夫五脏皆禀气于肺。肺感微寒。则成咳嗽也。寒搏于气。气聚还肺。而肺胀为咳。邪有
动息。邪动则气奔逆上气。烦闷欲绝。上则五脏伤。滞气动于胃。则胃气逆而呕吐也。此是
肺咳。连滞气动于胃。而呕吐者也。又有季夏脾旺之时。而脾气虚不能旺。有寒气伤之而咳
嗽者。谓之脾咳。其状咳则右胁下痛。阴阴引膊背。甚则不可动。动则咳发。脾与胃合。脾
咳不已。则胃受之。其状咳嗽而呕。呕甚则长虫出是也。凡诸咳嗽。甚则呕吐。各随证候。
知其腑脏也。
方
鲤鱼汤 疗咳逆上气。喉中不利。
生鲤鱼（一枚重十三斤） 熟艾（二升） 白蜜（一斤） 紫菀 牡蛎（各四两熬） 款
冬花
（一升）
（八两） 菖
蒲（二
羊
肉饧
知母汤 治咳逆。痰喘气促。
紫苏（连茎叶） 知母（焙） 贝母（去心） 款冬花 五味子 人参 桑根白皮（锉
各一两）
浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙） 甘草（炙锉各半两） 上为散。每服三钱。水一盏半。入生姜三
片。
煎至七分。去滓温服。不拘时。
麻黄汤 疗猝咳逆。上气肩息。昼夜不止欲绝。
麻黄（去节） 细辛〔各二（四）两（分）〕 甘草〔半两（一钱）炙〕 桃仁（二十
枚去皮尖
双仁者研） 上切。以水七升。煮取三升。去滓分三服。秘方。忌海藻菘菜生菜。
治积年咳嗽。上气多痰。喘促脓血。睡卧难禁。（出儒门事亲）
用萝卜子一合研。煎汤。食前服。或炒炼蜜作剂。为丸服之。
殊效汤 定咳逆上气。
干柿（细切焙令焦黑） 干薄荷叶 陈橘皮（去白焙各一两） 上为散。每服三钱。水
一盏。
煎
杏仁煎 疗气咳逆上气。
杏仁（一升去皮尖双仁者） 石斛 干姜（各四两） 桂心 甘草（炙） 麻黄（去节
各五两）
五味子 款冬花 紫菀（各三两） 上下筛。以水一斗。先煮麻黄取八升。去滓。纳药末。
胶
饴半斤。蜜一升。调令相得。未食服如枣大一枚。日三。忌生葱海藻菘菜。
救急疗肺气积聚。心胁下满急。发即咳逆上气。
麻黄〔三两（八分）去节〕 杏仁（去皮尖双仁） 柴胡 生姜 半夏（洗十次） 葶
苈子〔熬
研如脂汤成各四两（二钱）〕 干枣（十二枚擘碎） 槟榔（十枚并子研碎） 上切。以水
一斗。
煮取三升八合。去滓。分温三服。每服如人行八九里久。七日忌食生冷猪鱼羊肉。此一方服
一剂讫。将息满七日。则服后方。忌羊肉饧等物。
又方
茯苓 干紫苏（茎叶） 橘皮 麻黄〔各三（一）两（钱）〕 柴胡 杏仁（去皮尖双
仁者） 生
姜〔各四（二）两（钱）〕 上切。以水一斗。煮取二升七合。去滓。分温三服。每服如人
行八
九里久。禁酢物蒜。热面猪肉。五日服一剂。
治大人小儿咳逆上气。（出肘后方）
用杏仁三斤。去皮尖。炒令黄。杵如膏。蜜一升。分为三分。纳杏仁。杵令得所。更纳
一分。杵如膏。又纳一分杵熟止。先食含之咽津。
疗上气咳嗽。呕逆不下食。气上方。
橘皮 紫菀〔各三两（钱）〕 人参 茯苓 柴胡 杏仁〔去皮尖双仁者各二两（钱）〕 上
切。以水六升。煮取二升。分为三服。患冷加生姜二两（钱）热加麦门冬三两去心。不能食
加
白术二两（钱）浓朴二两（一钱）炙忌醋物桃李雀肉等物。
一合汤 疗咳逆上气。支满息欲绝。气结于胸中。心烦躁不安者。
芫花（三分熬） 桂心 干姜（各五分） 甘草（炙） 细辛（各四分） 荛花（二分）
上切。
以水三升。煮取一升。先食服一合。日三夜一。又云合汤亦得。分六七服。一日尽。便愈。
一方有菖蒲四分。无荛花。忌海藻菘菜。生葱生菜等物。
硝石丸 疗上气咳逆。口干手足寒。心烦满。积聚不和。呕逆若坠。瘀血上气。胸
膈胀满。少气肠鸣。饱食伤中里急。妇人乳饮滞下。有邪湿。阴不足。大小便不利。肢
节皆痛。
硝石（一升） 干姜 前胡 大黄（各五钱） 杏仁（三两去皮尖熬） 上捣筛。蜜和
丸。如
梧桐子大。每服三丸。饮服日再。五日后。心腹诸疾随大小便去。月经绝则通。下长虫数十。
如
蜀椒散 疗咳逆上气。腹中有坚痞。往来寒热。令人羸瘦。不能饮食。或时下痢。
腹中如绞。在脐上下关。疝气上阳使然。为病有气逆。
蜀椒（五合去目并闭口者炒出汗） 桂心 甘草（炙各二两） 通草 半夏（洗各三两）
上
为散。饮服三分匕。日三夜一为常。药不烦毒。忌海藻菘菜。羊肉饧生葱。
紫苏子粥 治上气咳逆。冷气。及腰脚中湿风。结气。
上将苏子研汁。煮粥良。常服令人肥白身香。和高良姜橘皮等分。蜜和丸。空心下十丸。
下一切宿冷气。及脚湿风。
皂荚丸 治咳逆上气。时时唾浊。但坐不得卧。
上用皂荚八两为末。蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。以枣膏和汤服三丸。日三夜一。必效。一方
以酥炙皂荚。
治咳逆上气。
以当归饮饮之。
肺脏接受五脏的气机。如果肺受到轻微寒邪的侵袭，就会形成咳嗽。寒邪与气相搏结，气聚积并反逆于肺，导致肺胀而发生咳嗽。邪气有动静的变化，邪气动荡则气机奔逆向上，出现烦闷欲绝的症状。向上则损伤五脏，滞气扰动胃腑，导致胃气上逆而呕吐。这就是肺咳，连带滞气扰动胃腑而引起呕吐的情况。又有在季夏（夏季最后一个月）脾气旺盛的时候，如果脾气虚弱不能旺盛，被寒气伤害而出现咳嗽的，称为脾咳。其症状是咳嗽时右胁下疼痛，隐隐牵引肩背，严重时身体不能活动，一动则咳嗽发作。脾与胃相表里，脾咳久治不愈，病邪会传至胃。其症状是咳嗽伴有呕吐，呕吐严重时会有蛔虫吐出。凡是各种咳嗽，严重的都会引起呕吐，应根据证候表现，判断病变所在的脏腑。
方剂：
鲤鱼汤：治疗咳逆上气，喉中不利。
生鲤鱼（一条重十三斤）、熟艾（二升）、白蜜（一斤）、紫菀、牡蛎（各四两，熬制）、款冬花（一升）、羊肉饴糖（八两）、石菖蒲（二两）。
知母汤：治疗咳逆，痰喘气促。
紫苏（连茎叶）、知母（焙干）、贝母（去心）、款冬花、五味子、人参、桑根白皮（锉碎，各一两）、浓朴（去除粗皮，用生姜汁炙）、甘草（炙后锉碎，各半两）。以上药物研为散剂。每次服用三钱，加水一盏半，放入生姜三片，煎煮至七分，去渣温服，不拘时间。
麻黄汤：治疗突然发生的咳逆，上气喘息，昼夜不止，甚至濒于绝症。
麻黄（去节）、细辛（各二两或四分）、甘草（半两或一钱，炙）、桃仁（二十枚，去皮尖，双仁者需研碎）。以上切碎，用水七升，煮取三升，去渣分三次服用。此为秘方。忌食海藻、菘菜、生菜。
治疗多年咳嗽，上气多痰，喘促伴有脓血，睡卧难以自控。（出自《儒门事亲》）
用萝卜子一合研碎，煎汤，饭前服用。或者炒炼蜜制成丸剂服用。
殊效汤：平定咳逆上气。
干柿（细切后焙至焦黑）、干薄荷叶、陈橘皮（去白后焙干，各一两）。以上研为散剂。每次服用三钱，加水一盏，煎煮……（原文此处断句，意为煎服）。
杏仁煎：治疗气咳逆上气。
杏仁（一升，去皮尖的双仁者）、石斛、干姜（各四两）、桂心、甘草（炙）、麻黄（去节，各五两）、五味子、款冬花、紫菀（各三两）。以上过筛。用水一斗，先煮麻黄取八升，去渣。加入药末、胶饴半斤、蜜一升，调和均匀。未进食时服用，如枣大一枚，每日三次。忌食生葱、海藻、菘菜。
救急方：治疗肺气积聚，心胁下满急，发作时咳逆上气。
麻黄（三两或八分，去节）、杏仁（去皮尖的双仁者）、柴胡、生姜、半夏（洗十次）、葶苈子（熬研如脂，汤成后各四两或二钱）、干枣（十二枚，掰碎）、槟榔（十枚，连同种子研碎）。以上切碎，用水一斗，煮取三升八合，去渣，分三次温服。每次服药间隔约人行走八九里的时间。七日之内忌食生冷、猪、鱼、羊肉。此一方服完一剂后，调养满七日，再服用后方。忌食羊肉、饴糖等物。
又一方：
茯苓、干紫苏（茎叶）、橘皮、麻黄（各三两或一两或一钱）、柴胡、杏仁（去皮尖的双仁者）、生姜（各四两或二两或二钱）。以上切碎，用水一斗，煮取二升七合，去渣，分三次温服。每次服药间隔约人行走八九里的时间。禁食醋物、蒜、热面、猪肉。五日服用一剂。
治疗大人小儿咳逆上气。（出自《肘后方》）
用杏仁三斤，去皮尖，炒至黄色，捣如膏状。蜜一升，分为三份。先纳入一份杏仁膏，捣匀；再纳一份，捣匀；最后纳一份，捣熟为止。饭前含服，咽下津液。
治疗上气咳嗽，呕逆不下食，气机上逆。
橘皮、紫菀（各三两或钱）、人参、茯苓、柴胡、杏仁（去皮尖的双仁者，各二两或钱）。以上切碎，用水六升，煮取二升，分为三服。患冷证加生姜二两或钱，热证加麦门冬三两去心，不能进食加白术二两或钱、浓朴二两或一钱（炙）。忌食醋物、桃李、雀肉等。
一合汤：治疗咳逆上气，胸胁支满，呼吸欲绝，气结于胸中，心中烦躁不安者。
芫花（三分，熬制）、桂心、干姜（各五分）、甘草（炙）、细辛（各四分）、荛花（二分）。以上切碎，用水三升，煮取一升。饭前服用一合，每日三次，夜间一次。也有说法称“合汤”也可以，分六七次服用，一日服完即可痊愈。另一方中有石菖蒲四分，无荛花。忌食海藻、菘菜、生葱、生菜等物。
硝石丸：治疗上气咳逆，口干手足寒，心烦满，积聚不和，呕逆如有坠感，瘀血上气，胸膈胀满，少气肠鸣，饱食伤中导致里急，妇人乳汁停滞导致痢疾，有邪湿，阴不足，大小便不利，肢节皆痛。
硝石（一升）、干姜、前胡、大黄（各五钱）、杏仁（三两，去皮尖，熬制）。以上捣碎过筛，用蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。每次服用三丸，饮水送服，每日两次。五日后，心腹诸疾随大小便排出。月经不通者则会通调，排出数十条长虫。
蜀椒散：治疗咳逆上气，腹中有坚痞，往来寒热，使人消瘦，不能饮食，有时下痢，腹中如绞，位于脐上下关元穴处。疝气上冲是由于阳气所致，致病有气逆。
蜀椒（五合，去目及闭口者，炒出汗）、桂心、甘草（炙，各二两）、通草、半夏（洗，各三两）。以上研为散剂，饮水送服三分匕，每日三次，夜间一次为常法。此药无毒。忌食海藻、菘菜、羊肉、饴糖、生葱。
紫苏子粥：治疗上气咳逆，冷气，以及腰脚中的湿风、结气。
先将苏子研汁煮粥，效果良好。常服令人身体肥白、体香。可与高良姜、橘皮等分，蜜和丸，空腹服用十丸。可消除一切宿冷气及脚部湿风。
皂荚丸：治疗咳逆上气，时时唾吐浊痰，只能坐卧不得躺卧。
以上用皂荚八两研为末，蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。用枣膏和汤送服三丸，每日三次，夜间一次。必定有效。另一方用酥炙皂荚。
The lungs receive the qi from the five zang organs. If the lungs are affected by slight cold, coughing will ensue. Cold combats with qi; when qi gathers and reverses into the lungs, lung distension occurs, resulting in cough. When pathogenic factors move, qi rushes upward, causing irritability and a sensation of impending death. Upwardly, this damages the five zang organs; stagnant qi disturbs the stomach, causing stomach qi to rebel and leading to vomiting. This is pulmonary cough, where stagnant qi disturbs the stomach, resulting in vomiting. Furthermore, during late summer when spleen qi is prosperous, if spleen qi is deficient and fails to flourish, and is injured by cold qi leading to cough, it is called spleen cough. Its manifestation is pain under the right hypochondrium during coughing, radiating faintly to the shoulder and back; in severe cases, movement is impossible, and any movement triggers coughing. The spleen and stomach are exterior-interior related; if spleen cough persists, the disease transmits to the stomach. Its manifestation is cough accompanied by vomiting; in severe cases, roundworms may be vomited out. For all types of cough, severe cases may lead to vomiting; one should determine the affected zang-fu organ based on the syndrome manifestations.
Prescriptions:
Carp Decoction (Li Yu Tang): Treats rebellious qi and cough with upper qi rushing, and discomfort in the throat.
Raw carp (one weighing thirteen jin), prepared mugwort (Er Ai) (two sheng), white honey (one jin), Aster tataricus root (Zi Wan), oyster shell (Mu Li) (each four liang, processed), winter flower bud (Kuan Dong Hua) (one sheng), mutton malt sugar (Yang Rou Yi) (eight liang), Acorus calamus rhizome (Shi Chang Pu) (two liang).
Anemarrhena Decoction (Zhi Mu Tang): Treats rebellious qi, phlegm-wheezing, and rapid breathing.
Perilla leaf (Zi Su) (with stem and leaves), Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome (Zhi Mu) (roasted), Fritillaria bulb (Bei Mu) (core removed), winter flower bud (Kuan Dong Hua), Schisandra fruit (Wu Wei Zi), Ginseng root (Ren Shen), mulberry root bark (Sang Gen Bai Pi) (cut into pieces, each one liang), Magnolia bark (Nou Piao) (coarse bark removed, stir-fried with ginger juice), Licorice root (Gan Cao) (stir-fried and cut into pieces, each half liang). Grind the above into powder. Take three qian per dose, add one and a half lan of water and three slices of fresh ginger. Decoct until reduced to seven parts, remove dregs, and take warm. No specific time restriction.
Ephedra Decoction (Ma Huang Tang): Treats sudden onset of rebellious qi and cough, upper qi rushing with shoulder-respiration, continuing day and night to the point of near-death.
Ephedra herb (Ma Huang) (nodes removed), Asarum root (Xi Xin) (each two liang or four fen), Licorice root (Gan Cao) (half liang or one qian, stir-fried), Peach kernel (Tao Ren) (twenty kernels, skin and tips removed, double-kernels ground). Cut the herbs. Add seven sheng of water, decoct to obtain three sheng, remove dregs, and divide into three doses. This is a secret prescription. Avoid consuming seaweed, Chinese cabbage (Song Cai), and raw vegetables.
For chronic cough lasting years, with upper qi rushing, excessive phlegm, panting with pus and blood, and inability to control sleep position. (From *Ru Men Shi Qin*)
Take one he of radish seed (Luo Bo Zi), grind it, decoct in water, and take before meals. Alternatively, stir-fry and refine with honey to make pills.
Extraordinary Effect Decoction (Shu Xiao Tang): Calms rebellious qi and cough.
Dried persimmon (Gan Shi) (finely cut and roasted until black), dried mint leaf (Gan Bo He Ye), aged tangerine peel (Chen Ju Pi) (white pith removed and roasted, each one liang). Grind into powder. Take three qian per dose, add one lan of water, and decoct... [text incomplete].
Apricot Kernel Paste (Xing Ren Jian): Treats qi rebellion and cough with upper qi rushing.
Apricot kernel (Xing Ren) (one sheng, skin and tips removed, double-kernels), Dendrobium stem (Shi Hu), dried ginger (Gan Jiang) (each four liang), Cinnamon twig heart (Gui Xin), Licorice root (Gan Cao) (stir-fried), Ephedra herb (Ma Huang) (nodes removed, each five liang), Schisandra fruit (Wu Wei Zi), winter flower bud (Kuan Dong Hua), Aster tataricus root (Zi Wan) (each three liang). Sieve the above. Add ten dou of water, first decoct Ephedra to obtain eight sheng, remove dregs. Add the powdered herbs, maltose glue (Jiao Yi) (half jin), and honey (one sheng), mix well. Take before meals, size of a jujube, three times daily. Avoid raw green onion, seaweed, and Chinese cabbage.
Emergency Rescue Prescription: Treats lung qi accumulation, fullness and urgency below the heart and hypochondrium, with attacks of rebellious qi and cough.
Ephedra herb (Ma Huang) (three liang or eight fen, nodes removed), Apricot kernel (Xing Ren) (skin and tips removed, double-kernels), Bupleurum root (Chai Hu), Fresh ginger (Sheng Jiang), Pinellia tuber (Ban Xia) (washed ten times), Lepidium seed (Ting Li Zi) (processed and ground like fat, added to decoction, each four liang or two qian), Dried jujube (Gan Zao) (twelve fruits, torn apart), Areca seed (Bing Lang) (ten fruits, including seeds, ground). Cut the herbs. Add ten dou of water, decoct to obtain three sheng and eight he, remove dregs, and divide into three warm doses. Take each dose at intervals equivalent to walking for eight or nine li. For seven days, avoid raw/cold foods, pork, fish, and mutton. After finishing one course of this prescription, rest for seven days, then take the following prescription. Avoid mutton and maltose.
Another Prescription:
Poria sclerotium (Fu Ling), dried Perilla leaf (Gan Zi Su) (stem and leaves), Tangerine peel (Ju Pi), Ephedra herb (Ma Huang) (each three liang or one liang or one qian), Bupleurum root (Chai Hu), Apricot kernel (Xing Ren) (skin and tips removed, double-kernels), Fresh ginger (Sheng Jiang) (each four liang or two liang or two qian). Cut the herbs. Add ten dou of water, decoct to obtain two sheng and seven he, remove dregs, and divide into three warm doses. Take each dose at intervals equivalent to walking for eight or nine li. Avoid vinegar, garlic, hot noodles, and pork. Take one dose every five days.
For adults and children with rebellious qi and cough. (From *Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)
Take three jin of apricot kernels, remove skin and tips, stir-fry until yellow, and pound into a paste. Use one sheng of honey, divided into three parts. Add one part of apricot paste, pound until mixed; add another part, pound until mixed; finally add the last part, pound until cooked. Hold in mouth before meals and swallow saliva.
For upper qi cough, vomiting and inability to eat, with qi rushing upward.
Tangerine peel (Ju Pi), Aster tataricus root (Zi Wan) (each three liang or qian), Ginseng root (Ren Shen), Poria sclerotium (Fu Ling), Bupleurum root (Chai Hu), Apricot kernel (Xing Ren) (skin and tips removed, double-kernels, each two liang or qian). Cut the herbs. Add six sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng, and divide into three doses. For cold syndromes, add two liang or qian of fresh ginger; for heat syndromes, add three liang of Ophiopogon tuber (Mai Men Dong) with core removed; for inability to eat, add two liang or qian of Atractylodes macrocephala rhizome (Bai Zhu) and two liang or one qian of Magnolia bark (Nou Piao) (stir-fried). Avoid vinegar, peaches, plums, and sparrow meat.
One He Decoction (Yi He Tang): Treats rebellious qi and cough, chest and hypochondrium fullness, breathlessness nearing death, qi stagnation in the chest, and mental irritability.
Genkwa flower (Yuan Hua) (three fen, processed), Cinnamon twig heart (Gui Xin), dried ginger (Gan Jiang) (each five fen), Licorice root (Gan Cao) (stir-fried), Asarum root (Xi Xin) (each four fen), Euphorbia lathyris seed (Rang Hua) (two fen). Cut the herbs. Add three sheng of water, decoct to obtain one sheng. Take one he before meals, three times daily and once at night. It is also said that "He Decoction" works similarly; divide into six or seven doses and consume within one day for recovery. Another formula contains four fen of Acorus calamus rhizome (Shi Chang Pu) and no Euphorbia lathyris seed. Avoid seaweed, Chinese cabbage, raw green onion, and raw vegetables.
Niter Pill (Xiao Shi Wan): Treats upper qi rebellion and cough, dry mouth, cold hands and feet, mental irritability and fullness, accumulation and disharmony, vomiting with a sensation of falling, blood stasis with upper qi rushing, chest and diaphragm distension, shortness of breath, borborygmus, abdominal urgency after overeating injuring the middle, women's milk stasis leading to dysentery, pathogenic dampness, yin deficiency, difficulty in urination and defecation, and pain in all joints.
Niter (Xiao Shi) (one sheng), dried ginger (Gan Jiang), Peucedanum root (Qian Hu), Rhubarb (Da Huang) (each five qian), Apricot kernel (Xing Ren) (three liang, skin and tips removed, processed). Pound and sieve the above, mix with honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take three pills per dose with water, twice daily. After five days, various heart and abdominal diseases will be expelled through urine and stool. Amenorrhea will be resolved, and dozens of roundworms may be passed.
Sichuan Pepper Powder (Shu Jiao San): Treats rebellious qi and cough, hard masses in the abdomen, alternating chills and fever, emaciation, inability to eat, occasional dysentery, abdominal cramping located around the umbilicus and Guanyuan acupoint. Hernia upward rush is caused by yang qi; the disease involves qi rebellion.
Sichuan pepper (Shu Jiao) (five he, remove eyes and closed-mouth ones, stir-fry to release moisture), Cinnamon twig heart (Gui Xin), Licorice root (Gan Cao) (stir-fried, each two liang), Tetrapanax papyrifer stem (Tong Cao), Pinellia tuber (Ban Xia) (washed, each three liang). Grind into powder. Take three bi (measure) per dose with water, three times daily and once at night as usual. The medicine is non-toxic. Avoid seaweed, Chinese cabbage, mutton, maltose, and raw green onion.
Perilla Seed Porridge (Zi Su Zi Zhou): Treats upper qi rebellion and cough, cold qi, and damp-wind and qi stagnation in the waist and legs.
First, grind perilla seeds (Zi Su Zi) to extract juice and cook porridge; this is effective. Regular consumption makes the body plump, white, and fragrant. Mix equal parts of high-quality ginger (Gao Liang Jiang) and tangerine peel (Ju Pi), refine with honey to make pills. Take ten pills on an empty stomach. Eliminates all residual cold qi and damp-wind in the legs.
Soap Bean Pill (Zao Ying Wan): Treats rebellious qi and cough, frequent expectoration of turbid phlegm, ability to sit but not lie down.
Use eight liang of soap bean (Zao Ying) ground into powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take three pills with date paste and water, three times daily and once at night. Highly effective. Another method uses soap bean fried in butter.
For treating rebellious qi and cough:
Drink Dang Gui Yin (Angelica Decoction).