（有湿热，寒湿，气积，食积，血积）
【湿热】术（除湿热，益气和中。脾胃不和，冷气客之为胀满，同陈皮丸服。） 黄连
（去
心火及中焦湿热。） 黄芩（脾经诸湿，利胸中热。） 柴胡（宣畅气血，引清气上行。） 桔
梗（腹满肠鸣，伤寒腹胀，同半夏、橘皮煎服。） 射干（主胸胁满，腹胀气喘。） 薄荷 防
风车前 泽泻 木通 白芍药（去脏腑壅气，利小便，于土中泻木而补脾。） 大黄（主
肠
结热，心腹胀满。） 半夏（消心腹痰热满结，除腹胀。小儿腹胀，以酒和丸，姜
姜
汁调，贴脐中。） 牵牛（除气分湿热，三焦壅结。湿气中满，足胫微肿，小便不利，气急
咳
嗽，同浓朴末服。水蛊胀满，白、黑牵牛末各二钱，大麦面四两，作饼食。小儿腹胀，水气
流肿，小便赤少，生研一钱，青皮汤下。） 忍冬（治腹胀满。） 泽泻
豆（治
热，利小便，下腹胀满，散气。） 豌豆（利小便，腹胀满。） 荠菜（子，治腹胀。根，主
胀
满腹大，四肢枯瘦，尿涩，以根同甜葶苈丸服。） 木瓜（治腹胀善噫。） 浓朴（消痰下气，
除胀满，破宿血，化水谷，治积年冷气雷鸣。腹胀脉数，同枳实、大黄煎服。腹痛胀满，加
甘草、桂、姜、枣。男女气胀，冷热相攻，久不愈，姜汁炙研，米饮日服。） 皂荚（主腹
胀满。胸腹胀满，煨研丸服，取利甚妙。） 枳实（消食破积，去胃中湿热。） 枳壳（逐水
消胀满，下气破结。老幼气胀，气血凝滞，四制丸服。） 茯苓（主心腹胀满，渗湿热。） 猪
苓鸬
消积。鸡屎醴∶治鼓胀，旦食不能暮食，以袋盛半升渍酒，日饮三次，或为末酒服。欲下，
则煮酒顿服。） 野鸡（心腹胀满，同茴香、马芹诸料，入蒸饼作馄饨食。） 豪猪肚及屎（主
热风鼓胀，烧研酒服。） 猪血（中满腹胀，旦食不能暮食，晒研酒服，取利。） 牛溺（主
腹胀，利小便气胀，空心温服一升。症瘕鼓胀，煎如饴，服枣许，取利。） 蛤蟆（鼓气，
研酒服。青蛙，入
【寒湿】草豆蔻（除寒燥湿，开郁破气。） 缩砂 （治脾胃结滞不散，补肺醒脾。） 益
智子（主客寒犯胃。腹胀忽泻，日夜不止，二两煎汤服，即止。） 胡芦巴（治肾冷，腹胁
胀满，面色青黑。） 胡椒（虚胀腹大，同全蝎丸服。） 附子（胃寒气满，不能传化，饥不
能食，同人参、生姜末，煎服。） 丁香（小儿腹胀，同鸡屎白，丸服。） 诃黎勒（主冷气，
心腹胀满，下气。） 禹余粮
【气虚】甘草（除腹胀满，下气。） 人参（治心腹鼓痛，泻心肺脾中火邪。） 萎蕤（主
心腹结气。） 青木香（主心腹一切气，散滞气，调诸气。） 香附子（治诸气胀满，同缩砂、
甘草为末服。） 紫苏（治一
切冷气，心腹胀满。） 莱菔子（气胀、气蛊，取汁浸缩砂，炒七次，为末服。） 生姜（下
气，消痰喘胀满，亦纳下部导
之。） 姜皮（消胀痞，性凉。） 马芹子（主心腹胀满，开胃下气。） 山药（心腹虚胀，
手足厥逆，或过服苦寒者，半
生
半炒为末，米饮服。） 百合（除浮肿，胪胀痞满。） 败瓢（酒炙三、五次，烧研服，治中
满鼓胀。）
槟榔（治腹胀，生捣末服。） 沉香（升降诸气。） 全蝎（病转下后，腹胀如鼓，烧灰，入
麝
【积滞】蓬莪术（治积聚诸气胀。） 京三棱（治
为末，酒服三钱，乃破血下胀仙药也。） 马鞭草（行血活血。鼓胀烦渴，身干黑瘦，锉曝，
水煮服。） 神曲（补虚消食。三焦滞气，同莱菔子煎服。少腹坚大如盘，胸满，食不消化，
汤服方寸匕。） 米（消食下气，去心腹胀满。产后腹胀，不得转气，坐卧不得，酒服一
合，
气转即愈。） 葫蒜（下气，消谷化肉。） 山楂（化积消食，行结气。） 橘皮（下气破癖，
除
痰水滞气。） 胡椒（腹中虚胀，同蝎尾、莱菔子丸服。） 车脂（少小腹胀，和轮下土服。）
胡
粉（化积消胀。小儿腹胀，盐炒摩服。） 古文钱（心腹烦满，及胸胁痛欲死，水煮汁服。） 钢
铁（主胸膈气塞，不化食。） 水银（治积滞鼓胀。） 黑盐（腹胀气满，酒服六铢。酒肉过
多，
胀满不快，用盐擦牙，温水漱下，二、三次即消。） 芒硝（治腹胀，大小便不通。） 绿矾
（消
积滞，燥脾湿，除胀满，平肝，同苍术丸服，名伐木丸。） 猪项肉（酒积，面黄腹胀，同
甘
遂捣丸服。取下酒布袋也。）
【湿热】白术（能祛除湿热，益气调和脾胃。适用于脾胃不和，寒气客居体内导致的胀满，可与陈皮丸同服。）黄连（能清泻心火及中焦的湿热。）黄芩（清除脾经的各种湿气，通利胸中的热邪。）柴胡（宣畅气血，引导清气向上运行。）桔梗（治疗腹部胀满、肠鸣，以及伤寒引起的腹胀，可与半夏、橘皮一起煎煮服用。）射干（主治胸胁胀满，腹胀气喘。）薄荷、防风、车前子、泽泻、木通、白芍药（能去除脏腑壅滞之气，通利小便，在五行理论中通过泻肝木来补益脾土。）大黄（主治肠道结热，以及心腹部的胀满。）半夏（消除心腹部的痰热积聚，去除腹胀。小儿腹胀，可用酒调和制成丸剂，用姜汁调匀后贴敷于脐中。）牵牛子（能去除气分的湿热，疏通三焦的壅结。适用于湿气导致的中满，足胫轻微肿胀，小便不利，气急咳嗽，可与浓朴末同服。治疗水蛊引起的胀满，取白牵牛和黑牵牛末各二钱，大麦面四两，做成饼食用。小儿腹胀，水气流注导致浮肿，小便短赤量少，将生牵牛子研末一钱，用青皮汤送服。）忍冬（治疗腹部胀满。）泽泻豆（治疗热证，通利小便，消除下腹部胀满，疏散气机。）豌豆（通利小便，治疗腹部胀满。）荠菜（其种子治疗腹胀；其根部主治腹部胀大、四肢枯瘦、小便涩痛，可将根部与甜葶苈一起制成丸剂服用。）木瓜（治疗腹胀且容易嗳气。）浓朴（消除痰饮，降逆下气，去除胀满，破除陈旧瘀血，消化水谷，治疗多年冷气引起的肠鸣。若腹胀脉数，可与枳实、大黄一起煎煮服用。若腹痛胀满，可加入甘草、桂枝、生姜、大枣。男女气胀，冷热邪气相互攻冲，久治不愈，可用姜汁炙烤后研末，米汤送服每日。）皂荚（主治腹部胀满。胸腹胀满者，煨熟后研末制丸服用，通便效果极佳。）枳实（消食破积，去除胃中的湿热。）枳壳（逐水消胀，降气破结。老幼气胀，气血凝滞者，经四种方法炮制后制丸服用。）茯苓（主治心腹胀满，渗泄湿热。）猪苓（消积。鸡屎醴：治疗鼓胀，表现为早晨能吃晚上不能吃，将半升鸡屎装入袋中浸泡在酒里，每天饮用三次，或研成粉末用酒送服。若想通便，则煮沸酒一次性服用。）野鸡（治疗心腹胀满，可与茴香、马芹等调料一起，放入蒸饼中做成馄饨食用。）豪猪肚及粪便（主治热风引起的鼓胀，烧成灰后用酒送服。）猪血（治疗中满腹胀，早晨能吃晚上不能吃，晒干研末后用酒送服，以通便为效。）牛溺（主治腹胀，通利小便。气胀者，空腹温服一升。症瘕鼓胀，煎煮如饴糖状，服用枣核大小，以通便为效。）蛤蟆（鼓气，研末后用酒送服。青蛙，入……）
【寒湿】草豆蔻（祛除寒燥湿气，开郁破气。）缩砂仁（治疗脾胃结滞不散，补肺醒脾。）益智子（主治外寒犯胃。腹胀突然腹泻，日夜不止，取二两煎汤服用，即可停止。）胡芦巴（治疗肾冷，腹胁胀满，面色青黑。）胡椒（虚性腹胀腹大，可与全蝎一起制成丸剂服用。）附子（治疗胃寒气满，不能传导消化，饥饿却不想吃东西，可与人参、生姜末一起煎煮服用。）丁香（治疗小儿腹胀，可与鸡屎白一起制成丸剂服用。）诃黎勒（主治冷气，心腹胀满，降逆下气。）禹余粮
【气虚】甘草（去除腹胀满，降逆下气。）人参（治疗心腹鼓痛，泻除心肺脾中的火邪。）萎蕤（主治心腹结气。）青木香（主治心腹各种气病，散除滞气，调理各种气机。）香附子（治疗各种气胀满，可与缩砂、甘草一起研末服用。）紫苏（治疗一切冷气，心腹胀满。）莱菔子（治疗气胀、气蛊，取汁液浸泡缩砂仁，炒七次后研末服用。）生姜（降逆下气，消除痰喘胀满，也可纳入下部作为导引药物。）姜皮（消除胀痞，性质凉。）马芹子（主治心腹胀满，开胃下气。）山药（治疗心腹虚胀，手足厥冷，或因过服苦寒药物者，将一半生用一半炒熟研末，用米汤送服。）百合（去除浮肿，肢体胀痞满。）败瓢（用酒炙三到五次，烧成灰后服用，治疗中满鼓胀。）槟榔（治疗腹胀，生捣末服用。）沉香（升降调节各种气机。）全蝎（病情转至下部后，腹胀如鼓，烧成灰，加入麝……）
【积滞】蓬莪术（治疗积聚和各种气胀。）京三棱（治疗……研成末，用酒送服三钱，是破血下胀的仙药。）马鞭草（行血活血。治疗鼓胀烦渴，身体干枯黑瘦，切碎晒干，用水煮后服用。）神曲（补虚消食。治疗三焦滞气，可与莱菔子一起煎煮服用。少腹坚硬肿大如盘，胸部满闷，食物不消化，用汤剂送服方寸匕。）米（消食下气，去除心腹胀满。产后腹胀，无法排气，坐卧不安，用酒送服一合，气转通畅即痊愈。）葫蒜（降逆下气，消化谷物和肉类。）山楂（化解积滞消食，行散结气。）橘皮（降逆破癖，去除痰水滞气。）胡椒（腹中虚胀，可与蝎尾、莱菔子一起制成丸剂服用。）车脂（治疗小儿腹胀，与车轮下的泥土混合服用。）胡粉（化解积滞消胀。小儿腹胀，用盐炒后摩敷服用。）古文钱（治疗心腹烦满，以及胸胁痛欲死，用水煮汁服用。）钢铁（主治胸膈气塞，食物不消化。）水银（治疗积滞鼓胀。）黑盐（治疗腹胀气满，用酒送服六铢。因饮酒吃肉过多导致胀满不适，用盐擦牙，温水漱口咽下，两三次即可消除。）芒硝（治疗腹胀，大小便不通。）绿矾（消除积滞，燥化脾湿，去除胀满，平抑肝气，与苍术一起制成丸剂，名为伐木丸。）猪项肉（治疗酒积，面色黄、腹胀，与甘遂一起捣碎制成丸剂服用。旨在取下酒布袋。）
(Causes include damp-heat, cold-dampness, qi accumulation, food stagnation, and blood stasis)
[Damp-Heat] Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (Removes damp-heat, benefits qi and harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach. Suitable for distension caused by disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach with cold pathogens lodging inside; can be taken together with Chenpi Wan [Tangerine Peel Pill].) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (Clears Heart fire and damp-heat in the Middle Jiao.) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (Clears various dampnesses in the Spleen channel, drains heat from the chest.) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (Unblocks and promotes Qi and Blood, guides clear Yang upward.) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (Treats abdominal fullness and borborygmi, as well as abdominal distension due to Cold Damage; decocted and taken with Banxia [Pinelliae Rhizoma] and JuPi [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium].) Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) (Mainly treats fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, abdominal distension, and wheezing.) Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (Removes stagnant Qi in the Zang-Fu organs, promotes urination, drains Liver Wood to tonify Spleen Earth within the Five Elements theory.) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (Mainly treats intestinal heat binding and abdominal distension.) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (Eliminates phlegm-heat accumulation in the chest and abdomen, removes abdominal distension. For pediatric abdominal distension, mix with wine to make pills, apply to the umbilicus with ginger juice.) Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen) (Removes damp-heat in the Qi level, unblocks congestion in the Sanjiao. Suitable for middle-fullness due to dampness, slight swelling of lower legs, dysuria, shortness of breath, and cough; taken with Houpo [Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex] powder. For water-gu distension, take two qian of Baiqianniu [White Pharbitis Seed] and Heiqianniu [Black Pharbitis Seed] powder, mixed with four liang of barley flour, made into cakes. For pediatric abdominal distension, water-fluid retention with edema, and scanty dark urine, take one qian of raw ground seed, administered with Qingpi [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] decoction.) Rendong (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) (Treats abdominal distension.) Zexi Dou (Vigna radiata var. angularis) (Treats heat syndromes, promotes urination, reduces lower abdominal distension, disperses Qi.) Wandou (Pisi Sativum) (Promotes urination, treats abdominal distension.) Qicai (Capsellae Fructus) (Seeds treat abdominal distension; roots mainly treat abdominal enlargement with emaciated limbs and dysuria; roots are decocted with Tiantingli [Descurainiae Semen] to make pills.) Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus) (Treats abdominal distension with frequent belching.) Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) (Resolves phlegm, directs rebellious Qi downward, removes distension, breaks old blood stasis, transforms food and fluids, treats chronic cold-induced borborygmi. If abdominal distension with rapid pulse, decoct with Zhishi [Aurantii Fructus Immaturus] and Dahuang. If abdominal pain and distension, add Gancao [Glycyrrhizae Radix], Guizhi [Cinnamomi Ramulus], Shengjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens], and Dazao [Jujubae Fructus]. For male and female Qi distension with alternating cold and heat, long-standing and untreatable, roast with ginger juice, grind into powder, and take daily with rice drink.) Zaojia (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina) (Mainly treats abdominal distension. For chest and abdominal fullness, bake until charred, grind into powder, and take as pills; inducing bowel movement is very effective.) Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) (Transforms food, breaks accumulation, removes damp-heat in the Stomach.) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) (Expels water, reduces distension, directs Qi downward, breaks stagnation. For Qi distension in elderly and children with Qi and Blood stagnation, take as pills processed by four methods.) Fuling (Poria) (Mainly treats heart and abdominal fullness, leaches out damp-heat.) Zhuling (Polyporus) (Eliminates accumulation. Jieshi Li [Chicken Dropping Wine]: Treats gu-distension where the patient can eat in the morning but not at night. Soak half sheng of chicken droppings in a bag in wine, drink three times daily, or take as powder with wine. To induce purgation, boil the wine and take in one dose.) Yeji (Pheasant) (Treats heart and abdominal distension; steam with fennel, caraway, and other seasonings in steamed dough to make wontons.) Haozhu Du Ji Shi (Hystrix Adspersa Intestines and Feces) (Mainly treats wind-heat gu-distension; burn to ash and take with wine.) Zhuxue (Porcinis Sanguis) (Treats middle-fullness and abdominal distension where the patient can eat in the morning but not at night; dry, grind into powder, take with wine to induce purgation.) Niuni (Bovis Urine) (Mainly treats abdominal distension, promotes urination. For Qi distension, take one sheng warm on an empty stomach. For zheng-jia gu-distension, decoct until like maltose, take a date-sized amount to induce purgation.) Hamo (Bufo bufo gargarizans) (Generates Qi, grind into powder and take with wine. Qingwa [Rana tigrina], enters...)
[Cold-Dampness] Caodoukou (Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen) (Dispels cold and dries dampness, opens depression and breaks Qi.) Suasha (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) (Treats stagnation and accumulation in the Spleen and Stomach that does not disperse, tonifies Lung and awakens Spleen.) Yizhiren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Semen) (Mainly treats external cold invading the Stomach. Sudden abdominal distension with diarrhea, day and night without stopping; decoct two liang and take, stops immediately.) Huluba (Trigonellae Semen) (Treats Kidney cold, abdominal and hypochondriac distension, blue-black complexion.) Hujiao (Piperis Longi Fructus) (For deficiency-type abdominal distension with large belly, take with Quanxie [Scorpio] as pills.) Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) (Treats Stomach cold with Qi fullness, inability to transport and transform, hunger but no appetite; decoct with Renshen [Ginseng Radix] and Shengjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens] powder.) Dingxiang (Syzygdii Aromatisati Flos) (Treats pediatric abdominal distension; take with Jieshibai [Chicken Dropping White] as pills.) Helile (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus) (Mainly treats cold pathogen, heart and abdominal distension, directs Qi downward.) Yuyuliang (Yiminis Fragmentum)
[Qi Deficiency] Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (Removes abdominal distension, directs Qi downward.) Renshen (Ginseng Radix) (Treats drum-like pain in the heart and abdomen, drains Fire evil from the Heart, Lung, and Spleen.) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) (Mainly treats knotting Qi in the heart and abdomen.) Qingmuxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (Mainly treats all Qi disorders in the heart and abdomen, disperses stagnant Qi, regulates various Qi mechanisms.) Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) (Treats various Qi distensions; take as powder with Suosha [Amomi Fructus Rotundus] and Gancao [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma].) Zisu (Perillae Folium) (Treats all cold pathogens, heart and abdominal distension.) Laifuzi (Radicis Raphani) (Treats Qi distension and Qi gu; soak Suosha [Amomi Fructus Rotundus] in juice, stir-fry seven times, grind into powder and take.) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (Directs Qi downward, eliminates phlegm-wheezing and distension; can also be inserted into the lower orifices as a guiding agent.) Jiangpi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Cum Scama) (Eliminates distension and痞满, nature is cool.) Maqinzi (Carvi Fructus) (Mainly treats heart and abdominal distension, opens appetite and directs Qi downward.) Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) (Treats heart and abdominal deficiency distension, cold extremities, or cases of excessive bitter-cold medication; half raw and half stir-fried, grind into powder, take with rice drink.) Baihe (Lilii Bulbus) (Removes edema, limb distension and痞满.) Baitiao (Benincasae Fructus Exsiccatus) (Roast with wine three to five times, burn to ash and take, treats middle-fullness gu-distension.) Binglang (Arecae Semen) (Treats abdominal distension, crush raw and take as powder.) Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) (Ascends and descends various Qi mechanisms.) Quanxie (Scorpio) (After disease shifts downward, abdominal distension like a drum; burn to ash, add Moshe... [Shexiang])
[Stagnation] Peng'ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) (Treats accumulation and various Qi distensions.) Jingsanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) (Treats... grind into powder, take three qian with wine; it is a celestial medicine for breaking blood and reducing distension.) Mabiancao (Verbenae Herba) (Moves and invigorates blood. Treats gu-distension with irritability and thirst, dry black emaciated body; chop, sun-dry, decoct in water and take.) Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) (Tonifies deficiency, transforms food. Treats stagnant Qi in the Sanjiao; decoct with Laifuzi [Radicis Raphani]. For hard and large lower abdomen like a plate, chest fullness, and indigestion, take one cunbi with decoction.) Mi (Oryzae Sativa Granum) (Transforms food, directs Qi downward, removes heart and abdominal distension. For postpartum abdominal distension with inability to pass gas, restlessness in sitting and lying down, take one he with wine; heals when Qi moves.) Husuan (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus / Allii Sativi Bulbus) (Directs Qi downward, digests grains and meat.) Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) (Transforms accumulation, aids digestion, moves knotted Qi.) Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (Directs Qi downward, breaks masses, removes phlegm-fluid and stagnant Qi.) Hujiao (Piperis Longi Fructus) (For abdominal deficiency distension, take with Xiewei [Scorpio Tail] and Laifuzi [Radicis Raphani] as pills.) Chezhi (Equi Medulla) (Treats pediatric abdominal distension; mix with soil from under the wheel and take.) Hufen (Cerussa) (Transforms accumulation and reduces distension. For pediatric abdominal distension, stir-fry with salt and massage onto the skin.) Guwenqian (Ancient Coins) (Treats heart and abdominal irritability and fullness, and severe chest and hypochondriac pain; decoct in water and take.) Gangtie (Ferrum) (Mainly treats Qi obstruction in the chest and diaphragm, indigestion.) Shuiyin (Hydrargyrum) (Treats stagnation gu-distension.) Heiyan (Sal Nigrum) (Treats abdominal distension and Qi fullness; take six zhu with wine. For discomfort and distension due to overeating alcohol and meat, rub teeth with salt, rinse and swallow with warm water; resolves in two or three times.) Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) (Treats abdominal distension with constipation and urinary retention.) Lvfan (Chalcanthitum) (Eliminates stagnation, dries Spleen dampness, removes distension, calms Liver; taken with Cangzhu [Atractylodis Rhizoma] as pills, named Famù Wan [Wood-Overcoming Pill].) Zhu Xiang Rou (Porci Cervicalis Carneo) (Treats alcohol accumulation, yellow face, and abdominal distension; crush with Gansui [Kansui Radix] and take as pills. Aims to expel the "wine bag".)