病机玄蕴，脉理幽深。虽圣经之备载，匪师授而罔明。处百病而决死生，须探阴阳脉候，订七方而
施药石；当推苦乐志形，邪之所客，标本莫逃乎六气。病之所起，枢机不越乎四因。一辨色、
二辨音、乃医家圣神妙用。三折肱，九折臂，原病者感受舆情。能穷浮、沉、迟、数、滑、涩、大、缓八
脉之奥，便知表、里、虚、实、寒、热、邪、正八要之名。八脉为诸脉纲领，八要是众病权
衡。涩为血少精伤，责责然往来涩滞，如刀刮竹之状；滑为痰多气
盛，替替然应指圆滑，似珠流动之形。迟寒数热，纪至数多少；浮表沉里，在举按重轻。缓则正复，和若
春风柳舞，大则病进，势如秋水潮生。六脉同等者，喜其勿药；六脉偏盛者，忧其采薪。表宜
汗解，里即下平。救表则桂枝 芍，救里则姜附参苓。病有虚实之殊，虚者补而实者泻；邪有寒热之异，
寒者温而热者清。外邪是风寒暑湿燥之所客，内邪则虚实贼微正之相乘。正乃胃之真气，良由
国之鲠臣。驱邪如逐寇盗，必亟攻而尽剿；养正如待小人，在修已而正心。地土浓薄，究有余不足之禀赋；运
气胜复，推太过不及之流行。脉病既得乎心法，用药奚患乎弗灵？原夫中风，当分真伪。真者，见六经形证，
有中脏腑、血脉之分；伪者，遵三子发挥，有属湿火，气虚之谓。中脏命危，中腑肢废。在经络则
口眼 斜，中血脉则半身不遂。僵仆卒倒，必用补汤；痰气拥塞，可行吐剂。手足螈 曰搐，背项反张曰 。
或为风痱偏枯，或变风痹、风懿，瘫痪痿易，四肢缓而不仁，风湿寒并，三气合而为
痹。虽善行数变之莫测，皆木胜风淫之所致。雪霜凛冽总是寒邪；酷日炎蒸皆为暑类。伤寒则脉紧身寒，中
暑则脉虚热炽。暑当敛补而清，寒可温散而去。诸痉强直，体重附肿，由山泽风雨湿蒸；诸
涩枯涸，干劲皴揭，皆天地整肃燥气。湿则害其皮肉，燥则涸其肠胃，西北风高土燥，尝苦渴闭痈疡；东南
地卑水湿，多染瘅肿泄痢。其邪有伤有中，盖伤之浅，而中之深。在人有壮有怯，故壮者行而怯者剧。天人七
火，君相五志，为工者能知直折顺性之理，而术可通神。善医者解行反法求属之道，而病无不治。虚火实火，
补泻各合乎宜；湿热火热，攻发必异乎剂。既通六气之机，可垂千古之誉。尝闻血属阴，不足则生热，斯河
间之确论；气属阳，有余便是火，佩丹溪之格言。气盛者为喘急，为胀满，为痞塞，兼降火
必自己；血虚者为吐衄，为劳瘵，为烦蒸，非清热而难痊。理中汤治脾胃虚冷，润下丸化胸膈痰涎。暴呕
吐逆，为寒所致；久嗽咯血，是火之愆。平胃散疗湿胜濡泄不止。益荣汤治怔忡恍忽无眠。枳
壳散、达生散令孕妇束胎而易产。麻仁丸、润肠丸治老人少血而难便。定惊悸，须索牛黄、琥珀；化仗鹤
虱雷丸。通闭以葵菜、菠 ，取其滑能利窍；消瘿以昆布、海藻，因其咸能软坚。斯先肾之
秘妙，启后进之无传。所谓夏伤于暑，秋必作疟。近而暴者，实时可廖；远而 者，三日一发。若瘅疟但用
清肌，在阴分勿行截药。人参养胃，治寒多热少而虚；柴胡清脾，理热多寒少而渴。自汗阳亏，盗汗阴弱。
嗽而无声有痰兮，脾受湿侵，咳而有声无痰兮，肺由火烁。霍乱有寒有暑，何《局方》议乎辛温？积聚有虚有
实，岂世俗偏于峻削？当知木郁可令吐达；金郁泄而土郁夺，水郁折而火郁发。泄发即汗利之称，折夺是
攻抑之别。倒仓廪，去陈 ，中州荡涤良方；开鬼门，洁净府，上下分消妙法。如斯瞑眩，反掌生
杀，辄有一失，悔噬脐之莫追，因而再逆，耻方成之弗约。大抵暴病非热，久病非寒。臀背生疽，良由热
积所致；心腹卒痛，却乃暴寒所干。五泄五瘅因湿热，惟利水为尚；三消三衄为燥火，若滋
阴自安。呕吐咳逆，咎归于胃；阴 疝瘕，统属于肝。液归心而作汗，敛之者黄 六一；热内炽而发疹，消
之者人参化斑。身不安兮为躁，心不宁兮为烦，忽然寒僵起粟，昏冒者名为尸厥，卒尔跌仆
流涎，时醒者号曰癫痫。腹满吞酸，此是胃中留饮。胸膨嗳气，盖缘膈上停痰，欲挽回春之力，当修起死
之丹。窃谓阴阳二证，疗各不同，内外两伤，治须审别。内伤外伤，辨口鼻呼吸之情；阴证
阳证，察尺寸往来之脉，既明内外阴阳，便知虚实冷热。曰浊曰带，有赤有白，或属痰而或属火。白于气而赤
于血，本无寒热之分，但有虚实之说，痢亦同然。瘀积湿热，勿行淡渗兜涩汤丸，可
用汗下寒温涌泄。导赤散通小便癃闭，温白丸解大肠痛结，地骨皮散退劳热偏宜，青礞石丸化结痰甚捷。火
郁者必扪其肌，胎死者可验其舌。玄胡、苦楝医寒疝控引于二丸；当归、龙荟，泻湿热痛攻于
两胁。谙晓阴阳虚实之情，便是医家玄妙之诀。当以诸痛为实，诸痒为虚。虚者精气不足，实者邪气有余。
泄泻有肠垢、 溏，若滑脱则兜涩为当；腹痛有食积郁热，倘阴寒则姜附可施。厥心痛者，客寒犯胃，手
足温者，温散即已。真头痛者，入连于脑，爪甲黑者，危笃难医。结阳则肢肿有准，结阴则便血无疑。足
膝屈弱曰香港脚，肿痛者湿多热甚。腰痛不已曰肾虚，闪挫者气滞血瘀。巅顶苦疼，药尊 本，鼻渊不止，方
选莘荑。手麻有湿痰死血，手木缘风湿气虚，淋沥似欲通不通。气虚者清心莲子。便血审先粪后
粪。阴结者平胃地榆。盖闻溲便不利谓之类，饮食不下谓之格，乃阴阳有所偏乘，故脉息因而复溢。咳血与
呕血不同，咳血嗽起，呕血逆来。吞酸与吐酸各别，吞酸刺心，吐酸涌出。水停心下曰饮，
水积胁下曰癖。行水以泽泻、茯苓，攻癖以芫花、大戟。控涎丹虽云峻利，可逐伏痰；保和丸性味温平，
能消食积。溺血则血去无痛，有痛者自是赤淋。短气乃气难布息，粗息者却为喘急。胃脘当
心而痛，要分客热客寒；遍身历节而疼，须辨属风属湿。通圣散专疗诸风，越鞠丸能开六郁。虚弱者目眩头
晕，亦本痰火而成；湿热者精滑梦遗，或为思想而得。缘杂病绪紧无据，机要难明，非伤寒经
络有凭，形证可识，临病若能三思，用药终无一失，略举众疾之端，俾为后学之式。
病机深奥玄妙，脉理幽微深远。虽然经典医籍中已有详尽记载，但若无老师亲授，便难以真正明白。诊治百种疾病并判断生死预后，必须探究阴阳脉象的候应；制定“七方”（大、小、缓、急、奇、偶、复）以施用药物，应当推究患者的苦乐情志与形体状态。邪气所停留之处，标本关系无法逃脱六气（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）的影响；疾病产生的根源，枢机不出乎四种病因（外感、内伤、不内外因等）。
第一辨别面色，第二辨别声音，这是医生圣神般的微妙运用。第三所谓“三折肱，九折臂”，意指久病者往往最了解自身的病情感受。若能穷尽浮、沉、迟、数、滑、涩、大、缓这八种基本脉象的奥妙，就能知晓表、里、虚、实、寒、热、邪、正这八项辨证的名称。八脉是各种脉象的纲领，八要是众多疾病的权衡标准。
涩脉主血少精伤，指下感觉往来涩滞，如同刀刮竹子一般；滑脉主痰多气盛，指下感觉圆滑流利，如同珠子滚动一般。迟脉主寒，数脉主热，记录脉搏至数的多少；浮脉主表，沉脉主里，取决于举按手法的轻重。缓脉表示正气恢复，柔和如春风拂柳舞动；大脉表示病势进展，气势如秋水潮生。六部脉象同等和缓者，可喜其无需服药即可自愈；六部脉象偏盛者，忧虑其身体虚弱如打柴后疲惫不堪（或指病势沉重）。表证适宜用发汗法解除，里证即用泻下法平复。救治表证可用桂枝汤加芍药，救治里证可用干姜、附子、人参、茯苓。
疾病有虚实之分，虚证用补法，实证用泻法；邪气有寒热之异，寒证用温法，热证用清法。外邪是风、寒、暑、湿、燥邪气所客居，内邪则是虚、实、贼、微、正邪气相互乘袭。正气乃是胃中的真气，好比国家忠直的臣子。驱除邪气如同驱逐寇盗，必须急切进攻并彻底剿灭；养护正气如同对待小人，在于修养自身端正心术。
土地肥沃或贫瘠，究其根本是禀赋有余或不足；运气胜复变化，推演太过或不及的流行规律。既然掌握了脉诊的心法，用药何愁不灵验？
原来中风，应当分辨真伪。真中风，可见六经形证，有中脏腑、血脉之分；假中风（类中风），遵循三子（指刘河间、李东垣、朱丹溪三位医家对非外风中风的论述）发挥，有属于湿、火、气虚之说。中脏者命危，中腑者肢体废用。在经络则口眼歪斜，中血脉则半身不遂。突然僵仆倒地，必用补益汤剂；痰气拥塞，可行催吐剂。手足抽搐称为搐，背项强直反张称为痓。有的成为风痱、偏枯，有的变为风痹、风懿，瘫痪痿软，四肢弛缓而不仁，风湿寒三气合并，合而为痹。虽然善行数变难以预测，都是木气过胜、风邪淫溢所致。
雪霜凛冽总是寒邪；酷日炎蒸皆为暑类。伤寒则脉紧身寒，中暑则脉虚热炽。暑邪应当收敛补益并清热，寒邪可温散而去。各种痉病强直，体重浮肿，由山泽风雨湿气蒸腾所致；各种涩滞枯涸，皮肤干燥皲裂，皆因天地肃杀燥气引起。湿邪伤害皮肉，燥邪枯竭肠胃。西北风高土燥，常苦于口渴、便秘、痈疡；东南地势低洼水湿重，多染患黄疸、浮肿、泄痢。邪气有“伤”有“中”，大概伤之浅，中之深。在人则有强壮与怯弱之分，故壮者病轻而行缓，怯者病重而加剧。
天人七火，君相五志，作为医生若能懂得直接折服、顺应性情的道理，医术便可通神。善于医者能理解运用反法求属的道理，则病无不可治。虚火实火，补泻各合乎宜；湿热火热，攻发必异乎剂型。既通晓六气的机理，可垂千古之誉。
曾听说血属阴，不足则生热，这是河间（刘完素）的确论；气属阳，有余便是火，这是佩丹溪（朱震亨）的格言。气盛者为喘急、为胀满、为痞塞，兼降火必自己（指需自行调理或针对气火）；血虚者为吐衄、为劳瘵、为烦蒸，非清热而难痊愈。理中汤治疗脾胃虚冷，润下丸化解胸膈痰涎。暴呕吐逆，为寒所致；久嗽咯血，是火之过错。平胃散治疗湿胜导致的濡泄不止。益荣汤治疗怔忡恍惚无眠。枳壳散、达生散令孕妇束胎而易产。麻仁丸、润肠丸治疗老人少血而难便。定惊悸，须索牛黄、琥珀；化寄生虫，用使君子、鹤虱、雷丸。通闭以葵菜、菠菜，取其滑能利窍；消瘿以昆布、海藻，因其咸能软坚。这是先肾（可能指前代名医或特定流派）的秘妙，启发后进无传之学。
所谓夏伤于暑，秋必作疟。近而暴发者，实时可愈；远而发作迟缓者，三日一发。若为瘅疟（热疟），但用清肌之法，在阴分勿行截疟药。人参养胃，治寒多热少而虚；柴胡清脾，理热多寒少而渴。自汗因阳亏，盗汗因阴弱。咳嗽无声有痰，是脾受湿侵；咳而有声无痰，是肺由火烁。霍乱有寒有暑，为何《局方》议论辛温？积聚有虚有实，岂世俗偏于峻猛削伐？当知木郁可令吐达；金郁泄而土郁夺，水郁折而火郁发。泄发即汗利之称，折夺是攻抑之别。倒仓廪（催吐法），去陈莝（去除陈旧积滞），是中州荡涤良方；开鬼门（发汗），洁净府（利小便），是上下分消妙法。如此瞑眩反应，反掌间生杀予夺，辄有一失，后悔莫及，因而再逆，耻于方成之不约。
大抵暴病非热，久病非寒。臀背生疽，良由热积所致；心腹卒痛，却乃暴寒所干。五泄五瘅因湿热，惟利水为尚；三消三衄为燥火，若滋阴自安。呕吐咳逆，咎归于胃；阴疝瘕，统属于肝。液归心而作汗，敛之者黄柏、六一散（滑石甘草）；热内炽而发疹，消之者人参白虎汤（化斑汤）。身不安兮为躁，心不宁兮为烦，忽然寒僵起粟，昏冒者名为尸厥，卒尔跌仆流涎，时醒者号曰癫痫。腹满吞酸，此是胃中留饮。胸膨嗳气，盖缘膈上停痰，欲挽回春之力，当修起死之丹。
窃谓阴阳二证，疗各不同，内外两伤，治须审别。内伤外伤，辨口鼻呼吸之情；阴证阳证，察尺寸往来之脉，既明内外阴阳，便知虚实冷热。曰浊曰带，有赤有白，或属痰而或属火。白于气而赤于血，本无寒热之分，但有虚实之说，痢亦同然。瘀积湿热，勿行淡渗兜涩汤丸，可用汗下寒温涌泄。导赤散通小便癃闭，温白丸解大肠痛结，地骨皮散退劳热偏宜，青礞石丸化结痰甚捷。火郁者必扪其肌，胎死者可验其舌。玄胡、苦楝医寒疝控引于二丸；当归、龙荟，泻湿热痛攻于两胁。谙晓阴阳虚实之情，便是医家玄妙之诀。当以诸痛为实，诸痒为虚。虚者精气不足，实者邪气有余。
泄泻有肠垢、溏薄，若滑脱则兜涩为当；腹痛有食积郁热，倘阴寒则姜附可施。厥心痛者，客寒犯胃，手足温者，温散即已。真头痛者，入连于脑，爪甲黑者，危笃难医。结阳则肢肿有准，结阴则便血无疑。足膝屈弱曰香港脚（脚气），肿痛者湿多热甚。腰痛不已曰肾虚，闪挫者气滞血瘀。巅顶苦疼，药尊藁本，鼻渊不止，方选辛荑。手麻有湿痰死血，手木缘风湿气虚，淋沥似欲通不通。气虚者清心莲子饮。便血审先粪后粪。阴结者平胃地榆汤。盖闻溲便不利谓之癃，饮食不下谓之格，乃阴阳有所偏乘，故脉息因而复溢。咳血与呕血不同，咳血嗽起，呕血逆来。吞酸与吐酸各别，吞酸刺心，吐酸涌出。水停心下曰饮，水积胁下曰癖。行水以泽泻、茯苓，攻癖以芫花、大戟。控涎丹虽云峻利，可逐伏痰；保和丸性味温平，能消食积。溺血则血去无痛，有痛者自是赤淋。短气乃气难布息，粗息者却为喘急。胃脘当心而痛，要分客热客寒；遍身历节而疼，须辨属风属湿。通圣散专疗诸风，越鞠丸能开六郁。虚弱者目眩头晕，亦本痰火而成；湿热者精滑梦遗，或为思想而得。缘杂病绪紧无据，机要难明，非伤寒经络有凭，形证可识，临病若能三思，用药终无一失，略举众疾之端，俾为后学之式。
The pathogenesis is profound and mysterious, and the principles of pulse diagnosis are subtle and deep. Although they are fully recorded in the sacred classics, without direct instruction from a teacher, one cannot truly understand them. To treat a hundred diseases and determine life and death, one must explore the pulse signs of Yin and Yang; to formulate the "Seven Forms" (Da, Xiao, Huan, Ji, Qi, Ou, Fu - Large, Small, Slow, Urgent, Odd, Even, Compound) for administering medicine, one should deduce the patient's emotional state of suffering or joy and their physical form. Wherever evil qi resides, the root and branch cannot escape the influence of the Six Qi (Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire). The origin of disease lies within the four categories of etiology. First, distinguish the complexion; second, distinguish the voice; these are the miraculous applications of a sage physician. Third, as the saying goes, "Three fractures of the arm make an expert bone-setter," meaning that long-term patients often best understand their own condition. If one can exhaustively understand the mysteries of the eight basic pulses—Floating (Fu), Sinking (Chen), Slow (Chi), Rapid (Shu), Slippery (Hua), Choppy (Se), Large (Da), and Moderate (Huan)—one will know the names of the eight essentials: Exterior (Biao), Interior (Li), Deficiency (Xu), Excess (Shi), Cold (Han), Heat (Re), Evil (Xie), and Righteous (Zheng). The eight pulses are the guidelines for all pulses, and the eight essentials are the standards for weighing various diseases.
A Choppy pulse indicates deficiency of blood and essence; it feels obstructed and hesitant under the fingers, like a knife scraping bamboo. A Slippery pulse indicates excessive phlegm and abundant qi; it feels round and smooth under the fingers, like a rolling pearl. Slow pulses indicate Cold, Rapid pulses indicate Heat, recording the frequency of beats. Floating pulses indicate the Exterior, Sinking pulses indicate the Interior, depending on the lightness or heaviness of the pressing technique. A Moderate pulse signifies the recovery of righteous qi, gentle as willow branches dancing in the spring breeze; a Large pulse signifies the progression of disease, vigorous like the rising tide of autumn water. If the six positions of the pulse are equally moderate, it is auspicious that no medicine is needed; if the six positions are excessively strong, one should worry about the patient's debility. Exterior syndromes are suitable for resolution through sweating; Interior syndromes are treated with purgation. To rescue the Exterior, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) with Shaoyao (Paeonia Root) may be used; to rescue the Interior, Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root), and Fuling (Poria) may be used. Diseases differ in Deficiency and Excess; Deficient conditions are tonified, while Excess conditions are drained. Pathogens differ in Cold and Heat; Cold conditions are warmed, while Heat conditions are cleared. External pathogens are Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, and Dryness; internal pathogens involve the mutual overacting of Deficiency, Excess, Thief, Micro, and Zheng factors. Zheng qi is the true qi of the Stomach, akin to a loyal minister in the state. Driving out evil is like expelling bandits; it requires urgent attack and total eradication. Nourishing Zheng qi is like dealing with petty people; it requires self-cultivation and rectifying the mind.
The fertility of the soil reflects innate endowment of excess or deficiency. The victory and reversal of climatic cycles deduce the prevalence of excess or insufficiency. Once the heart-method of pulse diagnosis is mastered, why worry about the ineffectiveness of medication? Regarding Zhongfeng (Stroke), one must distinguish between true and false forms. True Zhongfeng presents with manifestations of the Six Channels, involving the Zang organs, Fu organs, meridians, and vessels. False Zhongfeng, based on the theories of Liu Wansu, Li Dongyuan, and Zhu Zhenheng, is attributed to Dampness, Fire, or Qi deficiency. Involvement of the Zang organs is critical and life-threatening; involvement of the Fu organs leads to limb paralysis. In the meridians, there is deviation of the mouth and eyes; in the vessels, there is hemiplegia. Sudden collapse requires tonic decoctions; obstruction by phlegm and qi may be treated with emetics. Twitching of the hands and feet is called Chu (Twitching); rigidity and opisthotonos of the back and neck is called Chi (Spasm). It may become Fengfei (Wind Paralysis) or Piangu (Hemiplegia), or transform into Fengbi (Wind Bi Syndrome) or Fengyi (Wind Imbalance), resulting in flaccid paralysis where limbs are relaxed and insensitive. When Wind, Dampness, and Cold combine, they form Bi Syndrome. Although its mobility and changes are unpredictable, it is caused by Wood excess and Wind hyperactivity.
Bitter frost and snow are always Cold pathogens; scorching sun and heat are Summer-heat types. Shanghan (Cold Damage) presents with tight pulses and cold body; Zhongshu (Heat Stroke) presents with deficient pulses and intense heat. Summer-heat should be resolved by astringing, tonifying, and clearing; Cold can be dispersed by warming. Various spasms and rigidity, heavy body and edema, arise from wind, rain, and damp steaming in mountains and marshes. Various obstructions, dryness, and cracked skin result from the肃 (solemn/drying) Qi of Dryness in nature. Dampness harms the skin and flesh; Dryness depletes the intestines and stomach. In the Northwest, high winds and dry soil cause thirst, constipation, and sores; in the Southeast, low land and damp water lead to jaundice, edema, diarrhea, and dysentery. Pathogens have "Shang" (injury) and "Zhong" (strike); Shang is shallow, Zhong is deep. People vary in strength and weakness; thus, the strong suffer lightly, while the weak suffer severely.
The Seven Fires of Heaven and Earth, and the Five Emotions governing Jun and Xiang fires: if physicians understand the principles of directly subduing and conforming to nature, their skills can reach divine levels. Good physicians understand the way of using contrary methods to find the root cause, and then no disease is incurable. For Deficient and Excess Fire, tonification and draining must be appropriate; for Damp-Heat and Fire, attacking and dispersing must differ in formulation. Having understood the mechanism of the Six Qi, one may achieve eternal fame.
It is said that Blood belongs to Yin; when insufficient, it generates Heat. This is the definitive theory of Hejian (Liu Wansu). Qi belongs to Yang; when in excess, it becomes Fire. This is the maxim of Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng). Excess Qi causes panting, distension, and fullness; lowering fire is essential. Blood deficiency causes vomiting of blood, consumption fever, and vexatious steaming; clearing heat is difficult to avoid for recovery. Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) treats Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold; Runxia Wan (Moisten and Purge Pill) transforms phlegm-saliva in the chest and diaphragm. Sudden vomiting and regurgitation are caused by Cold; chronic cough with hemoptysis is due to Fire. Pingwei San (Peace the Stomach Powder) treats persistent loose stools due to Dampness excess. Yirong Tang (Nourish Prosperity Decoction) treats palpitations,恍惚 (mental confusion), and insomnia. Zhike San (Immature Bitter Orange Powder) and Dasheng San (Promote Life Powder) help pregnant women bind the fetus and facilitate birth. Maren Wan (Hemp Seed Pill) and Runchang Wan (Moisten Intestine Pill) treat constipation in the elderly due to blood deficiency. To calm fright and palpitations, seek Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) and Hupo (Fossilized Wood); to eliminate parasites, use Shijunzi (Quinine Tree Seed), Heshi (Crab Louse), and Leiwan (Oligoloma Fruit). To unblock obstructions, use Kuicai (Malva Verticillata) and Bo Cai (Spinach), utilizing their slipperiness to benefit orifices; to reduce goiter, use Kunbu (Kelp) and Haizao (Sargassum), utilizing their saltiness to soften hardness. These are the secrets of the ancestors, inspiring future generations.
It is said: "Summer injury by Summer-heat leads to Malaria in Autumn." Acute cases resolve quickly; delayed cases occur every three days. For Dan Malaria (Hot Malaria), only clear the muscle layer; do not use antimalarial drugs in the Yin level. Renshen Yangwei Tang (Ginseng Nourish Stomach Decoction) treats cases with more Cold than Heat and deficiency; Chaihu Qingspi Tang (Bupleurum Clear Spleen Decoction) regulates cases with more Heat than Cold and thirst. Spontaneous sweating is due to Yang deficiency; night sweats are due to Yin weakness. Cough without sound but with phlegm indicates Spleen invasion by Dampness; cough with sound but without phlegm indicates Lung burning by Fire. Huoluan (Colic and Vomiting-Diarrhea) has Cold and Heat types; why does the Ju Fang discuss only acrid-warmth? Jiji (Accumulation and Gathering) has Deficiency and Excess types; how can the secular world bias towards harsh purging? Know that Wood stagnation can be resolved by vomiting; Metal stagnation by draining, Earth stagnation by overcoming, Water stagnation by restraining, and Fire stagnation by dispersing. Draining and dispersing refer to sweating and purging; restraining and overcoming refer to attacking and suppressing. Daocanglin (Emptying the Granary/Catharsis) removes old accumulation, cleansing the Central Jiao; Kaigui Men (Open Ghost Gate/Sweating) and Jingjifu (Cleanse the Bladder/Urination) are excellent methods for upper and lower dispersion. Such Mingxuan (dizziness/reaction) responses can reverse life and death in a moment; a single mistake leads to regret too late, and further reversal brings shame to incomplete prescriptions.
Generally, acute diseases are not Heat, and chronic diseases are not Cold. Carbuncles on the buttocks and back are caused by accumulated Heat; sudden pain in the heart and abdomen is caused by sudden Cold. Wu Xie (Five Diarrheas) and Wu Dan (Five Jaundices) are due to Damp-Heat, prioritizing promoting urination; San Xiao (Three Wastes) and San Nu (Three Hemorrhages) are due to Dryness-Fire, resolving with Yin nourishment. Vomiting and coughing/regurgitation blame the Stomach; Yin Hernia and Masses belong to the Liver. Fluids return to the Heart to form sweat; astringing them uses Huangbo (Phellodendron Bark) and Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder). Internal blazing Heat causing rashes is cleared by Ren Shen Hua Ban Tang (Ginseng Transforming Spot Decoction). Body unrest is Zao (Restlessness); Heart unrest is Fan (Vexation). Sudden stiffening with goosebumps and coma is named Shijue (Corporeal Syncope); sudden falling with foaming at the mouth, waking intermittently, is called Dianxian (Epilepsy). Abdominal fullness and acid regurgitation indicate retained fluids in the Stomach. Chest distension and belching stem from phlegm retention above the diaphragm. To restore the power of spring, one must prepare the elixir of resurrection.
I assert that Yin and Yang syndromes require different treatments; internal and external injuries require careful distinction. Internal vs. External injury is distinguished by breathing through nose and mouth; Yin vs. Yang syndrome is observed by the pulse at Cun and Chi positions. Once Internal/External and Yin/Yang are clarified, one knows Deficiency/Excess and Cold/Heat. Turbid discharge and leukorrhea have red and white colors, possibly due to Phlegm or Fire. White relates to Qi, Red to Blood; originally there is no distinction of Cold/Heat, only Deficiency/Excess, and Dysentery is the same. Stagnant Heat-Dampness should not be treated with bland diuretics or astringents; instead, sweating, purging, cooling, warming, vomiting, and draining may be used. Daochi San (Guide Out Red Powder) unblocks urinary retention; Wenbai Wan (Warm White Pill) resolves large intestine pain and binding; Digupi San (Diget Bark Powder) is suitable for treating consumption fever; Qingmengshi Wan (Green Stone Pill) rapidly transforms consolidated phlegm. For Fire stagnation, palpate the skin; for dead fetus, examine the tongue. Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome) and Kulian (Melia Azedarach Bark) treat cold hernia radiating pain in Erwan; Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and Longdan (Gentiana Root) drain damp-heat pain attacking the hypochondrium. Understanding the feelings of Yin/Yang and Deficiency/Excess is the mysterious secret of physicians. Generally, all pain is Excess, all itching is Deficiency. Deficiency means insufficiency of essence and Qi; Excess means surplus of pathogenic Qi.
Diarrhea with intestinal mucus or loose stools: if slipping and uncontrolled, astringents are appropriate. Abdominal pain with food stagnation and stagnant heat: if Cold-Yin, Ganjiang and Fuzi may be applied. Jue Xin Tong (Jue-Chest Pain) is caused by invading Cold affecting the Stomach; if hands and feet are warm, warming and dispersing will suffice. Zhen Toutong (True Headache) penetrates to the brain; if fingernails turn black, it is critical and hard to cure. Jieyang (Binding Yang) leads to predictable limb swelling; Jieyin (Binding Yin) leads to certain hematochezia. Weakness in foot and knee joints is called Hongjiujiao (Hongji Foot/Gout); swelling and pain indicate much Dampness and severe Heat. Unrelenting lower back pain is Kidney Deficiency; sprain involves Qi stagnation and Blood stasis. Severe pain at the vertex respects Gaoben (Ligusticum Wallichii Rhizome); non-stop Biyuan (Nasal Sinusitis) selects Xinyi (Magnolia Flower). Hand numbness involves Damp-Phlegm and Dead Blood; hand stiffness stems from Wind-Dampness and Qi deficiency; dribbling urine with difficulty indicates Qi deficiency, treated by Qingxin Lianzi Yin (Clear Heart Lotus Seed Decoction). Hematochezia: examine if blood precedes or follows stool. Yin Binding uses Pingwei San plus Diyü (Sanguisorba Root). It is heard that difficult urination is called Lei, inability to eat is called Ge, due to Yin/Yang imbalance, causing pulse overflow. Coughing blood differs from vomiting blood; coughing blood rises with cough, vomiting blood comes upward with reflux. Swallowing acid differs from spitting acid; swallowing acid pierces the heart, spitting acid gushes out. Water stopping below the Heart is Yin (Fluid Retention); water accumulating under the ribs is Pi (Mass). Promoting water flow uses Zexie (Alisma Rhizome) and Fuling (Poria); attacking Pi uses Yuanhua (Kadua Flower) and Daji (Euphorbia Lathyris Root). Kongxian Dan (Control Saliva Pill) is harsh but can drive out hidden phlegm; Baohe Wan (Preserve Harmony Pill) is mild and warm, able to digest food stagnation. Hematuria without pain is bleeding; with pain is Red Lin (Dysuria). Shortness of breath is difficulty in distributing Qi; coarse breathing is panting. Epigastric pain centered on the heart must distinguish between Guest Heat and Guest Cold; generalized joint pain must distinguish between Wind and Dampness. Tongsheng San (Universal Salvation Powder) specifically treats various Winds; Yueju Wan (Resolve Depression Pill) opens the Six Depressions. Weakness causing dizziness and vertigo also stems from Phlegm-Fire; Damp-Heat causing seminal emission and dreams may result from excessive thinking. Since miscellaneous diseases are complex and lack clear evidence, and their mechanisms are hard to clarify (unlike Shanghan which has meridian basis and recognizable signs), if one thinks thrice before treating, medication will never fail. I briefly list the beginnings of many diseases to serve as a model for later learners.