《太阴阳明论》曰∶太阴阳明为表里，脾胃脉也。生病而异者何也？岐伯对曰∶阴
阳异位，更虚更实，更逆更从，或从内，或从外，所从不同故病异名也。（脾脏为阴，胃腑
为阳，阳脉下行，阴脉上行，阳脉从外，阴脉从内，故言所以不同，病异名也。春夏阳明为实，太阴为虚，秋
冬太阴为实，阳明为虚，即更实更虚也。春夏太阴为逆，阳明为从，秋冬阳明为逆，太阴为从，即更逆更从也。）阳
者，天气也，主外；阴者，地气也，主内。（是所谓阴阳异位也。）故阳道实，阴道虚。（是所谓
更实更虚也。）犯贼风虚邪者，阳受之；食饮不节起居不时者，阴受之。（是所谓或从内，或从外
也。）阳受之则入六腑，阴受之则入五脏。入六腑则身热不时卧，上为喘呼；入五脏则
满闭塞，下为飧泄，久为肠 。（是所谓所从不同，病异名也。）故喉主天气，咽生地气。故
阳受风气，阴受湿气。（同气相求耳。）故阴气从足上行至头，而下行循臂至指端；阳气从
手上行至头，而下行至足。（是所谓更逆更从也。《灵枢》曰∶手之三阴，从脏走手；手之三阳，从手走头。
足之三阳，从头走足；足之三阴，从足走腹。所行而异，故更逆更从也。）故曰阳病者上行极而下，阴病
者下行极而上。故伤于风者，上先受之；伤于湿者，下先受之。
脾不主时何也？（肝主春，心主夏，肺主秋，肾主冬，四脏皆有正应，而脾无正主也。）脾者土也，治
中央，常以四时长四脏，各十八日寄治，不得独主于时也。脾脏者常着胃土之精也，土者生万物而法天地，
故上下至头足。足太阴者三阴也，故太阴为之行气于三阴。阳明者表也，五脏六腑之海也，亦为之行气于三
阳。脏腑各因其经而受气于阳明。
《太阴阳明论》中说：太阴经与阳明经互为表里，分别对应脾脏和胃腑的脉象。为什么它们生病的表现会不同呢？岐伯回答说：这是因为阴阳二气所处的部位不同，虚实状态交替变化，气机运行有逆顺之别，病邪有的从内部产生，有的从外部侵入，由于受病的途径不同，所以疾病的名称也不同。（脾脏属阴，胃腑属阳，阳脉向下运行，阴脉向上运行；阳脉主外，阴脉主内，所以说因此不同，疾病名称各异。春夏季节阳明经气实而太阴经气虚，秋冬季节太阴经气实而阳明经气虚，这就是虚实交替。春夏季节太阴经气为逆、阳明经气为顺，秋冬季节阳明经气为逆、太阴经气为顺，这就是逆顺交替。）阳气代表天气，主管体表；阴气代表地气，主管体内。（这就是所说的阴阳部位不同。）所以阳气的特性是充实，阴气的特性是虚弱。（这就是所说的虚实交替。）遭受贼风虚邪等外邪侵袭的，阳气先受病；饮食不节制、起居无规律的，阴气先受病。（这就是所说的或从外部、或从内部受病。）阳气受邪则病入六腑，阴气受邪则病入五脏。病入六腑则出现身体发热、不能按时安卧，向上表现为气喘呼叫；病入五脏则出现腹部胀满闭塞，向下表现为完谷不化的泄泻，日久发展为肠澼（痢疾）。（这就是所说的受病途径不同，疾病名称各异。）所以喉主管呼吸天气，咽主管吞咽地气。因此阳气容易受风气侵袭，阴气容易受湿气侵袭。（这是同气相求的道理。）所以阴气从足部上行至头部，再下行沿手臂到达手指末端；阳气从手上行至头部，再下行至足部。（这就是所说的逆顺交替。《灵枢》说：手三阴经，从内脏走向手部；手三阳经，从手部走向头部。足三阳经，从头部走向足部；足三阴经，从足部走向腹部。经脉循行方向不同，所以有逆顺之分。）所以说阳病往往向上发展到极点然后向下传变，阴病往往向下发展到极点然后向上转归。因此被风邪所伤的，上部先受病；被湿邪所伤的，下部先受病。
为什么脾不单独主宰一个季节呢？（肝主宰春季，心主宰夏季，肺主宰秋季，肾主宰冬季，四脏都有对应的正季，而脾没有单独的主宰季节。）脾属土，治理中央方位，常在四季中滋养其他四脏，每季最后十八天由脾寄治，所以脾不能单独主宰某一个季节。脾脏常常蕴藏着胃中水谷精微之气，土能生养万物并效法天地，所以脾气上下贯通至头足。足太阴脾经是三阴经之一，所以太阴经为三阴经运行气血。阳明经属表，是五脏六腑气血汇聚的海源，也为三阳经运行气血。脏腑都通过各自的经脉从阳明经接受气血。
The *Taiyin Yangming Lun* (Treatise on Taiyin and Yangming) states: Taiyin and Yangming are exterior-interior counterparts, corresponding to the pulses of the Spleen Zang and Stomach Fu. Why do diseases manifest differently in them? Qibo replied: This is because Yin and Yang occupy different positions, their deficiency and excess alternate, their Qi movement is either contrary or compliant, and pathogens may originate from within or invade from without. Since the pathways differ, the disease names vary accordingly. (The Spleen Zang is Yin, the Stomach Fu is Yang; Yang pulses descend, Yin pulses ascend; Yang pulses govern the exterior, Yin pulses govern the interior. Hence the difference in disease names. In spring and summer, Yangming is Excess and Taiyin is Deficient; in autumn and winter, Taiyin is Excess and Yangming is Deficient—this is the alternation of Excess and Deficiency. In spring and summer, Taiyin Qi is Contrary and Yangming Qi is Compliant; in autumn and winter, Yangming Qi is Contrary and Taiyin Qi is Compliant—this is the alternation of Contrary and Compliant.) Yang represents Heaven Qi and governs the exterior; Yin represents Earth Qi and governs the interior. (This is what is meant by Yin and Yang occupying different positions.) Therefore, the path of Yang is Excess, and the path of Yin is Deficient. (This is the alternation of Excess and Deficiency.) Those who contract thieving winds and empty pathogens receive them in Yang; those whose diet is irregular and daily routine unregulated receive them in Yin. (This is receiving from outside or inside.) When Yang receives it, the pathogen enters the Six Fu Organs; when Yin receives it, the pathogen enters the Five Zang Organs. Entering the Six Fu Organs results in fever, inability to lie down at proper times, and upward manifestations such as panting and calling out; entering the Five Zang Organs results in abdominal fullness and obstruction, downward manifestations such as undigested food diarrhea (Sunxie), and over time, intestinal dysentery (Changpi). (This is why different pathways lead to different disease names.) Thus, the throat governs Heaven Qi, and the pharynx generates Earth Qi. Therefore, Yang is susceptible to Wind Pathogens, and Yin is susceptible to Dampness Pathogens. (This is due to the attraction of similar energies.) Thus, Yin Qi ascends from the feet to the head, then descends along the arms to the fingertips; Yang Qi ascends from the hands to the head, then descends to the feet. (This is the alternation of Contrary and Compliant. The *Ling Shu* states: Hand Three Yin meridians go from the Zang organs to the hands; Hand Three Yang meridians go from the hands to the head. Foot Three Yang meridians go from the head to the feet; Foot Three Yin meridians go from the feet to the abdomen. Because their courses differ, there is an alternation of Contrary and Compliant.) Therefore, it is said that Yang diseases tend to move upward to the extreme and then downward, while Yin diseases tend to move downward to the extreme and then upward. Consequently, those injured by Wind suffer first in the upper part; those injured by Dampness suffer first in the lower part.
Why does the Spleen not govern a specific season? (The Liver governs Spring, the Heart governs Summer, the Lung governs Autumn, and the Kidney governs Winter; the Four Zang organs each have a primary correspondence, but the Spleen has no single governing season.) The Spleen belongs to Earth, governs the Central direction, and nourishes the other four Zang organs throughout the four seasons. It presides for eighteen days during each season, hence it cannot exclusively govern one season. The Spleen Zang constantly retains the essence of the Stomach's Earth. Earth generates all things and models Heaven and Earth; thus, its Qi extends up to the head and down to the feet. The Foot Taiyin is one of the Three Yin meridians; therefore, Taiyin circulates Qi among the Three Yin meridians. Yangming is the Exterior and the Sea of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs; it also circulates Qi among the Three Yang meridians. The Zang and Fu organs each receive Qi from Yangming through their respective meridians.