垣】脾胃虚弱，倦怠嗜卧，四肢无力不收，正值秋燥令行，湿热稍退，身体沉重关节疼痛，口舌干燥，饮食无味，大便不调，小便频数，不想吃东西，吃了不消化。兼见肺病症状，洒淅恶寒，心情凄惨不乐，面色晦暗不和，这是阳气不能伸展的缘故。应当升阳益胃，名为升阳益胃汤。
药材：羌活（半两），柴胡（三钱），独活（半两），防风（半两。因为秋季肺气旺，所以用辛温之品泻之），人参（一两，去芦头），甘草（炙，一两），白术（三钱），半夏（一两，汤洗，脉涩者可用），黄芪（二两），泽泻（三钱，无淋证者勿用），黄连（二钱），茯苓（二钱，小便通利不渴者勿用），橘皮（不去瓤，四钱），白芍药（五钱。为何秋季旺时用人参、白术、芍药等反而补旺？因为脾胃虚则肺受病，所以因时而补母脏之虚也）。
制法与用法：将药材切碎，每次服用三钱，生姜五片，大枣二枚去核，水三盏，同煎至一盏，去渣，温服，早饭后午饭前服用。禁忌如前。药物剂量逐渐增加至五钱为止。服药后如果小便通畅但病情加重，是不宜利小便，应当减少茯苓、泽泻的用量。如果喜欢进食，初一二日不可饱食，恐怕再次损伤胃气，因为药力尚少，胃气不能转运升发。须吃清淡滋味，或用美食帮助药力，以助升浮之气而滋养胃气，千万不要吃淡食以损伤药力，而助长邪气的降沉。可以轻微活动形体，使胃与药转运升发，千万不要过度劳累，以免再次损伤胃气。如果脾胃得到安静，尤其好。如果胃气稍强，少吃水果以辅助谷药之力。五谷是养人的，五果是辅助的。（禁忌如前者，服药完毕忌说话一二个时辰，以及酒、湿面、大料物，以及冷蒸寒凉淡渗之物。）
黄芪补胃汤：治疗表虚恶贼风。
药材：黄芪（三钱），甘草（一钱），麻黄（一钱），草豆蔻（一钱半），橘皮（一钱半），青皮（七分），当归（一钱），香白芷（一钱半），升麻（三分），藁本（三分），柴胡（六分），黄柏（八分）。
制法与用法：锉如麻豆大小，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣，稍热，食前服。
【朱丹溪】缙云胡君锡，年三十一岁，形体肥壮，肤色稍苍浓，家境富裕充足，特别嗜好口味。两年前得消渴病，医生给寒凉药而得以安宁。有一人教他病后必须用滋补，让他专用黄雌鸡，因此吃到一千多只，渐渐出现膈满呕吐的病。医者认为是胃寒，于是用附子、沉香等药百余帖，呕吐病除。月余天气大热，忽然恶风，脚也怕地气，于是堆糠尺许厚，上面铺以竹席，糊以多层纸，才可以坐卧，而两手不能执笔，口鼻都没有气以呼吸，想说话没力气，行走十余步便困倦，脉象皆浮大而虚，仅得四至。我判断为内有湿痰，因为多服燥热药，遂成气耗血散。正当夏令，本该死去。因为其色苍浓，元气尚全，可以吃下食物，于是用人参、黄芪、白术熬膏，煎淡五味子汤，用竹沥调饮，三日诸病皆愈。让他彻底断绝肉味，一个月后康健如旧。又以鸡汤下饭，一个月后胸腹膨满很严重，自己煎二陈汤加附子、白豆蔻饮之，其病顿除。派人问调理药，我教他断绝所有药物与肉食，自然平安。
以上阳虚恶寒的五种方法，都以人参、黄芪为君药。第一种方法佐以附子，中间三种方法佐以升阳之剂，最后一种方法佐以消痰之剂。
【李东垣】脾胃的病，开始是热中，最终传变为寒中。经书说：阴盛生内寒。厥气上逆，寒积于胸中，这是肾水反来侮土，这叫所胜者妄行。表现为中满腹胀，流涎，流清涕，或溺，足下痛，不能承受身体站立，骨乏无力，喜睡，两丸多冷，时常隐隐作痛，或妄见鬼状，夜梦亡人，腰背胛眼腰脊俱痛，而不渴不泻。这是温气去，寒独留，寒独留则血凝泣，血凝泣则脉不通，所以脉盛大而涩，名为寒中。
白术附子汤
药材：白术、附子（炮）、陈皮、苍术（制）、浓朴（制）、半夏（汤泡）、茯苓（去皮）、泽泻（各一两），猪苓（去皮，半两），肉桂（四钱）。
制法与用法：锉如麻豆大小，每次服用五钱，水二盏，生姜三片，煎至一盏，食前温服，根据虚实加减。
患热中证的人，冲脉之火依附于二阴之里，传至督脉。督脉，是第二十一椎下的长强穴，与足太阳膀胱寒气为附经。督脉旺盛时如巨川之水，疾如奔马，其势不可遏止。太阳寒气细细如线，督脉逆太阳，寒气上行，冲顶入额，下鼻尖，入手太阳，传于胸中。手太阳者，丙，热气也。足太阳膀胱者，壬，寒气也。壬能克丙，寒热逆于胸中，所以脉盛大。其手太阳小肠热气不能交入膀胱经，所以十一经的盛气积于胸中，所以脉盛大。其膀胱逆行盛之极，子能令母实，手阳明大肠金即其母也，所以燥旺。其燥气挟子之势，所以脉涩而大便不通。以此言之，脉盛大而涩者，是手阳明大肠脉。
如果见此病中任一症皆为寒，禁用诸甘酸药。
【《素问》】黄帝说：人身不是衣服冷，体内没有寒气，为什么寒从中生？岐伯说：这个人多有痹气。阳气少，阴气多，所以身寒如从水中出。黄帝说：有人身寒，汤火不能热，厚衣不能温，但不冻栗，这是什么病？岐伯说：这个人素来肾气胜，从事水性工作。太阳气衰，肾脂枯不长，一水不能胜两火。肾者水也，而生于骨，肾不生则髓不能满，所以寒甚至骨。之所以不能冻栗，是因为肝为一阳，心为二阳，肾为孤脏，一水不能胜二火，所以不能冻栗，名为骨痹，这种人应当挛节。（出自《逆调论》）
【张元素】说：白天恶寒，是阴气上溢于阳分。夜晚恶寒，是阴血自旺于阴分。
【王海藏】气分寒，用桂枝加附子汤。（方见伤寒自汗。）桂枝加芍药人参新加汤。（方见伤寒体痛。）血分寒，用巴戟丸、神珠丸。（方见治虚实法。）
巴戟丸
药材：良姜（六两），紫金藤（十六两），巴戟（二两），青盐（二两），肉桂、吴茱萸（各四两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，酒糊丸，每次服用二十丸，暖盐酒送下，盐汤也可以。
三焦寒用药大致规律：上焦寒，用陈皮、浓朴、藿香。中焦寒，大小便不通，用白术、干姜、丁香。下焦寒，用肉桂、附子、沉香。
上焦 （桂附丸 铁刷汤 胡椒理中丸）
中焦 （二气丹 大建中汤）
下焦 （还少丹 八味丸 天真丹）
胡椒理中丸
药材：款冬花（去梗）、胡椒、甘草（炙）、荜茇、良姜（各四两），白术（五两），干姜、陈皮（去白）、细辛（去苗。各四两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，炼蜜丸，如梧子大。每次服用五十丸。温汤、酒、米饮任下。
铁刷汤
药材：良姜（炮，六两），茴香（二两），甘草（炙，一两），苍术（米泔浸一宿，八两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，每次服用二钱，生姜三片，盐一捻，水一盏，煎至七分，温服，或热酒调下。
二气丹
药材：肉桂（去粗皮）、硫黄（细研。各一钱），干姜（炮）、朱砂（研，为衣。各二钱），附子（一个去皮脐，炮制为末，半两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，研匀，面糊为丸，梧子大。每次服用三十丸，盐汤下。
附子理中丸
药材：人参（去芦）、附子（炮去皮脐）、干姜（炮）、甘草（炙）、白术（各三两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，炼蜜和丸。每一两作十丸，每次服用一丸，以水一盏化破，煎至七分服。
大建中汤：治疗内虚里急少气，手足厥逆，少腹挛急。或腹满弦急，不能起卧，微汗出，阴缩。或腹中寒痛，不堪劳苦，唇口干，精自出。或手足乍寒乍热，而烦苦酸痛，不能久立。补中益气。
药材：桂心（一钱），芍药、黄芪（各二钱），甘草（一钱，炙），生姜（五钱），当归、人参（各三钱），附子（半钱），半夏（二钱），枣（三枚）。
制法与用法：切碎，水五盏，煎至三盏，去渣，分三服。
【李东垣】天真丹：治疗下焦阳虚。
药材：沉香、巴戟（酒浸，炒，去心）、茴香（盐炒香，去盐）、破故纸（炒）、萆薢（酒浸，焙）、胡芦巴（炒）、杜仲（麸炒，去丝）、琥珀（各一两），官桂（五钱），牵牛（炒黑，去盐，取头末一两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，用浸药酒糊为丸，梧子大。每次服用五十丸至八十丸，空心温酒下。
【王海藏】下焦寒，参照四逆汤例。干姜味苦，能止而不行。附子味辛，能行而不守。泄小便不通，二药皆阳，气化能作小便。若姜、附、术三味，内加茯苓，以分利之为佳。附子生用而不炮，则无火力，热则行而不止，兼以水多煎少，则热直入下焦。
代灸膏：治疗老人衰弱，元气虚冷，脏腑虚滑，腰脚冷痛沉重，饮食减少，手足逆冷不能忍者。用此代替艾灸，其效不能尽述。
药材：大附子（一个，炮）、吴茱萸、桂皮、木香、蛇床子（各半两），马蔺草（一两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，每次用药半匙，白面半匙，生姜汁半盏，用煎成膏，摊于纸上，临卧贴脐，以油纸覆其上，绵衣系之，自夜至明乃去，每夜如此贴之，其腰腹如灸百壮。除寒积，腰疼贴腰眼。
背恶寒是痰饮。张仲景说：心下有留饮，其人背恶寒，冷如冰。治法用茯苓丸之类。（方见惊悸。）身前寒属胃。经书说：胃足阳明之脉气虚，则身以前皆寒栗。治法宜针法，补三里穴是也。手足寒者，是厥证。（治见厥。）掌中寒者腹中寒。鱼上白肉有青血脉者，胃中有寒。（腹胃寒，理中之类也。全见诊法。）
五脏寒方：肝寒，双和汤。（方见治虚实法。）心寒，定志丸、菖蒲丸。（方见小儿。）脾寒，益黄散。（方见小儿。）肺寒，小青龙汤。（方见伤寒。）肾寒，八味丸。（方见治虚实法。）
【李东垣】沉香桂附丸
药材：沉香、附子（炮）、肉桂、干姜（炮）、良姜、吴茱萸、茴香（炒）、川乌（各一两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，醋煮面糊为丸，桐子大。每次服用五七十丸，米饮下，食前一服。忌生冷。
【王海藏】大已寒丸
药材：荜茇、肉桂（各四两），干姜（炮）、良姜（各六两）。
制法与用法：研为细末，水煮面糊为丸，如梧子大。每次服用二十粒，米饮汤下，食前服。
【李东垣】诸脉按之无力所生病症：六脉中的下得弦细而涩，按之无力，腹中时痛，心胃相控睾，隐隐而痛。或大便溏泄，鼻不闻香臭，清浊涕不止，目中泪出，喘喝痰嗽，唾出白沫，腰沉沉苦痛，项背胸胁时作痛，目中流火，口鼻恶寒，时时头痛目眩，苦振寒不止。或嗽或吐，或呕或哕，则发躁蒸蒸而热，如坐甄中，必得去衣，居寒处或饮寒水，则便如故。其振寒复至，或气短促，胸中满闷而痛，如有膈咽不通欲绝之状。甚则口开目瞪，声闻于外，而泪涕痰涎大作。其发躁方过，而振寒复至，或面白而不泽者，脱血也。悲愁不乐，情惨意悲，健忘，或善嚏，此风热大损寒水燥金之复也。如六脉细弦而涩，按之空虚，此大寒症也，亦伤精气，以辛甘温热润之剂，大泻西北二方则愈。
姜附汤：治疗中寒口噤，四肢强直，失音不语，忽然晕倒，口吐涎沫，状如暗风，手足厥冷，或复烦躁。兼治阴证伤寒，大便利而发热者。
药材：干姜、熟附子（等分）。
制法与用法：切碎，每次服用四钱，水一盏半，煎至七分，去渣温服。或虑此药性太燥，即以附子理中汤相继服饵。姜附本治伤寒经下后又复发汗，内外俱虚，身无大热，昼则烦躁，夜则安静不渴，六脉沉伏，并宜服此。不知脉者，更宜审之。兼治中脘虚寒，久积痰水，心腹冷痛，霍乱转筋，四肢厥逆。一方附子汤以生用者，名曰白通汤。一方白通汤内加白术倍之，甘草减半，名生附子白术汤。治中风湿昏闷恍惚，腹胀满，身重，手足螈疭，自汗，失音不语，便利不禁。一方用姜附汤加麻黄、白术、人参、甘草等分，名附子麻黄汤。治中寒湿昏晕缓弱，腰脊强急，口眼歪斜，语声混浊，胸腹痞胀，气上喘急，不能转动。更宜审而用之。
【王海藏】六月大热之气，反得大寒之病，气难布息，身凉脉迟，何以治之？答曰：病有标本，病热为本，大寒为标。用凉则顺时而失本，用热则顺本而失时，故不从乎标本而从乎中治。中治者何？用温是已。然既曰温，则不能治大寒之病。治大寒者，非姜、附不可。若用姜、附，又似非温治之例，然衰其大半乃止。脉得四至，余病便无，令治之足矣。虽用姜附，是亦中治也。非温而何？经曰：中热远热，虽用之不当，然胜至可犯，亦其理也。
上虚寒正治，盖谓脉虚而恶寒者设也。脉虚恶寒，真寒也，故正治。
【朱丹溪】色目妇人，年近六十，六月内常觉恶寒战栗，喜炎火御绵，多汗如雨，其形肥肌浓，已服附子十余帖，浑身痒甚，两手脉沉涩，重取稍大，知其热甚而血虚也。以四物去川芎，倍地黄，加白术、黄芪、炒黄柏、
[From "Da Quan"] Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction): Treats various deficiencies and insufficiencies after childbirth, presenting with fever and night sweats.
Herbs: Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) in equal parts.
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above herbs into fine powder. Take one pig kidney, remove the fat membrane, cut into small slices, add three sheng of water, half he of glutinous rice, and two stalks of scallion white part. Boil until the rice is cooked, filter to obtain one zhan of clear juice. Add two qian of herbal powder, decoct until reduced to eight fen. Take warm at any time.
[Luo Qianfu] Xijiao Yinzi (Rhinoceros Horn Infusion): Treats postpartum fluid depletion and deficiency, spontaneous sweating, fever with fatigue, and dryness of lips and mouth.
Herbs: Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis), Maidong (Radix Ophiopogonis), Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae) each ban liang; Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) yi liang; Zhike (Fructus Aurantii, stir-fried with bran); Gubipi (Cortex Lycii); Shengdi (Radix Rehmanniae); Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae, stir-fried); Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Fuling (Poria), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), Huangqi (Radix Astragali) each qi qian.
Preparation and Administration: Cut the herbs into small pieces. Add seventy grains of floating wheat and three slices of ginger. Decoct in water. Take four qian per dose.
Postpartum fever mostly belongs to deficiency-cold. Only by adding Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) to tonifying medicines can it be miraculous. This is Danxi's method.
[Zhu Danxi] For aversion to cold due to Yang deficiency, use Renshen (Radix Ginseng) and Huangqi (Radix Astragali). In severe cases, add a small amount of Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) to promote the Qi-moving action of Renshen and Huangqi.
Mr. Lv from Yongkang, my relative by marriage, was thin with dark skin, loved drinking wine throughout his life, could drink much without getting drunk, was nearly fifty years old, and had another residence. Suddenly one day, he suffered from severe aversion to cold and trembling, claimed to be thirsty but could not drink. I palpated his pulse: large and weak, only the Right Guan position was slightly full, resembling a string-like pulse slightly, and choppy upon heavy pressure. I diagnosed it as internal retention of heat from alcohol that could not vent, caused by exterior heat leading to lower deficiency. I used Huangqi (Radix Astragali) alone, decocted with Gegen (Radix Puerariae), and had him consume it all. Huangqi two liang, Gegen one liang. The pulse became small, and he recovered the next day.
[Li Dongyuan] Spleen and Stomach deficiency leads to lethargy and desire to lie down, weakness of the four limbs. When the autumn dryness command prevails and damp-heat recedes slightly, there is heaviness of the body and joint pain, dryness of mouth and tongue, lack of taste in food, irregular bowel movements, frequent urination, anorexia, and indigestion. Accompanied by Lung disease symptoms: chills, sadness and unhappiness, dull and discordant complexion. This is due to Yang Qi failing to extend. One should raise Yang and benefit the Stomach, named Shengyang Yiewei Tang (Raise Yang Benefit Stomach Decoction).
Herbs: Qianghuo (Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii) ban liang; Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) san qian; Duhuo (Radix Angelicae Pubescentis) ban liang; Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae) ban liang (because Autumn strengthens Metal/Lung, so use acrid-warm to drain it); Renshen (Radix Ginseng) yi liang, remove radicle; Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae, honey-fried) yi liang; Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae) san qian; Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae) yi liang, washed with hot water (can be used if pulse is choppy); Huangqi (Radix Astragali) er liang; Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis) san qian (do not use if no strangury); Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) er qian; Fuling (Poria) er qian (do not use if urination is free and no thirst); Jupi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, do not remove pith) si qian; Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) wu qian. (Why use Renshen, Baizhu, Shaoyao etc. to tonify when Autumn is strong? Because Spleen/Stomach deficiency affects the Lung, so we tonify the Mother organ according to the season.)
Preparation and Administration: Cut into small pieces. Take san qian per dose, with five slices of fresh ginger and two dates (pitted). Add three zhan of water, decoct to one zhan, strain, take warm. Take after breakfast and before lunch. Follow previous contraindications. Gradually increase dosage to wu qian. If urination is free but illness worsens, diuresis is inappropriate; reduce Fuling and Zexie. If appetite returns, do not overeat on the first one or two days, lest the Stomach Qi be injured again, as the medicinal power is insufficient for Stomach Qi to transport and ascend. Eat light flavors, or rich foods to assist medicinal power, promoting ascending Qi and nourishing Stomach Qi. Avoid bland food which damages medicinal power and aids pathogenic sinking. Light physical activity helps Stomach and medicine transport and ascend. Avoid excessive labor which re-injures Stomach Qi. Quietude for Spleen/Stomach is best. If Stomach Qi strengthens slightly, eat some fruits to assist grain-medicine power. Grains nourish; fruits assist. (Contraindications: avoid talking for one or two hours after taking medicine, and avoid alcohol, damp noodles, strong spices, cold steamed foods, cold/cool/diuretic substances.)
Huangqi Buwei Tang (Astragalus Tonify Stomach Decoction): Treats exterior deficiency with aversion to thieving wind.
Herbs: Huangqi (Radix Astragali) san qian; Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae) yi qian; Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae) yi qian; Caodoukou (Semen Cardamomi) yi qian ban; Jupi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) yi qian ban; Qingpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride) qi fen; Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) yi qian; Xiangbaizhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae) yi qian ban; Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae) san fen; Gaoben (Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong) san fen; Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri) liu fen; Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri) ba fen.
Preparation and Administration: Cut like hemp seeds. Two zhan of water, decoct to one zhan, strain, take slightly warm before meals.
[Zhu Danxi] Hu Junxi from Jinyun, age thirty-one, fat and large, slightly dark and thick complexion, wealthy and well-off, specifically fond of rich tastes. Two years ago, he contracted Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), treated with cold-cooling medicines and found relief. Someone advised him to use tonification after illness, instructing him to eat only yellow hens. He ate over a thousand, gradually developing chest fullness and vomiting. Physicians thought it was Stomach cold, prescribed over a hundred doses of Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Chenxiang (Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum), curing the vomiting. A month later, weather was very hot. Suddenly he feared wind, and his feet feared ground qi. He piled straw chi thick, laid a bamboo mat, pasted heavy paper, only then could he sit or lie. His hands could not hold a pen, nose and mouth had no breath to respire, speaking lacked strength, walking ten steps caused fatigue. Pulse was floating, large, and empty, only four beats per respiration. I judged it was internal damp-phlegm, caused by excessive dry-hot medicines, leading to Qi consumption and Blood scattering. In midsummer, he should have died. But his dark/thick complexion indicated Yuan Qi was still intact, able to digest food. So I used Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Huangqi (Radix Astragali), Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae) boiled into paste, decocted with light Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae) soup, mixed with Zhuli (Nodus Bambusae in Taenia) for drinking. After three days, all illnesses cured. Ordered him to completely stop eating meat. After one month, health restored. Then he ate rice with chicken soup. After one month, chest and abdomen became very distended. He self-decocted Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) plus Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Baidoukou (Semen Amomi Rotundus), curing the illness immediately. Asked for conditioning advice, I taught him to stop all medicines and meat drinks, naturally safe.
The above five methods for Yang-deficiency aversion to cold all use Renshen (Radix Ginseng) and Huangqi (Radix Astragali) as Sovereign herbs. The first method assists with Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata); the middle three methods assist with Yang-raising agents; the last method assists with phlegm-resolving agents.
[Li Dongyuan] Spleen and Stomach diseases start as Re Zhong (Middle Heat) and finally transmit to Han Zhong (Middle Cold). The Classics say: Yin excess generates internal cold. Jue Qi reverses upward, cold accumulates in the chest. This is Kidney Water insulting Earth, called "the conquered acting recklessly." Symptoms: abdominal fullness and distension, salivation, clear nasal discharge, or urinary issues, foot pain, inability to bear standing, bone weakness, drowsiness, cold testicles, occasional dull pain, hallucinations of ghosts, dreaming of deceased, pain in waist, back, shoulder blades, eyes, spine, without thirst or diarrhea. This is warmth leaving, cold remaining alone. Cold remaining causes blood congealing and stagnation, blocking pulses. Thus pulse is large, vigorous, and choppy, named Han Zhong (Middle Cold).
Baizhu Fuzi Tang (Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction)
Herbs: Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis), Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, processed), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae, hot water soaked), Fuling (Poria, peeled), Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis) each yi liang; Zhuling (Poria, peeled) ban liang; Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi) si qian.
Preparation and Administration: Cut like hemp seeds. Take wu qian per dose, two zhan of water, three slices of ginger, decoct to one zhan, take warm before meals, adjust based on deficiency/excess.
For patients with Re Zhong (Middle Heat) syndrome, Fire of the Chong Mai attaches to the interior of the two Yin meridians, transmitting to the Du Mai. Du Mai is Changqiang (GV1) below the twenty-first vertebra, attaching to the Cold Qi of Foot Taiyang Bladder. When Du Mai is vigorous, it is like a great river, fast as a galloping horse, unstoppable. Taiyang Cold Qi is thin as a thread. Du Mai opposes Taiyang, Cold Qi ascends, hits the vertex, enters the forehead, goes down the nose tip, enters Hand Taiyang, transmits to the chest. Hand Taiyang is Bing (Fire), Hot Qi. Foot Taiyang Bladder is Ren (Water), Cold Qi. Ren controls Bing, Cold and Heat reverse in the chest, thus pulse is large and vigorous. Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Hot Qi cannot enter Bladder Meridian, so盛 Qi of eleven meridians accumulates in the chest, pulse is large and vigorous. Bladder reversal reaches extreme, Child makes Mother solid, Hand Yangming Large Intestine Metal is its Mother, thus Dryness is vigorous. Dryness borrows Child's momentum, thus pulse is choppy and stool is blocked. Therefore, large/vigorous/choppy pulse refers to Hand Yangming Large Intestine pulse.
If any symptom of this disease indicates Cold, forbid all sweet and sour medicines.
[Su Wen] Emperor said: The body is not cold from clothes, nor is there internal cold, why does cold generate from within? Qibo said: This person has much Bi Qi (Obstruction Qi). Yang Qi is little, Yin Qi is much, thus body feels cold as if coming out of water. Emperor said: Some feel cold, hot water/fire cannot warm them, thick clothes cannot warm them, yet they do not shiver. What disease is this? Qibo said: This person originally had strong Kidney Qi, engaged in watery work. Taiyang Qi declined, Kidney marrow dried and failed to grow. One Water cannot overcome two Fires. Kidney is Water, generates Bone. If Kidney fails to grow, Marrow cannot fill, thus cold reaches the bones. Why no shivering? Liver is one Yang, Heart is two Yangs, Kidney is solitary Zang. One Water cannot overcome two Fires, thus no shivering. Named Gu Bi (Bone Bi), this person will have contracture of joints. (From Ni Tiao Lun)
[Zhang Yuansu] said: Daytime aversion to cold is Yin Qi overflowing into Yang divisions. Nighttime aversion to cold is Yin Blood flourishing in Yin divisions.
[Wang Haizheng] Qi division Cold: Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Plus Aconite Decoction). (Formula seen in Self-Sweating from Cold Damage). Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Renshen Xinjia Tang (Cinnamon Twig Plus Peony and Ginseng New Added Decoction). (Formula seen in Body Pain from Cold Damage). Blood division Cold: Bajigan Wan (Morinda Pill), Shenzhu Wan (Divine Pearl Pill). (Formulas seen in Treating Deficiency/Excess).
Bajigan Wan
Herbs: Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum) liu liang; Zijinteng (Caulis Cyathulae) shiliu liang; Bajitian (Radix Morindae Officinalis) er liang; Qingyan (Sal) er liang; Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae) each si liang.
Preparation and Administration: Powder, wine paste pills. Take twenty pills, send down with warm salt wine or salt soup.
General rules for Three Burner Cold: Upper Burner Cold: Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis), Huoxiang (Herba Pogostemonis). Middle Burner Cold, constipation/urinary retention: Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis), Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli). Lower Burner Cold: Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), Chenxiang (Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum).
Upper Burner (Guifu Wan, Tieshua Tang, Hujiao Lizhong Wan)
Middle Burner (Erqi Dan, Da Jianzhong Tang)
Lower Burner (Huanshao Dan, Bawei Wan, Tianzhen Dan)
Hujiao Lizhong Wan (Pepper Regulate Middle Pill)
Herbs: Kuandonghua (Flos Farfarae, remove stem), Hujiao (Piper Longum), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae, honey-fried), Bibo (Fructus Piperis Kadsurae), Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum) each si liang; Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae) wu liang; Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, remove white pith), Xixin (Herba Asari) each si liang.
Preparation and Administration: Powder, refined honey pills, size of Sophora seeds. Take fifty pills. Send down with warm water, wine, or rice drink.
Tieshua Tang (Iron Brush Decoction)
Herbs: Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, processed) liu liang; Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi) er liang; Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae, honey-fried) yi liang; Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis) soaked in rice wash overnight ba liang.
Preparation and Administration: Fine powder. Take two qian per dose, three slices of ginger, pinch of salt, one zhan of water, decoct to seven fen, take warm, or mix with hot wine.
Erqi Dan (Two Qi Pill)
Herbs: Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi, remove rough bark), Liu Huang (Sulfur, finely ground) each yi qian; Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, processed), Zhusha (Cinnabaris, ground for coating) each er qian; Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, one piece, peel navel, process to powder) ban liang.
Preparation and Administration: Fine powder, mix evenly, wheat paste pills, size of Sophora seeds. Take thirty pills, send down with salt soup.
Fuzi Lizhong Wan (Aconite Regulate Middle Pill)
Herbs: Renshen (Radix Ginseng, remove radicle), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, peel navel), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, processed), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae, honey-fried), Baizhu (Radix Atractylodis Macrocephalae) each san liang.
Preparation and Administration: Powder, refined honey pills. One liang makes ten pills. Take one pill, dissolve in one zhan of water, decoct to seven fen, take.
Da Jianzhong Tang (Great Construct Middle Decoction): Treats interior deficiency with urgency and shortness of Qi, cold extremities, cramping in lower abdomen. Or abdominal fullness/tightness, unable to rise/lie, slight sweating, Yin retraction. Or abdominal cold pain, intolerable to labor, dry lips/mouth, seminal emission. Or alternating cold/heat in extremities, vexatious soreness/pain, unable to stand long. Tonifies Middle and benefits Qi.
Herbs: Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi) yi qian; Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Huangqi (Radix Astragali) each er qian; Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhzae, honey-fried) yi qian; Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) wu qian; Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Renshen (Radix Ginseng) each san qian; Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) ban qian; Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae) er qian; Zao (Fructus Jujubae) three pieces.
Preparation and Administration: Cut. Five zhan of water, decoct to three zhan, strain, divide into three doses.
[Li Dongyuan] Tianzhen Dan (Divine True Pill): Treats Lower Burner Yang deficiency.
Herbs: Chenxiang (Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum), Bajitian (Radix Morindae Officinalis, wine-soaked, fried, remove heart), Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi, salt-fried fragrant, remove salt), Poguzhi (Semen Cistanches), Bixie (Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae, wine-soaked, baked), Huluba (Semen Trigonellae), Duzhong (Cortex Eucommiae, bran-fried, remove fibers), Hupo (Electrum) each yi liang; Guanzi Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi) wu qian; Qianniu (Semen Pharbitidis, fried black, remove salt, take head powder) yi liang.
Preparation and Administration: Powder, medicinal wine paste pills, size of Sophora seeds. Take fifty to eighty pills, warm wine on empty stomach.
[Wang Haizheng] Lower Burner Cold, refer to Sini Tang example. Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis) is bitter, stops but does not move. Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) is acrid, moves but does not stop. For urinary obstruction, both are Yang, Qi transformation produces urine. If Ganjiang, Fuzi, Baizhu are combined with Fuling (Poria) for separation and drainage, it is good. Raw Fuzi without processing lacks fire power; if hot, it moves uncontrollably. With more water and less decoction time, heat enters Lower Burner directly.
Daijiu Gao (Moxibustion-Replacing Paste): Treats elderly weakness, primordial Qi deficiency/cold, visceral deficiency/slippage, cold/pain/heaviness in waist/legs, decreased appetite, cold extremities unbearable. Using this replaces moxibustion, effects indescribable.
Herbs: Dafuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed, one piece), Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae), Guipi (Cortex Cinnamomi), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Chuangzi (Semen Cnidii) each ban liang; Malincao (Herba Centipedae) yi liang.
Preparation and Administration: Fine powder. Use half spoon of medicine, half spoon of white flour, half zhan of fresh ginger juice. Cook into paste, spread on paper, apply to umbilicus before sleep, cover with oil paper, tie with cotton cloth, remove next morning. Apply nightly. Waist/abdomen feels like hundred moxa burns. Removes cold accumulation, apply to Yaoyan (waist eyes) for back pain.
Back aversion to cold is Phlegm-Fluid. Zhang Zhongjing said: Retained fluid in Heart area causes back aversion to cold, cold as ice. Treatment uses Fuling Wan (Poria Pill) type. (Formula seen in Palpitations). Front body cold belongs to Stomach. Classics say: Deficiency of Foot Yangming Stomach meridian Qi causes cold/shivering of front body. Treatment should be acupuncture, tonifying Zusanli (ST36). Cold hands/feet is Jue (Reversal). (Treatment seen in Jue). Cold palms is abdominal cold. Blue veins on white flesh of fish indicate Cold in Stomach. (Abdominal/Stomach cold, Lizhong types. See Diagnosis methods.)
Five Zang Cold Formulas: Liver Cold: Shuanghe Tang (Double Harmony Decoction). Heart Cold: Dingzhi Wan (Settle Will Pill), Changpu Wan (Acorus Pill). Spleen Cold: Yihuang San (Benefit Yellow Powder). Lung Cold: Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Green Dragon Decoction). Kidney Cold: Bawei Wan (Eight Ingredients Pill).
[Wang Haizheng] General treatment for Great Cold: Da Yihan Wan (Great Cold-Resolved Pill), Sini Tang (Reverse the Extremity Decoction).
[Li Dongyuan] Chen Shen Guifu Wan (Agarwood Cinnamon Aconite Pill)
Herbs: Chenxiang (Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, processed), Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum), Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae), Huixiang (Fructus Foeniculi, fried), Chuanwu (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Processed) each yi liang.
Preparation and Administration: Powder, vinegar-boiled wheat paste pills, size of tung seeds. Take fifty to seventy pills, rice drink, one dose before meal. Avoid raw/cold.
[Wang Haizheng] Da Yihan Wan (Great Cold-Resolved Pill)
Herbs: Bibo (Fructus Piperis Kadsurae), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi) each si liang; Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, processed), Liangjiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum) each liu liang.
Preparation and Administration: Fine powder, water-boiled wheat paste pills, size of Sophora seeds. Take twenty pills, rice drink, before meal.
[Li Dongyuan] Diseases generated by pulses that are powerless upon pressing: Among six pulses, lower level is string-thin-choppy, powerless upon pressing. Abdominal intermittent pain, Heart/Stomach controlling testicles, dull pain. Or loose stools, nose insensitive to smells, continuous clear/turbid discharge, tearing, panting/phlegm cough, spitting white foam, heavy/sore waist, intermittent neck/back/chest/flank pain, eyes flowing fire, aversion to cold at mouth/nose, frequent headache/dizziness, severe chills unceasing. Or cough/vomit/regurgitation, then restlessness/rising heat, sitting in steamer, must remove clothes, stay in cold place or drink cold water to feel normal. Chills return, or shortness of breath, chest fullness/pain, feeling of throat blockage about to sever. Severe cases: mouth open, eyes staring, voice audible outside, tears/nasal discharge/phlegm/saliva abundant. After restlessness passes, chills return, or pale lusterless face indicates Blood loss. Sadness/unhappiness, despair, forgetfulness, or frequent sneezing, this is Wind-Heat severely damaging Cold-Water/Dry-Metal recovery. If six pulses are thin-string-choppy, empty upon pressing, this is Great Cold syndrome, also damaging Essence/Qi. Use acrid-sweet-warm-moistening agents, greatly drain Northwest two directions to cure.
Jiang Fu Tang (Ginger Aconite Decoction): Treats Middle Cold with locked jaw, limb rigidity, aphasia, sudden fainting, spitting saliva, resembling hidden wind, cold extremities, or recurrent irritability. Also treats Yin-pattern Cold Damage with profuse diarrhea and fever.
Herbs: Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis), Shu Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed) equal parts.
Preparation and Administration: Cut. Take four qian per dose, one and a half zhan of water, decoct to seven fen, strain, take warm. If worried about dryness, follow with Fuzi Lizhong Wan (Aconite Regulate Middle Pill). Jiang Fu originally treats Cold Damage after purgation and repeated sweating, interior/exterior both deficient, no high fever, daytime irritability, nighttime quiet/no thirst, six pulses deep-hidden. All suitable for this. Those unfamiliar with pulses should examine carefully. Also treats Middle Jiao deficiency-cold, long-standing phlegm-water, cold pain in heart/abdomen, cholera with tendon snapping, cold extremities. One formula uses raw Fuzi Tang, named Baitong Tang. Another adds doubled Baizhu and halved Gancao to Baitong Tang, named Sheng Fuzi Baizhu Tang. Treats Middle Cold-Damp with dizziness/confusion, abdominal fullness, body heaviness, limb twitching, spontaneous sweating, aphasia, incontinence. Another uses Jiang Fu Tang plus Mahuang, Baizhu, Renshen, Gancao equal parts, named Fuzi Mahuang Tang. Treats Middle Cold-Damp dizziness/weakness, stiff neck/spine, facial deviation, turbid voice, chest/abdominal bloating, rapid breathing, inability to turn. Examine carefully before use.
[Wang Haizheng] June's intense heat, suddenly contracting Great Cold disease, difficult breathing, cool body, slow pulse. How to treat? Answer: Disease has Root and Branch. Heat disease is Root, Great Cold is Branch. Using cooling follows time but loses Root; using heat follows Root but loses time. Thus do not follow Root/Branch but follow Middle Treatment. What is Middle Treatment? Using Warmth. But since it is Warm, it cannot treat Great Cold. To treat Great Cold, only Ginger and Aconite suffice. If using Ginger/Aconite, it seems not Warm treatment, but reduce until majority is gone then stop. Pulse gets four beats, other illnesses vanish, treating this is sufficient. Though using Ginger/Aconite, this is also Middle Treatment. If not Warm, what is it? Classics say: In mid-heat, avoid heat. Even if improper use, overcoming arrival allows violation, this is also principle.
Above, correct treatment for deficiency-cold is set for those with deficient pulse and aversion to cold. Deficient pulse with aversion to cold is True Cold, hence correct treatment.
[Zhu Danxi] Woman of color/eyes, nearly sixty, often felt aversion to cold and trembling in June, liked fire/wadding, sweating like rain, fat/thick flesh, already took over ten doses of Fuzi, whole body very itchy, both hands pulse deep-choppy, heavy press slightly large. Knows heat is severe and Blood is deficient. Use Siwu Tang removing Chuanxiong, double Dihuang, add Baizhu, Huangqi, stir-fried Huangbai...