泻、行气破血、消积。
辛苦而温。主一切气。又能通肝经。聚血行气。消瘀通经。化食止痛。治心腹诸痛。冷
气吐
酸。奔豚 癖。（酒醋磨服、 、音贤、小腹积、 癖多见于男子、症瘕多见于妇人、莪术
香烈、行气通窍、同三棱用、治积聚诸病、按五积、心积曰伏梁、起脐上至心下、肝积曰肥
气、在左胁、肺积曰息贲、在右胁、脾积曰痞气、在胃脘右侧、肾积曰奔豚、在小腹、上冲
至心下、治之不宜专用攻伐、恐损真气、宜于破血行气药中、加补脾胃药、气旺方能磨积也
、经曰∶大积大聚、其可犯也、衰其半而止、过者死、东垣五积方、用三棱莪术、皆兼人参
赞助成功。）中恶鬼疰。（脏腑壅滞、阴阳乖隔、鬼疠凭之、利气达窍、邪无所容矣。）虚人
服之。积未去而真已竭。兼以参术。或庶几耳。根如生姜。莪生根下。似卵不齐。坚硬难捣
。灰火煨透。乘热捣之。（入气分。）或醋磨酒磨。或煮熟用。（入血分。）
泻、破血、行气、消积。
苦平。入肝经血分。破血中之气。（亦能通肝经聚血。）散一切血瘀气结。疮硬食停。老
块坚
积。消肿止痛。通乳堕胎。功近香附而力峻。按化积必借气运。专用伐克。气愈不运。积安
得去。须辅以健脾补气为要。色黄体重。若鲫鱼而小者良。醋浸炒。或面裹煨。（三棱两半
、丁香三分为末、沸汤服一钱、治反胃、药食不下。）
（蓬莪术）具有泻下、行气破血、消除积滞的功效。
其味辛苦，性温。主治各种气机阻滞。又能疏通肝经，使聚集之血运行，气机通畅。消除瘀血，通调经脉。化解食积，缓解疼痛。治疗心腹部各种疼痛，寒气上逆导致的吐酸水，奔豚病及腹内癖块。（用酒或醋磨服。音贤。小腹内的积块称为“癖”，多见于男子；腹内的症瘕包块多见于女子。莪术气味香烈，善于行气通窍，常与三棱同用，治疗积聚类疾病。据《难经》记载：心之积名为伏梁，起于脐上至心下；肝之积名为肥气，位于左胁；肺之积名为息贲，位于右胁；脾之积名为痞气，位于胃脘右侧；肾之积名为奔豚，位于小腹，气向上冲至心下。治疗这些病症不宜专门使用攻伐药物，恐怕损伤真气，应当在破血行气的药物中加入补益脾胃的药物，只有脾气旺盛才能消磨积滞。经典医籍说：对于大的积聚，可以使用攻伐之法，但病情减半时就应停止，过度攻伐会导致死亡。李东垣的五积方中，使用三棱和莪术，都兼用人参来赞助成功。）还可治疗中恶鬼疰（脏腑气机壅滞，阴阳失调，邪气乘虚而入，莪术能利气达窍，使邪气无处容身）。体虚之人服用此药，若积滞未去而正气已竭，必须兼用人参、白术等补气药，或许还有一线希望。其根状如生姜，生长在莪术的根部下方，形状像卵一样大小不齐，质地坚硬难以捣碎。可用灰火煨透，趁热捣碎。（用于入气分病变。）或用醋磨、酒磨，或者煮熟后使用。（用于入血分病变。）
（荆三棱）具有泻下、破血、行气、消积的功效。
其味苦，性平。入肝经血分。破除血中的气滞。（也能疏通肝经，使聚集之血运行。）消散各种血瘀气结。治疗疮疡硬结、食物停积、陈旧坚硬的积块。消肿止痛。通乳汁，堕胎。功效接近香附但药力更峻猛。据分析：消除积滞必须借助气机的运化，如果专用攻伐克削的药物，气机会更加不运，积滞怎能去除？必须以辅以健脾补气为关键。颜色黄且体重，形似鲫鱼但较小者品质优良。用醋浸炒，或者用面粉包裹后煨制。（取三棱二两半，丁香三分研为细末，用沸水送服一钱，治疗反胃，药物食物无法下咽。）
(Peng Ezhu) has the effects of purging, promoting Qi circulation and breaking blood stasis, and eliminating accumulations.
It is pungent and bitter in taste, and warm in nature. It primarily treats all types of Qi stagnation. It can also unblock the Liver meridian, promote the movement of aggregated blood, and facilitate Qi circulation. It resolves blood stasis, unblocks the meridians, transforms food retention, and relieves pain. It treats various pains in the heart and abdomen, acid regurgitation caused by cold Qi counterflow, Ben Tun (a condition characterized by a sensation of gas rushing up from the lower abdomen to the chest), and Pi masses (abdominal lumps). (Grind with wine or vinegar for administration. Pronounced "Xian". Accumulations in the lower abdomen are called "Pi", more common in men; masses in the abdomen are called "Zhijia", more common in women. Peng Ezhu has a fragrant and pungent aroma, excels at promoting Qi circulation and opening orifices, and is often used together with San Leng to treat various accumulation diseases. According to the *Nan Jing*: The accumulation of the Heart is called Fu Liang, starting above the navel and extending to below the heart; the accumulation of the Liver is called Fei Qi, located in the left hypochondrium; the accumulation of the Lung is called Xi Fen, located in the right hypochondrium; the accumulation of the Spleen is called Pi Qi, located on the right side of the epigastrium; the accumulation of the Kidney is called Ben Tun, located in the lower abdomen, with Qi rushing upward to below the heart. When treating these conditions, one should not rely solely on attacking methods, as this may damage the True Qi. It is advisable to add herbs that tonify the Spleen and Stomach to those that break blood stasis and promote Qi circulation; only when Qi is vigorous can it grind away the accumulation. The classics state: For large accumulations, attacking methods may be used, but stop when the condition has improved by half; over-attacking leads to death. In Li Dongyuan's formulas for Five Accumulations, San Leng and Peng Ezhu are used, both supplemented with Ren Shen to assist in achieving success.) It can also treat Zhong E Gui Zhu (stagnation of Zang-Fu organs, disharmony of Yin and Yang, allowing evil pathogens to take hold; Peng Ezhu benefits Qi and reaches the orifices, leaving no room for pathogens). If taken by individuals with deficiency, if the accumulation is not removed while the True Qi is exhausted, one must combine it with Ren Shen and Bai Zhu, perhaps offering a slim hope. The root resembles ginger, growing beneath the Peng root, varying in size like eggs, hard and difficult to crush. It can be roasted thoroughly in ash fire and crushed while hot. (Used for disorders entering the Qi level.) Or ground with vinegar or wine, or boiled before use. (Used for disorders entering the Blood level.)
(Jing San Leng) has the effects of purging, breaking blood stasis, promoting Qi circulation, and eliminating accumulations.
It is bitter in taste and neutral in nature. It enters the Blood level of the Liver meridian. It breaks Qi stagnation within the blood. (It can also unblock the Liver meridian and promote the movement of aggregated blood.) It disperses all types of blood stasis and Qi knotting. It treats hard sores, food retention, old and firm accumulations. It reduces swelling, relieves pain, promotes lactation, and induces abortion. Its efficacy is similar to Xiang Fu but its action is more severe. Analysis indicates: Eliminating accumulations must rely on the movement of Qi. Using only attacking and reducing methods will further impair Qi movement, making it impossible for accumulations to resolve. Therefore, supplementing with herbs that strengthen the Spleen and tonify Qi is essential. Those that are yellow in color, heavy in weight, and resemble small carp are of good quality. Stir-fry after soaking in vinegar, or roast wrapped in flour. (Take two and a half liang of San Leng and three fen of Ding Xiang, grind into powder, and take one qian with boiling water to treat Fan Wei [reverse vomiting], where medicines and food cannot go down.)