治伤寒温毒，表里俱热。狂叫欲走，烦躁大渴，面赤鼻干，两目如火，身形拘
得汗，或已经汗下。过经不解，三焦大热，谵狂鼻衄，身目俱黄，六脉洪数，及阳
（陶节庵曰∶此因热在三焦，闭塞经络，津液营卫不通，遂成此证。）
生石膏（两半） 黄芩 黄连 黄柏（五钱） 栀子（三十个炒黑） 麻黄（去节） 淡
豉（二两）
表里之邪热俱盛，故以黄芩泻上焦之火，黄连泻中焦之火，黄柏泻下焦之火。栀子通泻
三焦
（东垣） 治大便不通，小便赤涩，身面俱肿，色黄麻木，身重如山，喘促无力，
唾沫，发热时躁，躁已振寒。项额如冰，目中溜火，鼻不闻香，脐有动气，少腹急痛。
垣曰∶此宿有湿热，伏于营血之中。木火乘于阳道为上盛，短气喘促，为阴火伤气，四
弱，为肾水不足。冬时寒水得令，乘其肝木，克火凌木，大胜必有大复，故见诸证。）
青皮 陈皮 黄连（酒炒） 黄柏（酒炒） 甘草（炙） 升麻（二分） 柴胡 桂枝 人
参黄
白豆蔻 炒曲
前证盖因表里俱伤，阳气抑不得升，故风火湿热，郁而为病也。桂枝麻黄，解表去风。
升麻
而青
苍
清
治证既多，故所用表里寒热补泻之药俱备。但皆气药，而无血药，与五积不同。）
（局方 治四时感冒，头痛发热，或兼内伤，胸膈满闷，嗳气恶食。内经曰∶卑下之地，
春气常在，故东南卑湿之区，风气柔弱，易感风寒，俗称感冒，受邪肤浅之名也。由鼻而入，
在于上部，客于皮肤，故无六经形证，唯发热头痛而已。胸满嗳气恶食，则兼内伤也。轻为
感冒，重者为伤，又重者为中。）
香附（炒） 紫苏（二钱） 陈皮（去白一钱） 甘草（七分） 加姜葱煎。伤食加消
导药，咳嗽加
卒痛加延胡索
紫苏疏表气而散外寒，香附行里气而消内壅，橘红能兼行表里以佐之，（橘红利气，兼
能发
【三黄石膏汤】治疗伤寒温毒，表里俱热。表现为狂叫欲走，烦躁大渴，面赤鼻干，两目如火，身形拘急，得汗后症状未解，或者已经经过发汗或攻下治疗。病邪已过经但仍未解除，三焦大热，出现谵语狂妄、鼻衄（鼻出血），身体和眼睛都发黄，六脉洪数。（陶节庵说：这是因为热邪在三焦，闭塞经络，导致津液、营卫运行不通，从而形成这种证候。）
方药组成：生石膏（半斤）、黄芩、黄连、黄柏（各五钱）、栀子（三十个，炒黑）、麻黄（去节）、淡豆豉（二两）。
方义解析：表里之邪热俱盛，所以用黄芩清泻上焦之火，黄连清泻中焦之火，黄柏清泻下焦之火。栀子通泻三焦之火。
【麻黄白术汤】（李东垣方）治疗大便不通，小便赤涩，身体面部浮肿，肤色黄且麻木，身体沉重如铅，喘促无力，唾沫多，发热时躁动，躁动过后则恶寒战栗。项部和额头感觉冰冷，眼中似有火光，鼻子闻不到香味，脐部有跳动感，少腹急痛。（李东垣说：这是因为患者素来有湿热，潜伏在营血之中。木火之气上乘阳道导致上部实证，短气喘促是因为阴火损伤了正气，四肢虚弱是因为肾水不足。冬季寒水当令，乘袭肝木，克制心火并凌犯肝木，极盛的邪气之后必有报复性的反应，所以出现各种证候。）
方药组成：青皮、陈皮、黄连（酒炒）、黄柏（酒炒）、甘草（炙）、升麻（二分）、柴胡、桂枝、人参、黄芪、白豆蔻、炒神曲。
方义解析：上述证候大概是因为表里俱伤，阳气被抑制不能上升，导致风、火、湿、热郁结而发病。桂枝、麻黄用于解表祛风。因为治疗的证候很多，所以所用到的表里、寒热、补泻药物都具备。但这些都是气分药，而没有血分药，这与五积散不同。
【香苏饮】（《局方》方）治疗四季感冒，头痛发热，或者兼有内伤，胸膈满闷，嗳气厌恶饮食。《内经》说：地势低下的地方，春气常在，所以东南低湿地区，风气柔弱，容易感受风寒，俗称“感冒”，是指受邪较浅的名称。病邪由鼻而入，停留在上部，客于皮肤，所以没有六经的形证，只有发热头痛而已。如果伴有胸满、嗳气、恶食，则是兼有内伤。轻的为感冒，重的为伤，更重的为中。
方药组成：香附（炒）、紫苏（二钱）、陈皮（去白一钱）、甘草（七分），加生姜、葱白煎服。伤食者加消导药，咳嗽者加止咳药，突然疼痛者加延胡索。
[Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three-Yellow Stone-Heart Decoction)] Treats Shanghan warm-toxin (Cold damage warm-toxin), with heat in both the exterior and interior. Manifestations include manic shouting and a desire to run, severe irritability and thirst, red face, dry nose, eyes burning like fire, physical stiffness and constraint. Symptoms persist after sweating, or if sweating and purging have already been performed. The pathogen has passed through the meridians but remains unresolved, causing excessive heat in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), delirium, mania, epistaxis (nosebleed), jaundice of the body and eyes, and a surging and rapid pulse in all six positions. (Tao Jian'an stated: This occurs because heat is located in the Sanjiao, blocking the collaterals, preventing the free flow of Body Fluids, Ying, and Wei. Thus, this syndrome forms.)
Prescription Composition: Sheng Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, half jin), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (each five qian), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, thirty pieces, stir-fried until black), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, nodes removed), Danshi (Sojae Praeparatum, two liang).
Formula Analysis: Since pathogenic heat in both the exterior and interior is abundant, Huangqin is used to clear heat from the Upper Jiao, Huanglian to clear heat from the Middle Jiao, and Huangbai to clear heat from the Lower Jiao. Zhizi unblockedly clears heat from the Sanjiao.
[Mahuang Baizhu Tang (Ephedra and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction)] (Li Dongyuan's formula) Treats constipation, scanty and painful urination, edema of the body and face, yellowish and numb skin, heaviness of the body as if weighted down, panting with weakness, excessive saliva, restlessness during fever followed by chills. The neck and forehead feel cold, eyes appear fiery, loss of smell, pulsation at the umbilicus, and acute pain in the lower abdomen. (Li Dongyuan stated: This is due to pre-existing damp-heat lurking within the Ying and Blood. Wood and Fire qi overacting on the Yang pathways cause excess in the upper part; shortness of breath and panting result from Yin Fire damaging Qi; weakness in the limbs results from insufficiency of Kidney Water. In winter, Cold Water is in command, attacking Liver Wood, suppressing Heart Fire and bullying Liver Wood. Extreme excess must be followed by a retaliatory reaction, hence the various symptoms appear.)
Prescription Composition: Qingpi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus Pericarpium), Chenpi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, wine-fried), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, wine-fried), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, two fen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baidoukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Chao Qu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried).
Formula Analysis: The aforementioned syndromes are likely caused by injury to both exterior and interior, where Yang Qi is suppressed and cannot ascend, leading to the stagnation of Wind, Fire, Dampness, and Heat. Guizhi and Mahuang resolve the exterior and dispel Wind. Because the treated syndromes are numerous, the prescription includes herbs for resolving the exterior and interior, clearing heat and warming cold, tonifying and purging. However, these are primarily Qi-moving herbs without Blood-invigorating herbs, which differs from Wuji Dispersal Powder (Wuji San).
[Xiangsu Yin (Fragrant Perilla Infusion)] (From *Ju Fang*) Treats common colds in all four seasons, characterized by headache and fever, or accompanied by internal injury, chest and diaphragm fullness, belching, and aversion to food. The *Neijing* states: In low-lying areas, Spring Qi is always present. Therefore, in the low and damp regions of the southeast, the Wind Qi is weak and gentle, making one susceptible to Wind-Cold. Commonly called "Ganmao" (Cold Sensation), it refers to a superficial pathogenic invasion. The pathogen enters via the nose, resides in the upper part, and lodges in the skin. Thus, there are no Six Meridian manifestations, only fever and headache. If accompanied by chest fullness, belching, and aversion to food, it involves internal injury. Mild cases are Ganmao, heavier cases are Shang (Injury), and even heavier cases are Zhong (Strike).
Prescription Composition: Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, stir-fried), Zisu (Perillae Folium, two qian), Chenpi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, white pith removed, one qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, seven fen). Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Congbai (Allii Fistulosum). For food stagnation, add digestion-promoting herbs; for cough, add antitussive herbs; for sudden pain, add Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma).
Formula Analysis: Zisu disperses Exterior Qi and dissipates External Cold; Xiangfu regulates Interior Qi and eliminates internal stagnation; Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) can act on both Exterior and Interior to assist them. (Juhong promotes Qi circulation and also aids in dispersion...)