无毒附花山姜花 植生
豆蔻主温中心腹痛呕吐去口臭气（名医所录）【名】草豆蔻【苗】〔图经曰〕豆蔻即草豆
蔻也
叶
尤贵其嫩者并穗入盐同淹治叠叠作朵不散落又以木槿花同浸欲其色红耳闽中一种亦名草豆蔻
子白似缩砂子壳如山栀但味淡不香东垣治胃口痛者此也又有一种山姜花味辛性温茎叶皆姜但
根不堪食亦与豆蔻花相似而微小耳花生叶间作穗如麦粒嫩红色南人取其未大开者谓之含胎花
以盐水淹藏入甜糟中经冬如琥珀色香辛可爱用其 醋最相宜也二种苗叶小异而治疗亦各有功
故并载之【地】〔图经曰〕生南海今岭南皆有之【时】〔生〕春生苗〔采〕十月取【收】曝干
【用】实【色】苍褐【味】辛【性】温散【气】气之浓者阳也【臭】香【主】温中理气【行
】足太阴经阳明经【制】〔雷公云〕凡使须去蒂并向里子后取皮用茱萸同于 上缓炒待茱萸
微黄黑去茱萸取草豆蔻皮及子杵用之【治】〔疗〕〔唐本注云〕下气止霍乱〔药性论云〕一切
冷气〔日华子云〕豆蔻花下气止呕逆除霍乱调中补胃气消酒毒○山姜花调中下气消食〔陈藏
器云〕山姜去恶气温中中恶霍乱心腹冷痛○草豆蔻煨熟治风寒客邪在胃口之上及脾胃客寒心
与胃痛
无毒 泥生
藕实茎主补中养神益气力除百疾久服轻身耐老不饥延年（神农本经）【名】水芝丹莲〔蕊〕
金
谓之荷鼻其本曰 即茎下白 在泥中者也 曰芙蓉秀而未发曰菡萏已发畅茂曰华其实曰莲
莲谓房也其中 乃莲内青皮白实尔中有青为薏即所谓苦如薏也其根曰藕花有红白二种白者藕
大实小红者藕小实大千叶者皆不实然则生于水而水不能没虽居于淤泥而泥不能淤其体中空食
之故能令人心悦也【地】〔图经曰〕生汝南池泽江南今处处有之【时】〔生〕三月四月生苗六
月开花〔采〕八月九月取实【收】晒干【用】藕实茎叶蒂房薏即花【色】黄白【味】甘苦〔
荷鼻藕〕甘【性】平寒缓〔藕〕温〔花〕暖【气】气之薄者阳中之阴【臭】香【主】清心止
痢【制】剥去黑壳敲碎去心用【治】〔疗〕〔图经曰〕止痢定腰痛及哕逆○藕主霍乱后虚渴
烦闷不敢食○叶止渴○荷鼻安胎去恶血留好血〔日华子云〕止渴助心止痢多食令人喜○藕止
霍乱开胃消食除烦止闷口干渴疾止怒破产后血闷捣 金疮并伤折止暴痛蒸食开胃○薏止霍乱
○叶落胞并产后口干心肺燥烦闷〔药性论云〕藕消淤血不散○节止口鼻吐衄血〔补〕〔图经
曰〕轻身益气令人强健○花镇心益颜色〔药性论云〕主五脏不足伤中气利益十二经脉血气〔
陈藏器云〕令发变黑不白〔日华子云〕止泄精安心○花轻身驻颜【合治】合蜡蜜为丸服令人
不饥○叶及房合酒煮服治产后胎衣不下○即合生地黄汁热酒童便能解热毒消淤血产后血闷【
禁】苦薏不可多食令人霍乱及吐食生食微动气○实生食胀人腹【忌】花忌地黄生蒜【解】叶
杀蕈毒及食蟹中毒○荷鼻解食野菌毒水煮服之○藕解酒毒
【无毒】附：山姜花。生长习性为植物性。
豆蔻主要功效为温暖中焦，治疗心腹疼痛、呕吐，去除口臭气（此条目由名医记录）。
【名称】草豆蔻。
【苗】《图经》记载：豆蔻就是草豆蔻。叶子尤其以嫩叶为贵，连同花穗一起用盐腌制，使其层层叠叠成朵状而不散落；又与木槿花一同浸泡，是为了让颜色变红。福建地区有一种也名叫草豆蔻。
种子白色，类似缩砂仁的种子，外壳像山栀子，但味道淡且不香。李东垣用于治疗胃口痛的，就是这个。又有一种山姜花，味道辛，性质温，茎和叶都像姜，但根部不堪食用。它也与豆蔻花相似，只是更小一些。花朵生长在叶间，结成穗状如麦粒，嫩红色。南方人取其未完全开放的，称为“含胎花”，用盐水腌制收藏，放入甜糟中，经过冬天后颜色如琥珀，香气辛辣可爱。用它来泡醋最为适宜。这两种种苗叶片略有差异，但治疗功效也各有千秋，所以一并记载。
【产地】《图经》记载：产于南海，如今岭南各地都有。
【时节】【生长】春季生苗。【采收】十月采集。【贮藏】晒干。
【药用部位】果实。
【色泽】苍褐色。
【味道】辛。
【性质】温散。
【气味】气味浓厚者属阳。
【臭气】香。
【主治】温暖中焦，调理气机。
【归经】足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经。
【炮制】雷公说：凡使用须去掉蒂头及向内包裹的子，取皮使用。将吴茱萸同炒于容器中，缓慢翻炒待吴茱萸微黄黑时，去掉吴茱萸，取草豆蔻皮及子捣碎使用。
【治疗】〔《唐本草注》云〕下气，止霍乱。〔《药性论》云〕治一切冷气。〔《日华子》云〕豆蔻花下气，止呕逆，除霍乱，调中补胃气，消酒毒。○山姜花调中下气，消食。〔《陈藏器》云〕山姜去恶气，温中，治中恶霍乱、心腹冷痛。○草豆蔻煨熟后，治疗风寒客邪在胃口之上以及脾胃受寒引起的心痛和胃痛。
【无毒】泥生：藕、实、茎。主要功效为补益中焦，养神，益气力，除百疾。久服可轻身耐老，不饥延年（出自《神农本经》）。
【名称】水芝、丹莲。
【蕊】金色，称为荷鼻。其根本曰莲，即茎下白色的部分，在泥中的叫藕。秀而未发的叫菡萏，已发且畅茂的叫华。其果实叫莲。莲谓房也，其中的青皮白实乃莲内之物。中有青色的为薏，即所谓“苦如薏”。其根叫藕。花有红白两种，白者藕大实小，红者藕小实大，千叶者皆不实。然而生于水中而水不能淹没，虽居于淤泥而泥不能污染，其体中空，食用后故能令人心悦。
【产地】《图经》记载：产于汝南池泽，江南如今处处都有。
【时节】【生长】三月四月生苗，六月开花。【采收】八月九月取实。【贮藏】晒干。
【药用部位】藕、实、茎、叶、蒂、房、薏，即花。
【色泽】黄白。
【味道】甘、苦。（荷鼻、藕）甘。
【性质】平、寒、缓。（藕）温。（花）暖。
【气味】气味淡薄者，为阳中之阴。
【臭气】香。
【主治】清心，止痢。
【炮制】剥去黑壳，敲碎，去心使用。
【治疗】〔《图经》记载〕止痢，定腰痛及哕逆。○藕主治霍乱后虚渴、烦闷、不敢食。○叶止渴。○荷鼻安胎，去恶血，留好血。〔《日华子》云〕止渴，助心，止痢，多食令人喜。○藕止霍乱，开胃，消食，除烦，止闷，口干渴疾，止怒，破产后血闷，捣敷金疮并伤折，止暴痛，蒸食开胃。○薏止霍乱。○叶落胞及产后口干、心肺燥烦闷。〔《药性论》云〕藕消淤血不散。○节止口鼻吐衄血。
【补益】《图经》记载：轻身益气，令人强健。○花镇心，益颜色。〔《药性论》云〕主五脏不足，伤中气，利益十二经脉血气。〔《陈藏器》云〕令发变黑不白。〔《日华子》云〕止泄精，安心。○花轻身驻颜。
【合治】合蜡蜜为丸服用，令人不饥。○叶及房合酒煮服，治产后胎衣不下。○即合生地黄汁，热酒童便，能解热毒，消淤血，治产后血闷。
【禁忌】苦薏不可多食，令人霍乱及吐食，生食微动气。○实生食胀人腹。
【忌】花忌地黄、生蒜。
【解毒】叶杀蕈毒及食蟹中毒。○荷鼻解食野菌毒，水煮服之。○藕解酒毒。
[Non-toxic] Appendix: Alpinia flower. Growth habit: Plant origin.
Cardamom (Caodoukou) primarily warms the middle jiao, treats epigastric and abdominal pain, vomiting, and removes bad breath from the mouth (recorded by famous physicians).
[Name] Kaempferia galanga fruit (Caodoukou).
[Seedling] *Tu Jing* states: Cardamom is Kaempferia galanga fruit. The leaves are especially prized when tender; pickled with salt along with the flower spikes to form dense clusters that do not scatter. Soaked together with Hibiscus mutabilis flower to impart a red color. A variety in Fujian is also called Kaempferia galanga fruit.
The seeds are white, resembling Amomum kravanh seeds, but the shell resembles Gardenia jasminoides fruit, though the taste is bland and not fragrant. Li Dongyuan used this for treating stomach pain. Another variety is Alpinia flower, which is pungent in taste and warm in nature; its stems and leaves resemble ginger, but the root is inedible. It resembles cardamom flowers but is smaller. Flowers grow among leaves, forming spikes like wheat grains, tender red in color. Southerners harvest them before full bloom, calling them "Budding Flowers" (Hantaihua), preserved in salt water and sweet fermented rice wine; after winter, they turn amber-colored with a pleasant spicy fragrance. Best used for pickling in vinegar. Although these two varieties have slightly different seedlings and leaves, their therapeutic effects differ, so both are recorded.
[Origin] *Tu Jing* states: Grows in Nanhai; now found throughout Lingnan.
[Season] [Growth] Sprouts in spring. [Harvest] Collected in October. [Storage] Sun-dried.
[Medicinal Part] Fruit.
[Color] Dark brown.
[Taste] Pungent.
[Nature] Warm and dispersing.
[Qi/Aroma] Strong aroma belongs to Yang.
[Odor] Fragrant.
[Indications] Warms the middle jiao, regulates Qi.
[Meridian Tropism] Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.
[Processing] Leigong said: When using, remove the stem and the inner seeds, use only the peel. Stir-fry slowly with Evodia rutaecarpa until the Evodia turns slightly yellow-black, then discard the Evodia and pound the Kaempferia galanga peel and seeds.
[Treatment] [*Tang Ben Cao Zhu*]: Descends Qi, stops cholera-like diarrhea. [*Yao Xing Lun*]: Treats all types of cold qi. [*Ri Hua Zi*]: Alpinia flower descends Qi, stops nausea and vomiting, eliminates cholera-like diarrhea, harmonizes the middle, tonifies Stomach Qi, and resolves alcohol toxicity. ○ Alpinia flower harmonizes the middle, descends Qi, aids digestion. [*Chen Cangqi*]: Alpinia dispels evil Qi, warms the middle, treats sudden collapse/cholera-like diarrhea, and cold pain in the heart and abdomen. ○ Kaempferia galanga fruit, when roasted, treats wind-cold pathogenic factors affecting the upper stomach and cold invading the Spleen and Stomach causing heart and stomach pain.
[Non-toxic] Mud-grown: Lotus root, seeds, stems. Primary indications: Tonifies the middle, nourishes the spirit, boosts Qi and strength, eliminates hundred diseases. Long-term use lightens the body, delays aging, prevents hunger, and extends longevity (*Shen Nong Ben Jing*).
[Name] Water Lotus Seed (Shuizhi Danlian).
[Pistil] Golden, called Lotus Nose (Henabi). The base is called Lotus (Lian), specifically the white part below the stem, known as Lotus Root (Ou) when in the mud. The unopened bud is called Handan (Handan), fully bloomed is Hua. The fruit is Lian. The receptacle is Fang. Inside the receptacle, the green skin and white flesh constitute the Lotus Plumule (Yi), specifically the bitter green embryo known as "bitter as Yi". The root is Ou. Flowers come in red and white varieties; white-flowered ones have large roots and small fruits, red-flowered ones have small roots and large fruits; double-petaled varieties bear no fruit. Though growing in water, it is not submerged; though living in mud, it remains unstained. Its hollow structure allows it to bring joy to the heart when eaten.
[Origin] *Tu Jing* states: Grows in Runan ponds; now ubiquitous in Jiangnan.
[Season] [Growth] Sprouts in March-April, blooms in June. [Harvest] Fruits collected in August-September. [Storage] Sun-dried.
[Medicinal Parts] Root, fruit, stem, leaf, calyx, receptacle, plumule, i.e., flower.
[Color] Yellow-white.
[Taste] Sweet, Bitter. (Lotus nose, root) Sweet.
[Nature] Neutral, Cold, Mild. (Root) Warm. (Flower) Warm.
[Qi/Aroma] Weak aroma, Yin within Yang.
[Odor] Fragrant.
[Indications] Clears Heart, stops dysentery.
[Processing] Peel off black shell, crush, remove the green plumule.
[Treatment] [*Tu Jing*]: Stops dysentery, relieves lower back pain, and hiccups. ○ Lotus root treats post-cholera deficiency thirst, irritability, and anorexia. ○ Leaves stop thirst. ○ Lotus nose calms the fetus, expels bad blood, retains good blood. [*Ri Hua Zi*]: Stops thirst, benefits Heart, stops dysentery, promotes happiness when consumed in excess. ○ Lotus root stops cholera, opens appetite, aids digestion, removes irritability and oppression, treats dry mouth/thirst, soothes anger, resolves postpartum blood stagnation, applied externally for wounds/fractures to stop acute pain, steamed to open appetite. ○ Plumule stops cholera. ○ Fallen leaves/receptacle treat postpartum dry mouth and dryness/irritability of Heart/Lungs. [*Yao Xing Lun*]: Lotus root dissipates blood stasis. ○ Nodes stop hematemesis and epistaxis.
[Tonification] *Tu Jing*: Lightens body, boosts Qi, strengthens the person. ○ Flower calms Heart, beautifies complexion. [*Yao Xing Lun*]: Treats insufficiency of five Zang organs, damages Middle Qi, benefits Blood and Qi of twelve meridians. [*Chen Cangqi*]: Turns hair black, preventing whitening. [*Ri Hua Zi*]: Stops seminal emission, calms Heart. ○ Flower lightens body, preserves youth.
[Combined Therapy] Pill with beeswax and honey to prevent hunger. ○ Boil leaves and receptacle in wine to treat retained placenta postpartum. ○ Combine with Rehmannia juice, hot wine, and children's urine to resolve heat toxins, dissipate blood stasis, and treat postpartum blood stagnation.
[Contraindications] Bitter lotus plumule (Ku Yi) should not be taken in excess; causes cholera-like diarrhea and vomiting; raw consumption mildly moves Qi. ○ Raw fruits cause abdominal distension.
[Avoid] Flowers avoid Rehmannia and raw garlic.
[Detoxification] Leaves kill mushroom poison and crab poisoning. ○ Lotus nose resolves wild mushroom poisoning; decoct in water. ○ Lotus root resolves alcohol toxicity.