泻，行气，破血，消积
苦平。色白属金（皮黑肉白），入肺金血分，破血中之气（亦通肝经聚血），兼入脾经。
散一切血瘀、气结，疮硬食停，老块坚积（乃坚者削之。从血药则治血，从气药则治气。须
辅以健脾补气药良。昔有人患症瘕死，遗言开腹取之，得病块如石。文理五色，削成刀柄。
因砍三棱，柄消成水，乃知此药可疗症瘕），消肿止痛，通乳堕胎。功近香附而力峻，虚者
慎用。
色黄体重，若鲫鱼而小者良。醋浸、炒，或面裹、煨。
泻火，补中，止血，止哕
甘寒。入手少阴（心），足太阴、阳明（脾胃）。补中益气，除伏热，消瘀血，利小便，
解酒毒。
治吐、衄诸血（心肝火旺，逼血上行，则吐血；肺火盛，则衄血。茅根甘和血，寒凉血
，引火下降，故治之。扑损瘀血，捣汁服。名茅花汤。亦治鼻衄产淋），血闭寒热（血瘀则
闭，闭则寒热作矣），淋沥崩中（血热则崩），伤寒哕逆（即呃逆。《说文》曰∶哕，气牾也。
东垣作干呕之甚者，未是），肺热喘急，内热烦渴，黄胆水肿（清火行水。时珍曰∶良药也，
世人以微而忽之，惟事苦寒之剂，伤冲和之气，乌足知此哉）。
茅针，溃痈疖（酒煮服。一针溃一孔，二针溃二孔），口疮之神药。角蒿。
【荆三棱】
具有泻下、行气、破血、消积的功效。
味苦，性平。颜色白属金（外皮黑而内肉白），入肺经血分，能破除血中的气滞（也能疏通肝经的瘀血），同时兼入脾经。
能消散各种血瘀、气结，治疗疮疡硬结、食物停滞、陈旧坚硬的积聚（这是针对坚硬病邪采用削伐之法。若配合活血药使用则主治血证，配合理气药使用则主治气证。必须辅以健脾补气的药物效果才良好。过去有人因患症瘕而死，临终遗言要求开腹取出病灶，结果取出的病块像石头一样坚硬，纹理呈五色，被削成了刀柄。因为砍削三棱时，刀柄遇三棱汁液溶解变成水，由此知道此药可以治疗症瘕），能消肿止痛，通乳汁，堕胎。功效接近香附但药力更峻猛，体虚者慎用。
以颜色黄、质地重，形状像鲫鱼但体型较小的为佳。可用醋浸泡、炒制，或用面粉包裹后煨熟。
【白茅根】
具有泻火、补中、止血、止呃逆的功效。
味甘，性寒。入手少阴心经，足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经。能补中益气，清除伏热，消除瘀血，利尿，解酒毒。
治疗吐血、鼻衄等各种出血（心肝火旺，逼迫血液上行，导致吐血；肺火盛，导致鼻衄。茅根味甘能和血，性寒能凉血，引火下行，所以能治疗这些病症。对于跌打损伤引起的瘀血，捣烂取汁服用。名为茅花汤。也治疗鼻衄和产后淋证），血闭伴寒热（血瘀导致闭塞，闭塞则引发寒热症状），淋漓不尽及崩漏（血热导致崩漏），伤寒引起的呃逆（即打嗝。《说文解字》说：哕，是气机逆乱。李东垣认为是严重的干呕，这种说法不准确），肺热引起的喘急，体内发热烦躁口渴，黄疸水肿（清火利水。李时珍说：这是良药，世人因为它药性轻微而忽视它，只使用苦寒的药物，损伤了冲和之气，哪里懂得其中的道理呢）。
茅针（茅草的花蕾），能溃破痈疖（用酒煮后服用。一针能溃破一个脓孔，两针能溃破两个脓孔），是治疗口疮的神药。角蒿。
[Jing San Leng (Sparganii Rhizoma)]
It has the effects of purging, promoting Qi circulation, breaking blood stasis, and resolving accumulations.
Bitter in taste and neutral in nature. Its white color corresponds to Metal (black skin with white flesh). It enters the Lung Metal blood level, breaks Qi stagnation within blood (also unblocks stagnant blood in the Liver channel), and concurrently enters the Spleen channel.
It disperses all types of blood stasis and Qi knotting, treats hard sores, food retention, and old, firm accumulations (this is the method of reducing hardness by削之 [scraping/reducing]. When combined with blood-invigorating herbs, it treats blood disorders; when combined with Qi-regulating herbs, it treats Qi disorders. It must be assisted by spleen-fortifying and Qi-tonifying herbs for good results. In the past, a person died from zheng jia [abdominal masses], leaving instructions to open the abdomen to remove the lesion. The extracted mass was as hard as stone, with five-colored textures, and was carved into a knife handle. Because chopping Jing San Leng caused the handle to dissolve into water, it was known that this herb can treat zheng jia). It reduces swelling, stops pain, promotes lactation, and induces abortion. Its efficacy is similar to Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma) but its force is more severe; those with deficiency should use it with caution.
Those with yellow color and heavy weight, resembling a crucian carp but smaller, are considered superior. They can be soaked in vinegar, stir-fried, or wrapped in flour and baked.
[Bai Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma)]
It has the effects of purging fire, tonifying the middle, stopping bleeding, and stopping hiccups.
Sweet in taste and cold in nature. It enters the Hand Shaoyin Heart channel, Foot Taiyin Spleen channel, and Foot Yangming Stomach channel. It tonifies the middle and benefits Qi, eliminates latent heat, resolves blood stasis, promotes urination, and detoxifies alcohol.
It treats hematemesis, epistaxis, and various other bleedings (when Heart and Liver fire are hyperactive, forcing blood upward, hematemesis occurs; when Lung fire is excessive, epistaxis occurs. Mao Gen is sweet and harmonizes blood, cold and cools blood, guiding fire downward, thus treating these conditions. For traumatic blood stasis, crush and take the juice. Named Mao Hua Tang. It also treats epistaxis and postpartum strangury). It treats blood obstruction with chills and fever (blood stasis causes obstruction, and obstruction leads to chills and fever), dribbling strangury and metrorrhagia (blood heat causes metrorrhagia), and hiccups caused by Shanghan (i.e., hiccup. Shuowen says: Hui refers to rebellious Qi. Li Dongyuan considered it severe dry heaving, which is inaccurate). It treats lung-heat-induced wheezing and urgency, internal heat with irritability and thirst, jaundice, and edema (clears fire and moves water. Li Shizhen said: This is a good medicine. People ignore it because it is mild, only using bitter-cold agents, damaging the harmonious Qi. How could they know this?).
Mao Zhen (flower buds of Imperata cylindrica) can suppurate carbuncles and furuncles (boiled in wine and taken orally. One bud suppurates one pore, two buds suppurate two pores). It is a miraculous herb for treating mouth ulcers. Jiao Hao (Artemisia capillaris? Note: Text says Jiao Hao, likely referring to a specific local usage or variant, but literally "Horn Wormwood").