仲景治太阳之 ，身体强，脉沉迟者，用栝蒌桂枝汤取微汗。治刚 无汗者，
用葛根汤。治胸满口噤，卧不着席，脚挛 齿者，用大承气汤。按此皆散逐实邪之法，
虽此证不多见，然间或有之，则亦不可不知。
王海藏治刚 ，用神术汤加羌活、独活、麻黄。治柔 ，用白术汤加桂心、黄
。
大营煎（新补十四） 五福饮（新补六） 参归汤（补三八） 参附汤（补三七） 附汤（补
四三） 白术汤（和二六） 一阴煎（新补八） 三阴煎（新补十一） 保阴煎（新寒一） 温胃饮（
新热五） 胃关煎（新热九） 清化饮（新因十三） 玉女煎（新寒十二） 大补元煎（新补一）
十全大补汤（补二十） 五积散（散三九） 大温中饮（新散八） 人参建中汤（补二六） 清膈煎
（新寒九） 二柴胡饮（新散二） 当归六黄汤（寒六五） 神术汤（和三九） 三柴胡饮（新散三）
补阴益气煎（新补十六） 六安煎（新和二） 四柴胡饮（新散四） 加减一阴煎（新补九） 葛
根汤（散二九） 大承气汤（攻一） 栝蒌桂枝汤（散十二） 抱龙丸（小八五）
防风当归汤（和二四一 过汗反张）
《阴阳应象大论》曰∶冬伤于寒，春必温病。
《金匮真言论》曰∶夫精者，身之本也。故藏于精者，春不病温。
《热论篇》帝曰∶今夫热病者，皆伤寒之类也，或愈或死，其死皆以六七日之间，其愈
皆以十日以上者，何也？岐伯对曰∶巨阳者，诸阳之属也。其脉连于风府，故为诸阳主气也
。人之伤于寒也，则为病热，热虽甚不死。其两感于寒而病者，必不免于死。帝曰∶愿闻其
状。岐伯曰∶伤寒一日，巨阳受之，故头项痛，腰脊强。二日，阳明受之，阳明主肉，其脉
侠鼻，络于目，故身热目疼而鼻干，不得卧也。三日，少阳受之，少阳主胆，其脉循胁络于
耳，故胸胁痛而耳聋。三阳经络皆受其病而未入于脏者，故可汗而已。四日，太阴受之，太
阴脉循布胃中，络于嗌，故腹满而嗌干。五日，少阴受之，少阴脉贯肾，络于肺，系舌本，
故口燥舌干而渴。六日，厥阴受之，厥阴脉循阴器而络于肝，故烦满而囊缩。三阴三阳、五
脏六腑皆受病，营卫不行，五脏不通则死矣。其不两感于寒者，七日，巨阳病衰，头痛少愈
。八日，阳明病衰，身热少愈。九日，少阳病衰，耳聋微闻。十日，太阴病衰，腹减如故，
则思饮食。十一日，少阴病衰，渴止不满，舌干已而嚏。十二日，厥阴病衰，囊纵，少腹微
下，大气皆去，病日已矣。帝曰∶治之奈何？岐伯曰∶治之各通其脏脉，病日衰已矣。其未
满三日者，可汗而已；其满三日者，可泄而已。
《热论篇》曰∶两感于寒者，病一日则巨阳与少阴俱病，则头痛口干而烦满。二日则阳
明与太阳俱病，则腹满，身热不欲食，谵言。三日则少阳与厥阴俱病，则耳聋，囊缩而厥，
水浆不入，不知人，六日死。帝曰∶五脏已伤，六腑不通，营卫不行。如是之后，三日乃死
，何也？岐伯曰∶阳明者，十二经脉之长也，其血气盛，故不知人，三日其气乃尽，故死矣
。
《热论篇》曰∶凡病伤寒而成温者，先夏至日者，为病温。后夏至日者，为病暑。暑当
与汗皆出，勿止。
《热论篇》帝曰∶热病已愈，时有所遗者，何也？岐伯曰∶诸遗者，热甚而强食之，
故有所遗也。若此者，皆病已衰而热有所藏，因其谷气相搏，两热相合，故有所遗也。帝曰
∶治遗奈何？岐伯曰∶视其虚实，调其逆从，可使必已也。帝曰∶病热当何禁之？岐伯曰∶病
热少愈，食肉则复，多食则遗，此其禁也。
《刺热篇》曰∶肝热病者，小便先黄，腹痛多卧，身热，热争则狂言及惊，胁满痛，手
足躁，不得安卧。庚辛甚，甲乙大汗，气逆则庚辛死。刺足厥阴、少阳。其逆则头痛员员，
脉引冲头也。心热病者，先不乐，数日乃热，热争则卒心痛，烦闷善呕，头痛，面赤，无汗
。壬癸甚，丙丁大汗，气逆则壬癸死。刺手少阴、太阳。脾热病者，先头重颊痛，烦心，颜
青欲呕，身热，热争则腰痛不可用俯仰，腹满泄，两颔痛。甲乙甚，戊己大汗，气逆则甲乙
死。刺足太阴、阳明。肺热病者，先淅然厥，起毫毛，恶风寒，舌上黄，身热，热争则喘咳
，痛走胸膺背，不得太息，头痛不堪，汗出而寒。丙丁甚，庚辛大汗，气逆则丙丁死。刺手
太阴、阳明，出血如大豆，立已。肾热病者，先腰痛 酸，苦渴数饮，身热，热争
则项痛而强， 寒且酸，足下热，不欲言，其逆则项痛员员澹澹然。戊己甚，壬癸
大汗，气逆则戊己死。刺足少阴、太阳。诸汗者，至其所胜日汗出也。肝热病者，左颊先赤
。心热病者，颜先赤。脾热病者，鼻先赤。肺热病者，右颊先赤。肾热病者，颐先赤。病虽
未发，见赤色者，刺之，名曰治未病。太阳之脉色荣颧骨，热病也，荣未交，曰今且得汗，
待时而已。与厥阴脉争见者，死期不过三日。其热病内连肾，少阳之脉色也。少阳之脉色荣
颊前，热病也。荣未交，曰今且得汗，待时而已。与少阴脉争见者，死期不过三日。（此一
节即言伤寒之两感也，详注备载《类经·疾病类》四十四）
《热病篇》曰∶热病三日，而气口静、人迎躁者，取之诸阳，五十九刺，以泻其热而出
其汗，实其阴以补其不足者。身热甚，阴阳皆静者，勿刺也。其可刺者，急取之，不汗出则
泄。所谓勿刺者，有死征也。热病七日、八日，脉口动喘而弦者，急刺之，汗且自出，浅刺
手大指间。热病七日、八日，脉微小，病者溲血，口中干，一日半而死，脉代者，一日死。
热病已得汗出，而脉尚躁，喘且复热，勿刺肤，喘甚者死。热病七日、八日，脉不躁，躁不
散数，后三日中有汗，三日不汗，四日死。未曾汗者，勿腠刺之。热病不知所痛，耳聋不能
自收，口干，阳热甚，阴颇有寒者，热在髓，死不可治。热病而汗且出，及脉顺可汗者，取
之鱼际、太渊、大都、太白，泻之则热去，补之则汗出。汗出太甚，取内踝上横脉以止之。
热病已得汗而脉尚躁盛，此阴脉之极也，死。其得汗而脉静者，生。热病者，脉尚躁盛而不
得汗者，此阳脉之极也，死。脉盛躁得汗静者，生。热病不可刺者有九∶一曰汗不出，大颧
发赤，哕者死。二曰泄而腹满甚者，死。三曰目不明，热不已者，死。四曰老人婴儿，热而
腹满者，死。五曰汗不出，呕下血者，死。六曰舌本烂，热不已者，死。七曰咳而衄，汗不
出，出不至足者死。八曰髓热者死。九曰热而痉者死，腰折、螈 、齿噤 也。凡此九
者，不可刺也。太阳之脉色荣颧骨，热病也。与厥阴脉争见者，死。死期不过三日。少阳之
脉色荣颊前，热病也。与少阴脉争见者，死期不过三日。（本篇刺法未及详录，具载《类经
·针刺类》第四十）
《评热病论》帝曰∶有病温者，汗出辄复热，而脉躁疾，不为汗衰，狂言不能食，病名
为何？岐伯曰∶病名阴阳交，交者，死也。人所以汗出者，皆生于谷，谷生于精。今邪气交
争于骨肉而得汗者，是邪却而精胜也。精胜则当能食而不复热，复热者，邪气也。汗者，
精气也。今汗出而辄复热者，是邪胜也。不能食者，精无俾也。病而留者，其寿可立而倾也
。且夫热论曰∶汗出而脉尚躁盛者，死。今脉不与汗相应，此不胜其病也，其死明矣。狂言
者，是失志，失志者，死。今见三死，不见一生，虽愈必死也。
《刺志论》曰∶气盛身寒，得之伤寒；气虚身热，得之伤暑。
《论疾诊尺篇》曰∶尺肤热甚，脉盛躁者，病温也。其脉盛而滑者，病且出也。
《刺法论》帝曰∶余闻五疫之至，皆相染易，无问大小，病状相似，不施救疗，如何可
得不相移易者？岐伯曰∶不相染者，正气存内，邪不可干，避其毒瓦斯，天牝从来，复得其往
，气出于脑，即不干邪。气出于脑，即室先想心如日。欲将入于疫室，先想青气自肝而出，
左行于东，化作林木。次想白气自肺而出，右行于西，化作戈甲。次想赤气自心而出，南行
于上，化作焰明。次想黑气自肾而出，北行于下，化作水。次想黄气自脾而出，存于中央，
化作土。五气护身之毕，以想头上如北斗之煌煌，然后可入于疫室。
《水热穴论》帝曰∶夫子言治热病五十九俞，愿闻其处，因闻其意。岐伯曰∶头上五
行行五者，以越诸阳之热逆也。大杼、膺俞、缺盆、背俞，此八者，以泻胸中之热也。气街
、三里、巨虚上下廉，此八者，以泻胃中之热也。云门、 骨、委中、髓空，此八者以
泻四肢之热也。五脏俞傍五，此十者，以泻五脏之热也。凡此五十九穴者，皆热之左右也。
帝曰∶人伤于寒而传为热，何也？曰∶夫寒盛则生热也。
张仲景治疗太阳病（太阳经受邪所致的病证）出现身体僵硬、脉象沉迟的，使用栝蒌桂枝汤（瓜蒌根与桂枝组成的方剂）以取微汗。治疗刚痉（以项背强直、口噤不开为特征，伴无汗者）无汗的，用葛根汤。治疗胸满、口噤（牙关紧闭）、卧时背部不能着席（角弓反张）、脚部痉挛、牙齿咬合的，用大承气汤（大黄、芒硝等组成的峻下热结方剂）。按此皆属驱散实邪的方法，虽然此类病症不多见，但偶尔也有发生，因此也不可不知。
王海藏治疗刚痉，使用神术汤（苍术等组成的方剂）加羌活、独活、麻黄。治疗柔痉（以项背强直、汗出为特征）的，使用白术汤加桂心、黄芩。
大营煎（新补十四） 五福饮（新补六） 参归汤（补三八） 参附汤（补三七） 附子汤（补四三） 白术汤（和二六） 一阴煎（新补八） 三阴煎（新补十一） 保阴煎（新寒一） 温胃饮（新热五） 胃关煎（新热九） 清化饮（新因十三） 玉女煎（新寒十二） 大补元煎（新补一） 十全大补汤（补二十） 五积散（散三九） 大温中饮（新散八） 人参建中汤（补二六） 清膈煎（新寒九） 二柴胡饮（新散二） 当归六黄汤（寒六五） 神术汤（和三九） 三柴胡饮（新散三） 补阴益气煎（新补十六） 六安煎（新和二） 四柴胡饮（新散四） 加减一阴煎（新补九） 葛根汤（散二九） 大承气汤（攻一） 栝蒌桂枝汤（散十二） 抱龙丸（小八五）
防风当归汤（和二四一 过汗反张）
《素问·阴阳应象大论》说：冬季感受寒邪，春季必定发生温病。
《素问·金匮真言论》说：精，是生命的根本。所以精气封藏固密的人，春季不会患温病。
《素问·热论篇》黄帝问：现在的热病，都属于伤寒一类，有的痊愈，有的死亡，死亡的都在六七天之间，痊愈的都在十天以上，为什么呢？岐伯回答说：巨阳（即太阳经），是诸阳经的统领。它的经脉连于风府穴，所以成为诸阳经的主气。人感受寒邪，就会发为热病，热势即使很盛也不会死。如果两感于寒（表里两经同时受邪）而发病的，必然不免于死。黄帝说：我想听听它的症状表现。岐伯说：伤寒第一天，太阳经受邪，所以头项痛，腰脊强直。第二天，阳明经受邪，阳明经主肌肉，其经脉夹鼻，联络于目，所以身热、目疼而鼻干，不能安卧。第三天，少阳经受邪，少阳经主胆，其经脉循行胁肋联络于耳，所以胸胁痛而耳聋。三阳经络都受了病邪但未传入五脏的，所以可以通过发汗法治愈。第四天，太阴经受邪，太阴经脉布散于胃中，联络于咽喉，所以腹满而咽喉干燥。第五天，少阴经受邪，少阴经脉贯穿肾，联络于肺，系于舌本，所以口燥舌干而渴。第六天，厥阴经受邪，厥阴经脉循行阴器而联络于肝，所以烦闷且阴囊收缩。三阴三阳、五脏六腑都受了病邪，营卫之气运行停滞，五脏不通就会死亡。那些没有两感于寒的，第七天，太阳经的病势衰退，头痛稍好。第八天，阳明经的病势衰退，身热稍退。第九天，少阳经的病势衰退，耳聋能稍微听到声音。第十天，太阴经的病势衰退，腹部胀满减轻如常，于是想进食。第十一天，少阴经的病势衰退，口渴停止，腹部不胀满，舌干已愈并打喷嚏。第十二天，厥阴经的病势衰退，阴囊松弛，少腹轻微舒缓，大气（指邪气）都已去除，病一天天好了。黄帝问：怎么治疗呢？岐伯说：治疗要分别疏通各脏的经脉，病势就会一天天衰退痊愈。病程未满三天的，可以通过发汗法治愈；病程已满三天的，可以通过泄下法治愈。
《素问·热论篇》说：两感于寒的，第一天太阳与少阴同病，则头痛、口干而烦满。第二天阳明与太阳同病，则腹满、身热不欲食，谵语。第三天少阳与厥阴同病，则耳聋、阴囊收缩且四肢厥冷，水浆不进，神志昏迷，第六天死亡。黄帝问：五脏已伤，六腑不通，营卫不行。像这样之后，还要过三天才死，为什么呢？岐伯说：阳明经是十二经脉之长，其血气旺盛，所以神志昏迷，经过三天其气耗尽，所以死亡。
《素问·热论篇》说：凡是患伤寒而转化为温病的，在夏至日之前发生的，称为病温。在夏至日之后发生的，称为病暑。暑邪应当随汗一起排出，不要止汗。
《素问·热论篇》黄帝问：热病已经痊愈，但有时还有余热残留，为什么呢？岐伯说：所有余热残留的情况，是因为热势正盛时强行进食，所以有残留。像这种情况，都是病势已衰但热邪有所潜藏，因为食物谷气与余热相搏结，两热相合，所以有残留。黄帝问：治疗余热残留怎么办？岐伯说：观察虚实，调理逆从，可以使病必愈。黄帝问：患热病应当禁忌什么？岐伯说：热病稍有好转，吃肉就会复发，多吃就会遗留余热，这是禁忌。
《素问·刺热篇》说：肝热病患者，小便先黄，腹痛多卧，身热，热邪亢争则狂言及惊骇，胁肋满痛，手足躁扰，不得安卧。逢庚辛日病情加重，逢甲乙日大汗出，若气机逆乱则逢庚辛日死亡。针刺足厥阴、足少阳经。若气逆则头痛头晕，脉气上冲头部。心热病患者，先心情不乐，数日后发热，热邪亢争则突然心痛，烦闷善呕，头痛，面赤，无汗。逢壬癸日病情加重，逢丙丁日大汗出，若气机逆乱则逢壬癸日死亡。针刺手少阴、手太阳经。脾热病患者，先头重颊痛，心烦，面色发青欲呕，身热，热邪亢争则腰痛不可俯仰，腹满泄泻，两颔痛。逢甲乙日病情加重，逢戊己日大汗出，若气机逆乱则逢甲乙日死亡。针刺足太阴、足阳明经。肺热病患者，先淅然恶寒，毫毛竖起，恶风寒，舌苔黄，身热，热邪亢争则喘咳，疼痛游走于胸膺背部，不能深呼吸，头痛难忍，汗出而寒。逢丙丁日病情加重，逢庚辛日大汗出，若气机逆乱则逢丙丁日死亡。针刺手太阴、手阳明经，出血如大豆大小，立即痊愈。肾热病患者，先腰痛酸软，苦渴多饮，身热，热邪亢争则项痛而强直，恶寒且酸软，足下热，不想说话，若气逆则项痛头晕晃荡。逢戊己日病情加重，逢壬癸日大汗出，若气机逆乱则逢戊己日死亡。针刺足少阴、足太阳经。各种汗出，都是在其所胜之日汗出。肝热病患者，左颊先红。心热病患者，颜面先红。脾热病患者，鼻头先红。肺热病患者，右颊先红。肾热病患者，下巴先红。病虽未发作，见到红色者，针刺之，名叫治未病。太阳经脉色泽反映在颧骨，是热病，若色泽未交杂，说现在若能得汗，等待时令即可痊愈。若与厥阴经脉色泽争见者，死期不超过三天。其热病内连于肾，是少阳经脉色泽的表现。少阳经脉色泽反映在颊前，是热病。若色泽未交杂，说现在若能得汗，等待时令即可痊愈。若与少阴经脉色泽争见者，死期不超过三天。（这一节即讲伤寒的两感证，详细注释备载《类经·疾病类》第四十四）
《素问·热病篇》说：热病三天，气口脉静、人迎脉躁动的，取诸阳经穴位，用五十九刺法，以泻其热而出其汗，充实其阴以补其不足。身热很盛，阴阳脉皆静的，不要针刺。可以针刺的，急取之，不出汗则用泄法。所谓不要针刺的，是有死征。热病七天、八天，脉口动喘而弦的，急刺之，汗将自出，浅刺手大指间。热病七天、八天，脉微小，病人尿血，口中干，一日半而死，脉代者，一日死。热病已得汗出，而脉尚躁动，气喘且复热，不要刺皮肤，喘甚的死亡。热病七天、八天，脉不躁，躁不散数，后三日中有汗，三日无汗，第四天死。未曾汗出的，不要刺腠理。热病不知疼痛，耳聋不能收摄肢体，口干，阳热很盛，阴分颇有寒象的，热在髓，死不可治。热病汗将要出，及脉顺可汗的，取鱼际、太渊、大都、太白穴，泻之则热去，补之则汗出。汗出太多，取内踝上横脉以止之。热病已得汗而脉尚躁盛，这是阴脉的极象，死。得汗而脉静的，生。热病患者，脉尚躁盛而不得汗的，这是阳脉的极象，死。脉盛躁得汗后变静的，生。热病不可针刺的有九种：一是汗不出，大颧发赤，呃逆的死亡。二是泄泻而腹满严重的，死亡。三是目不明，热不退的，死亡。四是老人婴儿，热而腹满的，死亡。五是汗不出，呕而下血的，死亡。六是舌本烂，热不退的，死亡。七是咳而衄血，汗不出，汗出不到足的，死亡。八是髓热的，死亡。九是热而痉的，死亡，腰折、抽搐、牙齿咬合的。凡此九种，不可针刺。太阳经脉色泽反映在颧骨，是热病。与厥阴经脉色泽争见者，死。死期不超过三天。少阳经脉色泽反映在颊前，是热病。与少阴经脉色泽争见者，死期不超过三天。（本篇刺法未及详细收录，具载《类经·针刺类》第四十）
《素问·评热病论》黄帝问：有病温病的，汗出随即又发热，脉躁疾，不因汗出而衰减，狂言不能食，病名为什么？岐伯说：病名阴阳交，交的，死。人之所以汗出，都源于谷气，谷气生于精气。现在邪气交争于骨肉而得汗的，是邪气退却而精气胜利。精气胜利则应当能食而不复热，复热的，是邪气。汗，是精气。现在汗出而随即又发热的，是邪气胜利。不能食的，精气得不到补充。病邪留滞不去，寿命立刻倾覆。况且《热论》说：汗出而脉尚躁盛的，死。现在脉不与汗相应，这是不胜其病，其死明显了。狂言，是失志，失志的，死。现在见到三种死征，不见一种生机，即使暂时好转也必死。
《素问·刺志论》说：气盛身寒，得之于伤寒；气虚身热，得之于伤暑。
《素问·论疾诊尺篇》说：尺肤热甚，脉盛躁的，是病温。其脉盛而滑的，病将外出。
《素问·刺法论》黄帝问：我听说五疫到来，都相互传染，无论大小，病状相似，如果不施救疗，如何可以避免不相传染呢？岐伯说：不相传染的，正气存于体内，邪气不可侵犯，避开毒瓦斯，从鼻而入，再使其从鼻而出，气出于脑，就不干扰邪气。气出于脑，就要先想象心如烈日。如果要进入疫室，先想象青气从肝而出，向左行于东，化作林木。次想象白气从肺而出，向右行于西，化作戈甲。次想象赤气从心而出，向南行于上，化作火焰光明。次想象黑气从肾而出，向北行于下，化作水。次想象黄气从脾而出，存于中央，化作土。五气护身完毕，再想象头上如北斗星般辉煌，然后才可进入疫室。
《素问·水热穴论》黄帝问：先生讲治疗热病五十九个俞穴，愿闻其位置，顺便听其用意。岐伯说：头上五行每行五个，用来发散诸阳经的热逆。大杼、膺俞、缺盆、背俞，这八个，用来泻胸中之热。气街、三里、巨虚上下廉，这八个，用来泻胃中之热。云门、髃骨、委中、髓空，这八个，用来泻四肢之热。五脏俞傍五，这十个，用来泻五脏之热。凡这五十九穴，都是治热的左右配穴。黄帝问：人伤于寒而传变为热，为什么呢？回答说：寒盛则生热。
Zhang Zhongjing treated Taiyang disease (a syndrome caused by pathogenic factors invading the Taiyang meridian) presenting with body stiffness and a deep, slow pulse using Gualou Guizhi Tang (Trichosanthes Root and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to induce mild sweating. For Gang Jing (rigid spasm characterized by neck and back rigidity and lockjaw, accompanied by anhidrosis) without sweat, he used Gegen Tang. For cases presenting with chest fullness, lockjaw, inability to lie flat with the back touching the bed (opisthotonos), leg spasms, and clenched teeth, he used Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction). These methods all belong to dispelling excess pathogens. Although such cases are rare, they do occur occasionally, so one must be aware of them.
Wang Haicang treated Gang Jing using Shenzhu Tang (Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) added with Qianghuo, Duhuo, and Mahuang. For Rou Jing (soft spasm characterized by neck and back rigidity and sweating), he used Baizhu Tang added with Guixin and Huangqin.
Daying Jian (New Supplement 14) Wufu Yin (New Supplement 6) Shen Gui Tang (Supplement 38) Shen Fu Tang (Supplement 37) Fuzi Tang (Supplement 43) Baizhu Tang (Harmonize 26) Yiyin Jian (New Supplement 8) Sanyin Jian (New Supplement 11) Baoyin Jian (New Cold 1) Wenwei Yin (New Heat 5) Weiguan Jian (New Heat 9) Qinghua Yin (New Cause 13) Yvnu Jian (New Cold 12) Dabu Yuanyuan Jian (New Supplement 1) Shiquan Dabu Tang (Supplement 20) Wuji San (Disperse 39) Dawenzhong Yin (New Disperse 8) Renshen Jianzhong Tang (Supplement 26) Qingge Jian (New Cold 9) Er Chaihu Yin (New Disperse 2) Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Cold 65) Shenzhu Tang (Harmonize 39) San Chaihu Yin (New Disperse 3) Buyin Yiqi Jian (New Supplement 16) Liu'an Jian (New Harmonize 2) Si Chaihu Yin (New Disperse 4) Jiajian Yiyin Jian (New Supplement 9) Gegen Tang (Disperse 29) Dachengqi Tang (Attack 1) Gualou Guizhi Tang (Disperse 12) Baolong Wan (Small 85)
Fangfeng Danggui Tang (Harmonize 241 - Spasm induced by excessive sweating)
The *Suwen: Yin-Ying Yingxiang Dalun* states: If cold is injured in winter, warm diseases will surely occur in spring.
The *Suwen: Jin Gui Zhenyan Lun* states: Essence (Jing) is the root of the body. Therefore, those who store essence well will not suffer from warm diseases in spring.
In the *Suwen: Relun Pian*, the Yellow Emperor asked: Now, heat diseases all belong to the category of cold damage. Some recover, some die; those who die usually do so between the sixth and seventh day, while those who recover usually do so after the tenth day. Why is this? Qibo replied: Juyang (Taiyang) is the leader of all Yang meridians. Its vessels connect to the Fengfu point, thus serving as the master qi for all Yang meridians. When humans are injured by cold, it manifests as a heat disease. Even if the heat is severe, it will not cause death. However, those who suffer from "double injury by cold" (simultaneous invasion of exterior and interior meridians) will inevitably die. The Yellow Emperor said: I wish to hear about its symptoms. Qibo said: On the first day of cold damage, Taiyang is affected, hence headache, stiff neck, and soreness/stiffness of the waist and spine. On the second day, Yangming is affected. Yangming governs flesh; its vessels run alongside the nose and connect to the eyes. Hence, there is fever, eye pain, dry nose, and inability to sleep. On the third day, Shaoyang is affected. Shaoyang governs the Gallbladder; its vessels follow the hypochondrium and connect to the ears. Hence, there is pain in the chest and hypochondrium, and deafness. If the diseases of the three Yang meridians have been received but have not entered the Zang organs, they can be cured by sweating. On the fourth day, Taiyin is affected. Taiyin vessels distribute in the stomach and connect to the throat. Hence, abdominal fullness and dry throat. On the fifth day, Shaoyin is affected. Shaoyin vessels penetrate the Kidney, connect to the Lung, and tie to the root of the tongue. Hence, dry mouth and tongue, and thirst. On the sixth day, Jueyin is affected. Jueyin vessels follow the genitalia and connect to the Liver. Hence, irritability, fullness, and retraction of the scrotum. When the three Yin and three Yang meridians, and the five Zang and six Fu organs are all diseased, and Ying and Wei qi cease to circulate, and the five Zang become blocked, death ensues. In cases not suffering from double injury by cold, on the seventh day, the disease in Taiyang declines, and headache improves slightly. On the eighth day, the disease in Yangming declines, and body heat subsides slightly. On the ninth day, the disease in Shaoyang declines, and hearing improves slightly. On the tenth day, the disease in Taiyin declines, abdominal distension reduces to normal, and appetite returns. On the eleventh day, the disease in Shaoyin declines, thirst stops, abdominal fullness ceases, tongue dryness resolves, and sneezing occurs. On the twelfth day, the disease in Jueyin declines, the scrotum relaxes, lower abdomen becomes slightly soft, pathogenic qi is expelled, and the illness heals day by day. The Yellow Emperor asked: How should it be treated? Qibo said: Treatment involves unblocking the meridians of each respective organ, so that the disease declines day by day. For those whose illness has lasted less than three days, sweating can cure it; for those whose illness has lasted more than three days, purging can cure it.
The *Suwen: Relun Pian* states: In cases of double injury by cold, on the first day, Taiyang and Shaoyin are both diseased, resulting in headache, dry mouth, and irritability/fullness. On the second day, Yangming and Taiyang are both diseased, resulting in abdominal fullness, fever, aversion to food, and delirious speech. On the third day, Shaoyang and Jueyin are both diseased, resulting in deafness, scrotal retraction, and cold limbs; inability to take fluids or food, and unconsciousness lead to death on the sixth day. The Yellow Emperor asked: The five Zang are damaged, the six Fu are blocked, and Ying and Wei qi do not circulate. After this, why does death occur three days later? Qibo said: Yangming is the head of the twelve meridians, and its blood and qi are abundant. Hence, unconsciousness occurs; after three days, its qi is exhausted, leading to death.
The *Suwen: Relun Pian* states: Any disease originating from cold damage that transforms into warmth: if it occurs before the Summer Solstice, it is called Warm Disease (Wen Bing); if it occurs after the Summer Solstice, it is called Summerheat Disease (Shu Bing). Summerheat should exit with sweat; do not stop sweating.
In the *Suwen: Relun Pian*, the Yellow Emperor asked: Heat diseases have healed, yet sometimes residual heat remains. Why? Qibo said: Residual heat occurs because food is forced upon the patient when heat is intense. In such cases, the disease has declined but heat is hidden; the qi of grain interacts with the residual heat, combining two heats, causing residual symptoms. The Yellow Emperor asked: How to treat residual heat? Qibo said: Observe deficiency and excess, regulate reversal and順 (shun), and the disease can certainly be cured. The Yellow Emperor asked: What should be prohibited during heat disease? Qibo said: When heat disease shows slight improvement, eating meat causes relapse; overeating causes residual heat. This is the prohibition.
The *Suwen: Ci Re Pian* states: In Liver Heat disease, urine turns yellow first, accompanied by abdominal pain, tendency to lie down, and fever. When heat contends, there is delirium and惊 (startle/fright), hypochondriac fullness and pain, restlessness of hands and feet, and inability to sleep peacefully. Symptoms worsen on Geng/Xin days, and profuse sweating occurs on Jia/Yi days. If qi rebels, death occurs on Geng/Xin days. Needle the Foot Jueyin and Foot Shaoyang meridians. If qi rebels, there is dizziness and headache, with pulse qi rushing to the head. In Heart Heat disease, there is initial displeasure, followed by fever after several days. When heat contends, sudden heart pain, irritability, frequent vomiting, headache, red face, and anhidrosis occur. Symptoms worsen on Ren/Gui days, and profuse sweating occurs on Bing/Ding days. If qi rebels, death occurs on Ren/Gui days. Needle the Hand Shaoyin and Hand Taiyang meridians. In Spleen Heat disease, there is initial heavy head and cheek pain, irritability, bluish complexion, desire to vomit, and fever. When heat contends, lower back pain prevents bending and stretching, abdominal fullness, diarrhea, and pain in both mandibles occur. Symptoms worsen on Jia/Yi days, and profuse sweating occurs on Wu/Ji days. If qi rebels, death occurs on Jia/Yi days. Needle the Foot Taiyin and Foot Yangming meridians. In Lung Heat disease, there is initial chills, goosebumps, aversion to wind and cold, yellow coating on the tongue, and fever. When heat contends, wheezing and coughing occur, pain radiates to the chest, epigastrium, and back, difficulty in deep breathing, unbearable headache, sweating, and chills occur. Symptoms worsen on Bing/Ding days, and profuse sweating occurs on Geng/Xin days. If qi rebels, death occurs on Bing/Ding days. Needle the Hand Taiyin and Hand Yangming meridians; bleeding like a soybean size leads to immediate recovery. In Kidney Heat disease, there is initial lower back pain and soreness, bitter thirst with frequent drinking, and fever. When heat contends, neck pain and stiffness, aversion to cold with soreness, heat in the soles of the feet, and reluctance to speak occur. If qi rebels, there is neck pain and dizziness. Symptoms worsen on Wu/Ji days, and profuse sweating occurs on Ren/Gui days. If qi rebels, death occurs on Wu/Ji days. Needle the Foot Shaoyin and Foot Taiyang meridians. Sweating occurs on the day that controls the diseased organ. In Liver Heat disease, the left cheek reddens first. In Heart Heat disease, the forehead reddens first. In Spleen Heat disease, the nose reddens first. In Lung Heat disease, the right cheek reddens first. In Kidney Heat disease, the chin reddens first. Even if the disease has not manifested, seeing redness indicates the need for acupuncture, known as treating disease before it arises. If Taiyang vessel color reflects on the zygomatic bone, it is a heat disease. If the color has not mixed, it is said that if sweat is obtained now, waiting for the appropriate time will suffice. If it competes with Jueyin vessel color, death will not exceed three days. If heat disease internally connects to the Kidney, it is indicated by Shaoyang vessel color. If Shaoyang vessel color reflects on the front of the cheek, it is a heat disease. If the color has not mixed, it is said that if sweat is obtained now, waiting for the appropriate time will suffice. If it competes with Shaoyin vessel color, death will not exceed three days. (This section discusses double injury by cold; detailed notes are recorded in *Lei Jing · Disease Category* 44).
The *Suwen: Re Bing Pian* states: On the third day of heat disease, if the Qi Kou pulse is quiet and the Ren Ying pulse is agitated, needle the Yang meridians. Use the fifty-nine needles to drain heat and induce sweat, solidifying Yin to supplement insufficiency. If body heat is very high and both Yin and Yang pulses are quiet, do not needle. For those who can be needled, act quickly; if sweat does not occur, use purging. Those who should not be needled show signs of death. On the seventh or eighth day of heat disease, if the pulse mouth moves, pants, and is wiry, needle urgently; sweat will self-occur. Needle shallowly at the space between the thumb and index finger. On the seventh or eighth day, if the pulse is minute and small, and the patient urinates blood, has a dry mouth, death occurs in one and a half days. If the pulse is intermittent (Dai), death occurs in one day. If heat disease has produced sweat, but the pulse remains agitated, panting occurs, and fever returns, do not needle the skin; severe panting leads to death. On the seventh or eighth day, if the pulse is not agitated, and agitation is not scattered and rapid, sweat may occur within three days; if no sweat occurs in three days, death occurs on the fourth day. For those who have never sweated, do not needle the couli (pores). If heat disease presents with unknown pain location, deafness, inability to control limbs, dry mouth, extreme Yang heat, and significant Yin cold, the heat is in the marrow; this is incurable and fatal. If heat disease is about to sweat, and the pulse allows for sweating, needle Yuji, Taiyuan, Dadu, and Taibai. Draining removes heat; tonifying induces sweat. If sweating is excessive, needle the transverse vessel above the medial malleolus to stop it. If heat disease has produced sweat but the pulse remains agitated and full, this is the extreme of Yin pulses, indicating death. If sweat occurs and the pulse becomes quiet, life is preserved. If heat disease patients have agitated and full pulses but no sweat, this is the extreme of Yang pulses, indicating death. If pulses are full and agitated but become quiet after sweating, life is preserved. There are nine conditions in heat disease where needling is contraindicated: 1. Anhidrosis, redness of the zygomatic bones, and hiccups indicate death. 2. Diarrhea with severe abdominal fullness indicates death. 3. Unclear vision with persistent heat indicates death. 4. Elderly people and infants with heat and abdominal fullness indicate death. 5. Anhidrosis with vomiting and hematochezia/hematemesis indicate death. 6. Ulceration of the tongue root with persistent heat indicates death. 7. Coughing with epistaxis, anhidrosis, or sweat failing to reach the feet indicate death. 8. Marrow heat indicates death. 9. Heat with convulsions (spasticity, opisthotonos, lockjaw) indicates death. All nine conditions are contraindications for needling. If Taiyang vessel color reflects on the zygomatic bone, it is a heat disease. Competition with Jueyin vessel color indicates death within three days. If Shaoyang vessel color reflects on the front of the cheek, it is a heat disease. Competition with Shaoyin vessel color indicates death within three days. (Needling methods in this chapter are not fully recorded; see *Lei Jing · Needling Category* 40).
In the *Suwen: Ping Re Bing Lun*, the Yellow Emperor asked: In warm disease patients, sweat is produced but heat immediately returns, the pulse is rapid and agitated, does not subside with sweat, and there is delirium and inability to eat. What is the name of this disease? Qibo said: It is named Yin-Yang Jiao (Yin-Yang Intersection). Jiao means death. Humans produce sweat from grain qi, which originates from essence. When pathogenic qi contends in muscle and bone and sweat is produced, it means pathogen is retreating and essence is victorious. If essence is victorious, the patient should be able to eat and not have recurrent fever. Recurrent fever indicates pathogenic victory. Sweat is essence. If sweat is produced but heat immediately returns, it indicates pathogenic victory. Inability to eat means essence has no support. If the disease lingers, life is instantly imperiled. Furthermore, the *Re Lun* states: Sweat produced with agitated and full pulse indicates death. Now, the pulse does not correspond with sweat, meaning the body cannot overcome the disease; death is evident. Delirium indicates loss of Zhi (Will/Shen). Loss of Zhi indicates death. Seeing three signs of death and no sign of life, even if temporary improvement occurs, death is certain.
The *Suwen: Ci Zhi Lun* states: Abundant qi with cold body results from cold damage; deficient qi with hot body results from summerheat injury.
The *Suwen: Lun Ji Zhen Chi Pian* states: Hot skin on the chi region with agitated and full pulse indicates warm disease. If the pulse is full and slippery, the disease is about to exit.
In the *Suwen: Ci Fa Lun*, the Yellow Emperor asked: I have heard that the five plagues arrive and infect each other, regardless of age, with similar symptoms. Without treatment, how can one avoid infection? Qibo said: Those who do not get infected have righteous qi stored within, preventing pathogenic interference. Avoid toxic vapors; they enter through the nose (Tianping) and should be expelled back out. Qi emerges from the brain, thus not interfering with pathogens. To emerge qi from the brain, one must visualize the heart like the sun. Before entering an epidemic room, visualize green qi emerging from the Liver, moving left to the East, transforming into forests and trees. Next, visualize white qi emerging from the Lungs, moving right to the West, transforming into weapons and armor. Next, visualize red qi emerging from the Heart, moving south upwards, transforming into bright flames. Next, visualize black qi emerging from the Kidneys, moving north downwards, transforming into water. Next, visualize yellow qi emerging from the Spleen, residing in the Center, transforming into earth. After completing the protection of the five qi, visualize the head shining like the Big Dipper, then one can enter the epidemic room.
In the *Suwen: Shui Re Xue Lun*, the Yellow Emperor asked: Master spoke of fifty-nine acupoints for treating heat disease. I wish to know their locations and meanings. Qibo said: The five rows of five points on the head disperse rebellious heat from all Yang meridians. Dazhu, Ying Shu, Quepen, and Bei Shu (eight points) drain heat from the chest. Qijie, Zusanli, Shangjuxu, and Xiaguxu (eight points) drain heat from the stomach. Yunmen, Guyuan (or similar bone point), Weizhong, and Suikong (eight points) drain heat from the four limbs. Five points beside the Back-Shu points of the five Zang (ten points) drain heat from the five Zang. All these fifty-nine points are lateral counterparts for treating heat. The Yellow Emperor asked: Why does cold injury transmit into heat? The answer is: Extreme cold generates heat.