补虚寒。
酸而咸温。暖脾益胃。脾胃暖则腰肾受荫矣。补虚寒。助阳事。（两肾阴茎尤胜。）狗实。
（
结成狗腹中者。）专攻翻胃。善理疔疽。屎中粟米、起痘治噎。屎中骨、治寒热小儿惊痫。
气壮多火。阳事易举者忌之。妊妇食之，令子无声。热病后食之、杀人。道家以犬为地厌。
忌食。黄犬益脾，黑犬补肾。他色者。不宜用也。反商陆。畏杏仁。恶蒜。
补虚劳。
甘热属火。补虚劳。益气力。（仲景治虚羸蓐劳、有当归羊肉汤、凡形气痿弱者、俱宜
食之
。）壮阳道。开胃健力。通气发疮。羊食毒草。凡疮家及痼疾者。食之即发。宜忌之。青羊
肝色青。补肝而明目。胆、苦寒。点风泪眼。赤障白翳。（腊月入蜜胆中、纸
套笼住、悬檐下、待霜出、扫取点眼、又入蜜胆中蒸之、候干、研为膏、每含少许、或点之
、名二百味草花膏、以羊食百草、蜂采百花也、时珍曰∶肝开窍于目、胆汁减则目暗、目者
、肝之外候、胆之精华也、故诸胆皆治目病。）肺、通肺气。止咳嗽。利小便。肾、益精助
阳。 、（结成羊腹中者。）除翻胃。角、明目杀虫。血、主产后血晕闷绝。生饮一杯即活。
中金银丹石砒硫一切诸毒。生饮即解。乳、补肺肾。润胃脘大肠之燥。治反胃消渴。口疮舌
肿。（含漱。）蜘蛛咬伤。（有浑身生丝者、饮之瘥。）胫骨入肾而补骨。烧灰擦牙良。（时珍
曰
羊
头骨可以消铁、误吞铜铁者、胫骨灰三钱、米饮下。）肉肝。青
羊良。（牡羊曰 、曰羝。）胆、青羯羊良。（去势曰羯。）乳白 羊良。（子曰羔、羔五月
曰。）反半夏、菖蒲。忌铜器及醋。（损伤青肿、用新羊肉贴之、伤目青肿、羊肉煮熟熨之。）
补脾土。
甘温属土。安中补脾。益气止渴。（倒仓法、用牡黄牛肉二十斤、洗净煮为糜、滤去滓、
熬
成琥珀色、前一晚不食、次日、空腹坐密室取汁、每饮一钟、少时又饮、积数十钟、寒月温
饮、如病在上则吐、在下则利、在中则吐而利、利后必渴、即饮己溺、以涤余垢、饥倦、
先与米饮、二日与淡粥、次与浓粥软饭、将养一月、沉 悉除矣、须断房事半年、牛肉五年、
色、肉胃、药液无形之物也、积聚既久、回薄肠胃曲折之处、岂铢
两丸散所能窥犯乎、肉液充满流行、无处不到、如洪水泛涨、一切凝滞、皆顺流而去矣、此
方传于西域异人、中年后、行一二次、亦却病养寿之一助也、王纶云∶牛肉补中、非吐下药
、借补为泻、因泻为补、亦奇方也。）乳、味甘微寒。润肠胃。解热毒。补虚劳。治反胃噎
膈。（胃槁胃冷、脾不磨食、故气逆而成、气血不足其本也、日痰饮、曰瘀血、曰食积、其
标也、胃槁者、滋血生津、胃冷者、温中调气、东垣曰∶上焦吐者由乎气、治宜和中而降气
、中焦吐者由乎积、治宜行气而消积、下焦吐者由乎寒、治宜温中而散寒、丹溪曰∶反胃噎
膈、大便燥结、宜牛羊乳、时时咽之、兼服四物汤为上策、不可服人乳、人乳有五味之毒、
七情之火也、 庵曰∶噎膈不通、服香燥药取快一时、破气而耗血、是速其死也、不如少服
药、饮牛乳、加韭汁、或姜汁、或陈酒为佳、江南臬司、患噤口痢、粒米不进、郑奠一令服
牛乳、久之亦瘥。）乳饼一名乳腐。力稍逊之。酥酷醍醐。皆牛羊乳所作。滋润滑泽。宜于
血热枯燥之人。白水牛喉、治反胃吐食。肠结不通。（除两头、去脂膜、醋浸炙末、每服二
钱、陈米饮下。）髓、（炼过用。）补中。填骨髓。久服增年。筋、补肝强筋。益气力。续绝
伤。老病及自死之牛。服之损人。
【背景信息】
书名：本草从新 作者：吴仪洛 朝代：清·公元1644-1911年 章节：狗 / 羊 类别：本草
【待处理原文】
补虚寒。
酸而咸温。暖脾益胃。脾胃暖则腰肾受荫矣。补虚寒。助阳事。（两肾阴茎尤胜。）狗实。
（
结成狗腹中者。）专攻翻胃。善理疔疽。屎中粟米、起痘治噎。屎中骨、治寒热小儿惊痫。
气壮多火。阳事易举者忌之。妊妇食之，令子无声。热病后食之、杀人。道家以犬为地厌。
忌食。黄犬益脾，黑犬补肾。他色者。不宜用也。反商陆。畏杏仁。恶蒜。
补虚劳。
甘热属火。补虚劳。益气力。（仲景治虚羸蓐劳、有当归羊肉汤、凡形气痿弱者、俱宜
食之
。）壮阳道。开胃健力。通气发疮。羊食毒草。凡疮家及痼疾者。食之即发。宜忌之。青羊
肝色青。补肝而明目。胆、苦寒。点风泪眼。赤障白翳。（腊月入蜜胆中、纸
套笼住、悬檐下、待霜出、扫取点眼、又入蜜胆中蒸之、候干、研为膏、每含少许、或点之
、名二百味草花膏、以羊食百草、蜂采百花也、时珍曰∶肝开窍于目、胆汁减则目暗、目者
、肝之外候、胆之精华也、故诸胆皆治目病。）肺、通肺气。止咳嗽。利小便。肾、益精助
阳。 、（结成羊腹中者。）除翻胃。角、明目杀虫。血、主产后血晕闷绝。生饮一杯即活。
中金银丹石砒硫一切诸毒。生饮即解。乳、补肺肾。润胃脘大肠之燥。治反胃消渴。口疮舌
肿。（含漱。）蜘蛛咬伤。（有浑身生丝者、饮之瘥。）胫骨入肾而补骨。烧灰擦牙良。（时珍
曰
羊
头骨可以消铁、误吞铜铁者、胫骨灰三钱、米饮下。）肉肝。青
羊良。（牡羊曰 、曰羝。）胆、青羯羊良。（去势曰羯。）乳白 羊良。（子曰羔、羔五月
曰。）反半夏、菖蒲。忌铜器及醋。（损伤青肿、用新羊肉贴之、伤目青肿、羊肉煮熟熨之。）
补脾土。
甘温属土。安中补脾。益气止渴。（倒仓法、用牡黄牛肉二十斤、洗净煮为糜、滤去滓、
熬
成琥珀色、前一晚不食、次日、空腹坐密室取汁、每饮一钟、少时又饮、积数十钟、寒月温
饮、如病在上则吐、在下则利、在中则吐而利、利后必渴、即饮己溺、以涤余垢、饥倦、
先与米饮、二日与淡粥、次与浓粥软饭、将养一月、沉 悉除矣、须断房事半年、牛肉五年、
色、肉胃、药液无形之物也、积聚既久、回薄肠胃曲折之处、岂铢
两丸散所能窥犯乎、肉液充满流行、无处不到、如洪水泛涨、一切凝滞、皆顺流而去矣、此
方传于西域异人、中年后、行一二次、亦却病养寿之一助也、王纶云∶牛肉补中、非吐下药
、借补为泻、因泻为补、亦奇方也。）乳、味甘微寒。润肠胃。解热毒。补虚劳。治反胃噎
膈。（胃槁胃冷、脾不磨食、故气逆而成、气血不足其本也、日痰饮、曰瘀血、曰食积、其
标也、胃槁者、滋血生津、胃冷者、温中调气、东垣曰∶上焦吐者由乎气、治宜和中而降气
、中焦吐者由乎积、治宜行气而消积、下焦吐者由乎寒、治宜温中而散寒、丹溪曰∶反胃噎
膈、大便燥结、宜牛羊乳、时时咽之、兼服四物汤为上策、不可服人乳、人乳有五味之毒、
七情之火也、 庵曰∶噎膈不通、服香燥药取快一时、破气而耗血、是速其死也、不如少服
药、饮牛乳、加韭汁、或姜汁、或陈酒为佳、江南臬司、患噤口痢、粒米不进、郑奠一令服
牛乳、久之亦瘥。）乳饼一名乳腐。力稍逊之。酥酷醍醐。皆牛羊乳所作。滋润滑泽。宜于
血热枯燥之人。白水牛喉、治反胃吐食。肠结不通。（除两头、去脂膜、醋浸炙末、每服二
钱、陈米饮下。）髓、（炼过用。）补中。填骨髓。久服增年。筋、补肝强筋。益气力。续绝
伤。老病及自死之牛。服之损人。
【白话翻译】
（狗肉）能补益虚寒证。
味道酸且咸，性温。能温暖脾脏，增益胃气。脾胃温暖了，腰部和肾脏也会受到庇护和滋养。用于补益虚寒，辅助性功能。（对两个肾脏和阴茎的功效尤其显著。）狗宝（一种结石，形成于狗的腹部）。专门治疗翻胃（指饮食入胃后随即吐出，或朝食暮吐的病症）。善于治疗疔疮和疽病。狗粪中的粟米状物质，可用于引发痘疹和治疗噎膈（吞咽困难）。狗粪中的骨头，用于治疗小儿因寒热引起的惊风和癫痫。
体质壮实、内火旺盛的人忌用。性功能容易亢进的人忌用。孕妇食用，会导致婴儿失声。热病痊愈后食用，会致人死亡。道家认为狗是“地厌”（阴邪之气），忌讳食用。黄狗肉有益脾脏，黑狗肉有益肾脏。其他颜色的狗肉，不适宜使用。狗肉与商陆相反。畏惧杏仁。厌恶大蒜。
（羊肉）能补益虚劳。
味道甘甜，性质大热，五行属火。能补益虚劳，增强体力。（张仲景治疗身体虚弱消瘦及产后劳损，有用当归羊肉汤；凡是形体衰弱、气息微弱的人，都适宜食用。）能壮阳道，开胃，增强体力。能通行气机，但可能诱发疮疡。羊吃了有毒的草，所以凡是患有疮疡疾病及顽固性疾病的人，食用羊肉就会发病，应当忌讳。青羊的肝脏颜色青，能补肝并明亮眼睛。羊胆，味道苦，性寒。滴眼可治疗迎风流泪。赤障和白翳（眼部疾病）。（在腊月将胆汁装入蜂蜜中，用纸套包裹，悬挂在屋檐下，等待表面结霜，扫下霜粉滴眼，再放入蜂蜜中蒸煮，待干燥后研磨成膏，每次含服少量或滴眼，名为“二百味草花膏”，因为羊吃百草，蜜蜂采百花。李时珍说：肝开窍于目，胆汁减少则视力昏暗，眼睛是肝的外候，也是胆的精华所在，所以各种动物的胆都能治疗眼病。）羊肺，能通调肺气。停止咳嗽。通利小便。羊肾，能益精，辅助阳气。羊黄（一种结石，形成于羊的腹部），能消除翻胃。羊角，能明目，杀虫。羊血，主治产后血晕昏厥。生喝一杯即可救活。能解金银丹药、石药、砒霜、硫磺等一切毒药。生喝羊血即刻解毒。羊奶，能补肺肾。滋润胃脘和大肠的干燥。治疗反胃和消渴（糖尿病类症状）。口疮和舌头肿胀。（含在口中漱口。）蜘蛛咬伤。（如果是全身长毛的蜘蛛咬伤，饮用羊奶可治愈。）羊胫骨入肾经并能补骨。烧成灰用来擦牙齿效果很好。（李时珍说：羊头骨可以消化铁，误吞铜铁异物的人，服用三钱胫骨灰，用米汤送下。）羊肉和羊肝，以青羊的为良。（公羊称为牂，也称为羝。）羊胆，以青色去势公羊（羯羊）的为良。（去势称为羯。）羊奶，以白色母羊的为良。（小羊称为羔，五个月大的羔羊称为特。）羊肉与半夏、石菖蒲相反。忌讳用铜器烹饪及吃醋。（外伤导致青肿，用新鲜羊肉贴敷；眼睛受伤青肿，将羊肉煮熟后热敷。）
（牛肉）能补益脾土。
味道甘甜，性质温，五行属土。能安定中焦，补益脾脏。益气，止渴。（倒仓法：用二十斤黄色公牛，洗净煮成肉糜，过滤掉渣滓，熬制成琥珀色。前一天晚上不吃东西，第二天空腹坐在密闭房间里，取汁饮用。每次喝一杯，过了一会儿再喝，累积喝几十杯。寒冷月份温热饮用。如果病位在上部则呕吐，在下部则腹泻，在中部则既吐又泻。泻后必定口渴，立即饮用自己的尿液，以洗涤剩余的污垢。感到饥饿疲倦时，先给米汤，两天后给淡粥，接着给浓粥和软饭，调养一个月，深沉的积滞全部清除。必须禁欲半年，戒吃牛肉五年。牛肉经过处理后，其药液是无形的物质，积聚久了，回旋渗透肠胃曲折之处，难道几钱几分的丸药散剂所能触及的吗？肉液充满流动，无处不到，如同洪水泛滥，一切凝滞之物，都顺流而去。此方传授自西域异人，中年以后，施行一两次，也是祛病延年的辅助手段。王纶说：牛肉补中焦，并非通过催吐或泻下，而是借助补益来达到泻下的效果，因泻下而达到补益的目的，这也是一个奇妙的方子。）牛奶，味道甘甜，性微寒。滋润肠胃。解除热毒。补益虚劳。治疗反胃和噎膈。（胃体干枯或胃寒，脾不能磨化食物，所以气机上逆而成病。气血不足是其根本原因，痰饮、瘀血、食积是其标象。胃干枯者，需滋血生津；胃寒者，需温中调气。李东垣说：上焦呕吐是由于气机不畅，治疗宜调和其中并降气；中焦呕吐是由于积滞，治疗宜行气并消积；下焦呕吐是由于寒邪，治疗宜温中并散寒。朱丹溪说：反胃噎膈伴有大便燥结，适宜喝牛羊奶，时时咽下，同时服用四物汤为上策。不可服用人乳，人乳有五味之毒，是七情之火所致。张石顽说：噎膈不通，服用香燥药物只能图一时痛快，破气耗血，这是加速死亡。不如少服药，喝牛乳，加入韭菜汁，或姜汁，或陈年老酒为佳。江南按察使，患噤口痢，一粒米也吃不下，郑奠一让他喝牛乳，久而久之也痊愈了。）乳饼又名乳腐。效力稍弱。酥、酪、醍醐，都是牛羊乳制成的。滋润滑利，适合血热干燥的人。白水牛的喉咙，治疗反胃吐食，肠道结滞不通。（去掉两头，去除脂膜，用醋浸泡后烤干研末，每次服用二钱，用陈米汤送下。）牛髓，（炼制过后使用）。补益中焦。填补骨髓。长期服用增加寿命。牛筋，补肝，强健筋骨。益气力。接续断裂的损伤。老病及自然死亡的牛，服用会损害人体。
[Background Information]
Book: Bencao Congxin (Compendium of Materia Medica)
Author: Wu Yiluo
Dynasty: Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 AD)
Chapter: Dog / Sheep
Category: Materia Medica
[Original Text Translation]
(Dog Meat) Can tonify deficiency-cold.
Taste is sour and salty, nature is warm. It warms the Spleen and benefits the Stomach. When the Spleen and Stomach are warm, the lower back and Kidneys receive nourishment. It tonifies deficiency-cold and assists sexual function (the effect on the two Kidneys and penis is particularly strong). Gou Bao (a calculus formed in the dog's abdomen). It specifically treats Fan Wei (regurgitation/vomiting after eating). It is good at treating Ding Ju (carbuncles and sores). Su Mi (millet-like substance in dog feces) can induce smallpox and treat Ye Ge (dysphagia). Shi Zhong Gu (bones in dog feces) treats convulsions and epilepsy in children caused by cold and heat.
Those with robust constitution and excessive internal fire should avoid it. Those whose sexual function is easily aroused should avoid it. Pregnant women who consume it may give birth to a mute child. Consuming it after a febrile disease can be fatal. Daoists consider dogs as "Di Yan" (earthly abominations/impurities) and forbid eating them. Yellow dog meat benefits the Spleen; black dog meat benefits the Kidneys. Dogs of other colors are not suitable for use. Dog meat is incompatible with Sheng Lu (Phytolacca root). It fears Xing Ren (Apricot Seed). It detests Garlic.
(Sheep Meat) Can tonify deficiency-wasting.
Taste is sweet, nature is hot, belongs to Fire. It tonifies deficiency-wasting and boosts Qi and strength. (Zhang Zhongjing used Dang Gui Yang Rou Tang (Angelica Sinensis and Mutton Decoction) to treat Xu Lei Ru Lao (weakness and postpartum exhaustion); anyone with weak physique and Qi should consume it.) It strengthens the Yang pathway, opens the appetite, and enhances strength. It promotes Qi circulation but may trigger sores. Sheep eat toxic herbs; therefore, those with skin sores or chronic diseases should avoid sheep meat as it may cause flare-ups.
Green Sheep Liver is green in color. It tonifies the Liver and brightens the eyes. Dan (Gallbladder) is bitter and cold. Dripping it into eyes treats Feng Lei Yan (wind-tearing eyes). Chi Zhang Bai Yi (red obstruction and white nebula) can be treated. (In the twelfth lunar month, put gallbladder bile into honey, cover with paper, hang under the eaves until frost forms, sweep off the frost for eye drops, then steam again in honey, dry, grind into paste, take a little orally or drop in eyes. Named "Er Bai Wei Cao Hua Gao" (Two Hundred Herb and Flower Paste), because sheep eat hundred herbs and bees gather hundred flowers. Li Shizhen said: The Liver opens into the eyes; when bile decreases, vision dims. The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver and the essence of the Gallbladder; thus, all animal gallbladders treat eye diseases.) Fei (Lung) regulates Lung Qi. Stops cough. Promotes urination. Shen (Kidney) enriches Jing (Essence) and assists Yang. Yang Huang (calculus in sheep abdomen) eliminates Fan Wei. Jiao (Horn) brightens eyes and kills parasites. Xue (Blood) treats Chan Hou Xue Yun Men Jue (postpartum blood syncope and coma). Drinking one cup raw brings life. It resolves all poisons from gold, silver, pills, stones, arsenic, and sulfur. Drinking raw immediately detoxifies. Ru (Milk) tonifies Lung and Kidney. Moistens the dryness of the Stomach and Large Intestine. Treats Fan Wei and Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome). Kou Chuang She Zhong (mouth ulcers and swollen tongue) can be treated by holding and rinsing. Zhi Zhu Yao Shang (spider bites) can be cured by drinking milk (especially if the spider has hairy body). Jing Gu (Shin bone) enters the Kidney meridian and tonifies bones. Burned to ash and rubbed on teeth is effective. (Li Shizhen said: Sheep head bone can dissolve iron. For those who accidentally swallowed copper or iron, take three qian of shin bone ash with rice water.) Rou Gan (Meat and Liver): Green sheep is best. (Male sheep is called Zhang or Di). Dan (Gallbladder): Green Jie Yang (castrated male sheep) is best. (Castration is called Jie). Ru (Milk): White sheep is best. (Young sheep is called Gao; five-month-old gao is called Te). Sheep meat is incompatible with Ban Xia (Pinellia tuber) and Chang Pu (Acorus rhizome). Avoid copper vessels and vinegar. (For trauma with bruising, apply fresh mutton; for eye trauma bruising, cook mutton and apply hot compress.)
(Beef) Can tonify Spleen Earth.
Taste is sweet, nature is warm, belongs to Earth. Calms the middle, tonifies the Spleen. Boosts Qi and stops thirst. (Dao Cang Fa (Stomach Reversal Method): Use twenty jin of yellow bull beef, wash clean, boil into porridge, filter dregs, simmer until amber-colored. Fast the night before. Next day, sit in a sealed room on an empty stomach, drink the juice. Drink one zhong at a time, repeat after a while, accumulate dozens of zhong. In cold months, drink warm. If disease is upper, vomit; if lower, diarrhea; if middle, both. After diarrhea, thirst ensues, drink own urine to cleanse residual filth. When hungry/tired, give rice water first, light porridge after two days, then thick porridge and soft rice. Nourish for one month, deep stagnation is cleared. Must abstain from sex for half a year and beef for five years. Beef processed becomes liquid medicine, formless substance. Accumulated long enough, it penetrates intestinal curves; how could pill/powder reach there? Liquid fills and flows everywhere, like floodwaters, carrying away all stagnation. This method was passed down from Western Regions strangers. After middle age, performing it once or twice aids in dispelling disease and prolonging life. Wang Lun said: Beef tonifies the middle; it is not emetic or purgative, but uses tonification to achieve purgation, and purgation to achieve tonification. A miraculous formula.) Niu Ru (Cow Milk) taste is sweet, nature slightly cold. Moistens intestines and stomach. Resolves heat toxins. Tonifies deficiency-wasting. Treats Fan Wei and Ye Ge (regurgitation and dysphagia). (Wei Gao Wei Leng (dry/cold stomach) and Pi Bu Mo Shi (Spleen fails to digest) cause Qi rebellion. Deficiency of Qi and Blood is the root; Tan Yin (phlegm-fluid), Yu Xue (blood stasis), Shi Ji (food retention) are the branches. For Wei Gao, nourish blood and generate fluids; for Wei Leng, warm middle and regulate Qi. Li Dongyuan said: Upper Jiao vomiting is due to Qi; treat by harmonizing middle and descending Qi. Middle Jiao vomiting is due to accumulation; treat by moving Qi and resolving accumulation. Lower Jiao vomiting is due to Cold; treat by warming middle and dispersing Cold. Zhu Danxi said: For Fan Wei/Ye Ge with dry stool, cow/sheep milk is suitable, swallow frequently, combined with Si Wu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) is best strategy. Do not use human milk, as it contains toxicity of five flavors and fire of seven emotions. Zhang Shiwen said: For unblocked Ye Ge, fragrant-dry drugs only bring temporary relief, damaging Qi and consuming Blood, hastening death. Better to take less medicine, drink cow milk with leek juice, ginger juice, or aged wine. Jiangnan Attestator suffered Jin Kou Li (anorexic dysentery), unable to eat rice. Zheng Dianyi prescribed cow milk, which cured him eventually.) Ru Bing (Milk Curd), also known as Ru Fu. Efficacy is slightly inferior. Su, Nu, Ti Hu (butter, curd, clarified butter) are made from cow/sheep milk. Moisturizing and lubricating, suitable for people with Blood Heat and dryness. Bai Shui Niu Hou (White Water Buffalo Throat) treats Fan Wei vomiting food and Chang Jie Bu Tong (intestinal obstruction). (Remove ends, remove fat membrane, soak in vinegar, roast, powder. Take two qian with aged rice water). Sui (Marrow), (use after refining). Tonifies middle. Fills marrow. Long-term use increases longevity. Jin (Sinew/Tendon) tonifies Liver, strengthens sinews. Boosts Qi and strength. Heals severe injuries. Old, sick, or naturally dead cattle: consuming harms humans.