论曰伤寒舌肿胀者，病在三阴也，太阴之脉，连舌本散舌下，少阴之脉，循喉咙侠舌本，
厥阴之脉，循喉咙之后，又手少阴心之经，其气通于舌，凡此经络为风热所乘，随脉至舌，
热气留于血，血气壅涩，故令舌肿胀，诊其脉数急者，是其候也。
治伤寒热病，咽喉壅塞，连舌根肿痛，及干呕头痛，不下食，升麻汤方
升麻（一两） 木通（锉） 黄柏（去粗皮锉各半两） 玄参（三分） 麦门冬（去心
焙一两） 青竹茹（半两） 前
上九味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓食后温服，日再。
治伤寒心脾虚热，喉中有疮，连舌根肿，涕唾不下食，干地黄汤方
生干地黄（焙二两） 青竹茹 鸡苏 赤茯苓（去黑皮各一两） 麦门冬（去心焙一两
半） 玄参（三分）
上六味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓食后温服、日再。
治伤寒脾肺虚热，毒瓦斯壅塞，喉咽连舌根，肿满疼痛。犀角汤方
犀角（镑屑） 当归（切焙） 白芷（各一两） 升麻 甘草（炙锉） 射干 杏仁（汤
浸去皮尖双仁炒黄各半两）
上七味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食后温服，日再服。
治伤寒喉咽闭塞，连舌肿疼，小便赤涩。马蔺根汤方
马蔺根 升麻（各一两） 瞿麦 射干各三分 犀角屑 木通（锉各半两） 玄参（一
两）
上七味，粗捣筛，每服三匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食后温服，日再。
治伤寒热病，喉咽闭塞，连舌根肿痛，热毒瓦斯聚于心胸。木通汤方
木通（锉） 络石（碎各一两） 升麻（半两） 射干（半分） 犀角屑（半两） 玄
参桔梗炒（各三分） 山栀子仁（半两） 芍药（三分） 青竹茹（半两） 朴硝（一
两）
上一十二味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓食后温服。
治伤寒心脾风热，舌肿口疮，喉咽中痛，口吐涎沫。羚羊角散方
羚羊角屑 黄柏（去粗皮涂蜜炙） 大黄（锉炒） 甘草（炙各半两） 玄参（三分）
上五味，捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，食后煎竹叶热水调下。
治伤寒上焦虚热，毒瓦斯壅塞，喉咽连舌肿痛。参归汤方
玄参 射干 当归（切焙一两）
上三味，捣罗为散，每服三钱匕，水一大盏，煎至半盏，不去滓，食后温服，日再服。
治伤寒舌肿，口内生疮，此是心脾积热上冲所致。青连汤方
大青 升麻（各半两） 黄连（去须一分） 大黄（锉炒半两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一大盏，煎至半盏，去滓食后温服。
治伤寒心脾有热，舌本肿痛。生地煎方
生地黄汁（半斤） 蜜（八两）
上二味，同搅和匀，慢火煎如稠饧，每服半匙，含化咽津，不拘时候，日二三服。
治伤寒咽喉中痛，舌根肿满，不能转，此上焦心脾虚热，宜先针舌下两边出血即消，后
服升麻汤方
升麻 车前子 大黄（锉炒） 甘草（炙各半两） 生干地黄（焙三两） 朴硝（三分）
上六味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓温服，日再。
论述说：伤寒病出现舌体肿胀的，病位在三阴经。太阴经的经脉，连接舌根并散布于舌下；少阴经的经脉，沿着喉咙，夹持舌根；厥阴经的经脉，沿着喉咙的后方。此外，手少阴心经的气血通达于舌。凡是这些经络被风热邪气侵袭，邪气随经脉上行至舌部，热气滞留于血脉中，导致气血壅滞涩阻，从而引起舌体肿胀。诊察其脉象数而急迫的，就是这种病症的征候。
治疗伤寒热病，咽喉壅塞不通，连带舌根肿痛，以及干呕、头痛、无法进食的症状，使用升麻汤方：
升麻（一两）、木通（切碎）、黄柏（去除粗皮切碎，各半两）、玄参（三分）、麦门冬（去除心，焙干，一两）、青竹茹（半两）。
以上九味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎煮至八分满，去渣滓，饭后温服，每日两次。
治疗伤寒心脾虚热，喉中有疮疡，连带舌根肿胀，鼻涕唾液难以下咽、无法进食的症状，使用干地黄汤方：
生干地黄（焙干，二两）、青竹茹、鸡苏、赤茯苓（去除黑皮，各一两）、麦门冬（去除心，焙干，一两半）、玄参（三分）。
以上六味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎煮至八分满，去渣滓，饭后温服，每日两次。
治疗伤寒脾肺虚热，毒瓦斯壅塞，喉咽连带舌根肿满疼痛的症状，使用犀角汤方：
犀角（镑成屑）、当归（切片焙干）、白芷（各一两）、升麻、甘草（炙后切碎）、射干、杏仁（热水浸泡去皮尖及双仁，炒至微黄，各半两）。
以上七味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎煮至七分满，去渣滓，饭后温服，每日两次。
治疗伤寒喉咽闭塞，连带舌体肿痛，小便赤红涩痛的症状，使用马蔺根汤方：
马蔺根、升麻（各一两）、瞿麦、射干（各三分）、犀角屑、木通（切碎，各半两）、玄参（一两）。
以上七味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎煮至七分满，去渣滓，饭后温服，每日两次。
治疗伤寒热病，喉咽闭塞，连带舌根肿痛，热毒积聚于心胸的症状，使用木通汤方：
木通（切碎）、络石（捣碎，各一两）、升麻（半两）、射干（半分）、犀角屑（半两）、玄参、桔梗（炒，各三分）、山栀子仁（半两）、芍药（三分）、青竹茹（半两）、朴硝（一两）。
以上十二味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎煮至七分满，去渣滓，饭后温服。
治疗伤寒心脾风热，舌体肿胀、口内生疮，喉咽疼痛，口吐涎沫的症状，使用羚羊角散方：
羚羊角屑、黄柏（去除粗皮涂蜜炙）、大黄（切碎炒）、甘草（炙，各半两）、玄参（三分）。
以上五味药，捣碎过筛制成散剂，每次服用一钱匕，饭后用竹叶煎成的热水调服。
治疗伤寒上焦虚热，毒瓦斯壅塞，喉咽连带舌体肿痛的症状，使用参归汤方：
玄参、射干、当归（切片焙干，一两）。
以上三味药，捣碎过筛制成散剂，每次服用三钱匕，用水一大盏，煎煮至半盏，不去渣滓，饭后温服，每日两次。
治疗伤寒舌体肿胀，口腔内生疮疡，这是心脾积热上冲所致。使用青连汤方：
大青、升麻（各半两）、黄连（去除须，一分）、大黄（切碎炒，半两）。
以上四味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一大盏，煎煮至半盏，去渣滓，饭后温服。
治疗伤寒心脾有热，舌根肿痛的症状，使用生地煎方：
生地黄汁（半斤）、蜂蜜（八两）。
以上两味药，一同搅拌均匀，用慢火煎煮至如稠糖状，每次服用半匙，含在口中化吞咽津液，不限时候，每日二至三次。
治疗伤寒咽喉疼痛，舌根肿满不能转动，这是上焦心脾虚热所致。应当先针刺舌下两侧出血以消除肿胀，然后服用升麻汤方：
升麻、车前子、大黄（切碎炒）、甘草（炙，各半两）、生干地黄（焙干，三两）、朴硝（三分）。
以上六味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏半，煎煮至八分满，去渣滓温服，每日两次。
Commentary states: Tongue swelling in the context of Shanghan (Cold Damage) indicates that the pathology is located in the Three Yin meridians. The Taiyin meridian connects to the root of the tongue and spreads beneath it; the Shaoyin meridian follows the throat and flanks the root of the tongue; the Jueyin meridian runs behind the throat. Furthermore, the Qi of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridian communicates with the tongue. When these meridians are invaded by Wind-Heat pathogenic factors, the pathogens ascend along the meridians to the tongue. Heat lingers in the blood vessels, causing Qi and Blood to become congested and stagnant, thereby resulting in tongue swelling. If the pulse is rapid and urgent, this is a sign of this condition.
For treating Shanghan febrile diseases characterized by pharyngeal obstruction, swelling and pain extending from the throat to the tongue root, accompanied by dry retching, headache, and inability to eat, use Shengma Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction):
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, 1 liang), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri, coarse bark removed, crushed, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 3 fen), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis, heart removed, dried, 1 liang), Qingzhuru (Spiritus Bambusae, 0.5 liang).
The above nine ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi (approx. 5-7 grams), decocted in 1.5 zhang of water until reduced to 0.8 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan with deficiency-heat in the Heart and Spleen, ulcers in the throat, swelling extending to the tongue root, difficulty swallowing saliva and food, use Gan Dihuang Tang (Dried Rehmannia Decoction):
Sheng Gan Dihuang (Dried Radix Rehmanniae, dried, 2 liang), Qingzhuru (Spiritus Bambusae), Jisu (Herba Elsholtziae), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with black skin removed, each 1 liang), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis, heart removed, dried, 1.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 3 fen).
The above six ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qianbi, decocted in 1.5 zhang of water until reduced to 0.8 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan with deficiency-heat in the Spleen and Lungs, accumulation of toxic heat obstructing the throat and tongue root causing swelling, fullness, and pain, use Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction):
Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, shaved into flakes), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and dried), Baizhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, each 1 liang), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried and crushed), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae), Xingren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae, soaked in hot water, skin and tip removed, double-kernel seeds discarded, fried until yellow, each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1 zhang of water until reduced to 0.7 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan with pharyngeal obstruction, tongue swelling and pain, and red, scanty, or painful urination, use Maligen Tang (Iris Root Decoction):
Maligen (Radix Iris Tectorii), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, each 1 liang), Qumai (Herba Dianthi), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae, each 3 fen), Xijiao xie (Cornu Rhinocerotis flakes), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 1 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1 zhang of water until reduced to 0.7 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan febrile diseases with pharyngeal obstruction, tongue root swelling and pain, and heat-toxin accumulating in the Heart and Chest, use Mutong Tang (Akebia Decoction):
Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed), Luoshi (Caulis Trachelospermi, crushed, each 1 liang), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, 0.5 liang), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae, 0.5 fen), Xijiao xie (Cornu Rhinocerotis flakes, 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Jiegeng (Radix Platycodonis, fried, each 3 fen), Shanzhizi ren (Semen Gardenoliae, 0.5 liang), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba, 3 fen), Qingzhuru (Spiritus Bambusae, 0.5 liang), Pomiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang).
The above twelve ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1 zhang of water until reduced to 0.7 zhang. Strain and take warm after meals.
For treating Shanghan with Wind-Heat in the Heart and Spleen, tongue swelling, oral ulcers, pharyngeal pain, and salivation, use Lingyangjiao San (Antelope Horn Powder):
Lingyangjiao xie (Cornu Saigae Tataricae flakes), Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri, coarse bark removed, honey-fried), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and fried), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae, 3 fen).
The above five ingredients are pounded and sieved into a powder. Each dose consists of 1 qianbi, taken after meals with hot water infused with Bamboo Leaves (Zhuye).
For treating Shanghan with deficiency-heat in the Upper Jiao, accumulation of toxic heat obstructing the throat and tongue causing swelling and pain, use Shengui Tang (Ginseng and Angelica Decoction):
Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and dried, 1 liang).
The above three ingredients are pounded and sieved into a powder. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in one large zhang of water until reduced to half a zhang. Do not strain; take warm after meals, twice daily.
For treating Shanghan tongue swelling and oral ulcers, caused by accumulated heat in the Heart and Spleen rushing upward, use Qinglian Tang (Qing and Lian Decoction):
Daqing (Folium Isatidis), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, each 0.5 liang), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis, whiskers removed, 1 fen), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and fried, 0.5 liang).
The above four ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in one large zhang of water until reduced to half a zhang. Strain and take warm after meals.
For treating Shanghan with heat in the Heart and Spleen causing swelling and pain at the tongue root, use Shengdi Jian (Fresh Rehmannia Decoction):
Sheng Dihuang Zhi (Jucius Radix Rehmanniae Recens, half jin), Honey (8 liang).
The above two ingredients are mixed thoroughly and slowly decocted until thick like syrup. Each dose consists of half a spoonful, held in the mouth to dissolve and swallow the saliva, at any time, two to three times daily.
For treating Shanghan with throat pain, tongue root swelling and immobility, indicating deficiency-heat in the Upper Jiao affecting the Heart and Spleen, first puncture both sides under the tongue to release blood to reduce swelling, then administer Shengma Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction):
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, crushed and fried), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried, each 0.5 liang), Sheng Gan Dihuang (Dried Radix Rehmanniae, dried, 3 liang), Pomiao (Natrii Sulfas, 3 fen).
The above six ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qianbi, decocted in 1.5 zhang of water until reduced to 0.8 zhang. Strain and take warm, twice daily.