一名 子， 音叫
滑，利窍，助阳
辛苦滑温。调中助阳，散血生肌，泄下焦大肠气滞。治泄痢下重（王好古曰∶下重者，
气滞也，四逆散加此以泄滞。按∶下重亦有气虚、血虚、火热、风燥之不同），胸痹刺痛（仲
景用栝蒌薤白白酒汤），肺气喘急。安胎利产，涂汤、火伤（和蜜捣用。《肘后方》∶中恶卒
死者，用薤汁灌鼻中，韭汁亦可）。叶似韭而中空，根如蒜。取白用。忌牛肉（其叶光滑，
露亦难贮，故云薤露）。
宣，发痘疹，辟恶气
辛温香窜。内通心脾，外达四肢。辟一切不正之气，痧疹、痘疮不出。煎酒喷之（心脾
之气，得芳香而营运，含喷遍身，勿 头面。痘疹家悬挂，辟邪恶，胡荽久食，令人多忘，
病患不宜食胡荽、黄花菜）。
宣，散寒发表，止呕开痰
辛温。行阳分而祛寒发表，宣肺气而解郁调中，畅胃口而开痰下食。治伤寒头痛，伤风
鼻塞（辛能入肺，通气散寒），咳逆呕哕（有声有物为呕，有声无物为哕，有物无声为吐。
其证或因寒、因热、因食、因痰，气逆上冲而然。生姜能散逆气，呕家圣药。东垣曰∶辛热
生姜之类治呕吐，但治上焦气壅表实之病，若胃虚谷气不行、胸闭塞而呕者，惟宜益胃、推
扬谷气而已，勿作表实用辛药泻之。丹溪曰∶阴分咳嗽者，多属阴虚，宜用贝母，勿用生姜，
以其辛散也。昂按∶人特知陈皮、生姜能止呕，不知亦有发呕之时。以其性上升，如胃热者
非所宜也。藿香亦然），胸壅痰膈，寒痛湿泻。消水气，行血痹（产后血上冲心及污秽不尽，
煎服亦良），通神明，去秽恶，救暴卒（凡中风、中气、中暑、中恶、暴卒等症，姜汁和童
便饮效。姜汁开痰，童便降火也），疗狐臭（姜汁频涂），搽冻耳（熬膏涂）。杀半夏、南星、
菌蕈、野禽毒（野禽多食半夏，故有毒，生姜能解之），辟雾露山岚瘴气（早行含之）。捣汁，
和黄明胶熬，贴风湿痹痛。久食兼酒，则患目发痔（积热使然），疮痈人忌食。
姜皮辛凉，和脾行水。治浮肿胀满（以皮行皮，五皮散用之。成无己曰∶姜、枣辛甘，
能行脾胃之津液而和营卫，不专于发散也。东垣曰∶夜不食姜者，夜主阁而姜主辟也；秋不
食姜者，秋主收而姜主散也。妊妇多食，令儿歧指，象形也）。
秦椒为使。恶黄连、黄芩、夜明砂（槽姜纳入蝉蜕，虽老无筋）。
【薤白】
别名：子（音同“叫”）。
性味功效：质地滑利，能通利窍道，辅助阳气。
气味：辛、苦，性滑、温。
作用：调理中焦，辅助阳气，散瘀血，生新肌，疏导下焦及大肠的气机阻滞。
主治：治疗泄泻痢疾伴肛门重坠感（王好古说：肛门重坠是由于气机阻滞，四逆散中加入此药以疏导阻滞。按语：肛门重坠也有因气虚、血虚、火热、风燥等不同原因），胸痹刺痛（张仲景使用栝蒌薤白白酒汤），肺气喘促急促。
其他用途：安胎，利于分娩，外涂治疗烫伤、火伤（与蜂蜜捣烂使用。《肘后方》记载：突发恶邪致死的人，用薤汁灌入鼻中，韭菜汁也可以）。
形态特征：叶子像韭菜但中间是空的，根部像大蒜。
用法注意：取白色部分使用。忌与牛肉同食（其叶片光滑，露水难以停留，所以说“薤露”）。
【胡荽】
性味功效：宣散，发散痘疹，辟除秽恶之气。
气味：辛，温，香气浓烈且走窜。
作用：内通心脾，外达四肢。
主治：辟除一切不正之气，治疗痧疹、痘疮不能透发。
用法：煎酒喷洒（心脾之气，得到芳香之气而运行通畅，含在口中喷遍全身，不要喷头面部。痘疹患者家中悬挂胡荽，可辟除邪恶。长期食用胡荽，使人多忘事，病患不宜食用胡荽、黄花菜）。
【生姜】
性味功效：宣散，散发寒邪，发表解表，止呕，化痰开郁。
气味：辛，温。
作用：运行阳分而祛除寒邪发表，宣通肺气而解除郁结调理中焦，舒畅胃口而化痰促进进食。
主治：治疗伤寒头痛，伤风鼻塞（辛味能入肺经，通气散寒），咳嗽气逆呕吐呃逆（有声有物为呕，有声无物为哕，有物无声为吐。这些症状或因寒、因热、因食积、因痰饮，导致气逆上冲所致。生姜能散降逆气，是治疗呕吐的圣药。李东垣说：辛热的生姜之类治疗呕吐，只适用于上焦气壅、表实证的病症；如果是胃虚谷气不行、胸膈闭塞而呕吐的，只宜益胃、推扬谷气罢了，不要用辛散药物泻之。朱丹溪说：阴分咳嗽，多属于阴虚，宜用贝母，不用生姜，因为生姜辛散。汪昂按语：人们只知道陈皮、生姜能止呕，不知道它们也有引发呕吐的时候。因为其药性上升，如胃热者就不适宜。藿香也是如此），胸膈壅塞痰阻，寒痛湿泻。
其他用途：消除水气，行血通痹（产后血气上冲心脏及恶露不尽，煎服也有效），通神明，去秽恶，急救暴卒（凡是中风、中气、中暑、中恶、暴卒等症，姜汁和童便饮用有效。姜汁开痰，童便降火），治疗狐臭（姜汁频繁涂抹），搽治冻耳（熬成膏涂抹）。
解毒：杀半夏、南星、菌蕈、野禽毒（野禽多吃半夏，所以有毒，生姜能解之），辟除雾露山岚瘴气（早起行走时含在口中）。
外用及其他：捣汁，与黄明胶一起熬制，贴敷风湿痹痛。
禁忌：长期食用并饮酒，会导致患眼病或痔疮（积热所致），疮痈患者忌食。
【姜皮】
性味功效：辛，凉。和脾，行水。
主治：治疗浮肿胀满（以皮行皮，五皮散中使用。成无己说：姜、枣辛甘，能运行脾胃的津液而调和营卫，不专门用于发散。李东垣说：晚上不吃姜，因为夜晚主闭藏而姜主辟散；秋天不吃姜，因为秋天主收敛而姜主发散。孕妇多吃，会使孩子手指畸形，这是象形理论的说法）。
配伍禁忌：秦椒为使药。畏黄连、黄芩、夜明砂（槽姜纳入蝉蜕中，即使老了也没有筋）。
[Xiebai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus)]
Alias: Zi (pronounced "jiao").
Properties and Actions: Slippery in texture, unblocks orifices, assists Yang Qi.
Flavor and Nature: Pungent, bitter, slippery, warm.
Functions: Regulates the Middle Jiao, assists Yang Qi, disperses blood stasis, generates flesh, drains qi stagnation in the Lower Jiao and Large Intestine.
Indications: Treats diarrhea and dysentery with tenesmus (Wang Haogu stated: Tenesmus is due to qi stagnation; adding this herb to Sini San (Four Counterflow Powder) drains the stagnation. Note: Tenesmus can also result from qi deficiency, blood deficiency, fire-heat, or wind-dryness), chest bi pain and stabbing pain (Zhang Zhongjing used Gualou Xiebai Baiji Tang (Trichosanthes Fruit, Allium Macrostemon, and White Wine Decoction)), lung asthma and rapid breathing.
Other Uses: Calms the fetus, facilitates childbirth, applied externally for burns and scalds (pounded with honey. *Zhouhou Fang* records: For sudden death caused by evil qi, pour Xie juice into the nose; leek juice is also acceptable).
Morphology: Leaves resemble those of garlic chives but are hollow in the center; roots resemble garlic.
Usage Notes: Use the white part. Avoid beef (its leaves are smooth, making dew difficult to retain, hence the term "Xie Lu" / Dew on Xie).
[Husu (Coriandri Fructus)]
Properties and Actions: Dispersing, promotes eruption of measles and smallpox, repels foul odors and evil qi.
Flavor and Nature: Pungent, warm, aromatic, and penetrating.
Functions: Internally connects to the Heart and Spleen, externally reaches the four limbs.
Indications: Repels all kinds of abnormal qi, treats sand-rash and smallpox that fail to erupt.
Usage: Brewed in wine and sprayed (The qi of the Heart and Spleen circulates upon receiving aromatic qi; hold in mouth and spray over the body, avoiding the head and face. Hanging Husu in households with smallpox patients repels evil spirits. Long-term consumption of Husu causes forgetfulness; patients should avoid consuming Husu and daylily).
[Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens)]
Properties and Actions: Dispersing, releases cold from the exterior, stops vomiting, opens phlegm and resolves depression.
Flavor and Nature: Pungent, warm.
Functions: Moves Yang aspect to dispel cold and release the exterior, diffuses Lung qi to resolve depression and regulate the Middle, soothes the stomach appetite to open phlegm and promote food intake.
Indications: Treats headache from Cold Damage (Shanghan), nasal congestion from Wind-Cold (Pungency enters the Lung meridian, unblocks qi and dispels cold), cough, counterflow, vomiting, and hiccups (Vomiting has sound and matter; hiccup has sound without matter; spitting has matter without sound. These conditions arise from cold, heat, food stagnation, or phlegm causing rebellious qi. Shengjiang disperses rebellious qi and is the sacred medicine for vomiting. Li Dongyuan stated: Pungent-hot herbs like Shengjiang treat vomiting only in cases of Upper Jiao qi obstruction and exterior excess; for vomiting due to Stomach deficiency, failure of grain qi to move, or chest oppression, one should tonify the Stomach and promote grain qi, not use pungent drugs to drain. Zhu Danxi stated: Coughs from Yin aspect are mostly due to Yin deficiency, suitable for Beimu, not Shengjiang, as Shengjiang is pungent and dispersing. Wang Ang notes: People know Chenpi and Shengjiang stop vomiting, but do not know they can also induce vomiting. Due to their ascending nature, they are unsuitable for Stomach heat. Huoxiang is similar). Chest oppression with phlegm obstruction, cold pain, damp diarrhea.
Other Uses: Eliminates water retention, moves blood stasis (effective decocted for postpartum blood rushing to the heart and incomplete lochia discharge), clarifies the mind, removes filth, rescues sudden collapse (For stroke, qi strike, heat stroke, evil qi invasion, or sudden collapse, drinking ginger juice mixed with child's urine is effective. Ginger juice opens phlegm, child's urine descends fire), treats bromhidrosis (frequent application of ginger juice), applies to frostbitten ears (boiled into ointment).
Detoxification: Neutralizes toxicity of Banxia, Nanxing, mushrooms, and wild birds (Wild birds often eat Banxia and thus become toxic; Shengjiang resolves this), repels mist, dew, mountain miasma, and pestilential qi (hold in mouth when walking early).
External/Other: Juice pounded, boiled with Huangming Jiao (Colla Corii Asini), applied to rheumatic bi pain.
Contraindications: Long-term consumption with alcohol may cause eye diseases or hemorrhoids (due to accumulated heat); contraindicated in carbuncles and sores.
[Jiangpi (Zingiberis Pericarpium)]
Properties and Actions: Pungent, cool. Harmonizes Spleen, promotes water metabolism.
Indications: Treats edema and distension (treating skin with skin, used in Wupi San (Five Peel Powder). Cheng Wuji stated: Ginger and Jujube are pungent and sweet, moving Spleen-Stomach fluids to harmonize Ying and Wei, not solely for releasing the exterior. Li Dongyuan stated: Do not eat ginger at night, as night governs closure while ginger governs dispersion; do not eat ginger in autumn, as autumn governs gathering while ginger governs dispersion. Pregnant women eating too much may have children with deformed fingers, based on form symbolism).
Incompatibilities: Qinjiao (Sichuan Pepper) is the guiding drug. Incompatible with Huanglian, Huangqin, and Yeming Sha (Chao Jiang inserted with Cicada Slough remains tendon-free even when old).