风者百病之始也。（见脉色类三十二。）
风者百病之始也。风从外入，令人振寒，汗出头痛，身重恶寒。从风憎风。病大风，骨节重，须眉堕，名曰大风。
疠风。偏枯。痱之为病。智乱不甚，其言微知，可治，甚则不能言，不可治也。风痉，身反折。（针刺三十六。）
贼风邪气乘虚伤人。（运气三十六。）
阳受风气，阴受湿气。伤于风者，上先受之；伤于湿者，下先受之。（疾病十三。）
邪风之至，疾如风雨。（论治八。）
风成为寒热，久风为飧泄，脉风成为疠。（疾病类七十七。）
病在阳者命曰风，病在阴者命曰痹，阴阳俱病命曰风痹。风寒伤形。（针刺三十一。）
人一呼脉三动，一吸脉三动而躁，尺不热脉滑曰病风。（脉色三。）
脉大血少者，脉有风气。（疾病二十一。）
脉滑曰风。（脉色十六。）
来徐去疾，上虚下实，为恶风也。故中恶风者，阳受气也。（脉色二十一。）
二阳之病发心脾，其传为风消。（疾病六。）
面肿曰风。（疾病五十九。）
正邪者，身形若用力汗出，腠理开，逢虚风，其中人也微，故莫知其情，莫见其形。（针刺十三。）
八风伤人为病。（运气三十五。）
阴主寒，阳主热，寒甚则热，热甚则寒，故曰寒生热，热生寒，此阴阳之变也。（见脉色类三十三。）
寒极生热，热极生寒。寒气生浊，热气生清。清气在下，则生飧泄；浊气在上，则生 胀。重寒则热，重热则寒。
寒伤形，热伤气。（阴阳一。）
故犯贼风虚邪者阳受之，阳受之则入六腑，入六腑则身热不时卧，上为喘呼。（疾病十三。）
阳胜者则为热，阴胜者则为寒，寒则真气去，去则虚，虚则寒搏于皮肤之间。寒胜其热，则骨疼肉枯，热胜其寒，
则烂肉腐肌为脓，内伤骨，内伤骨为骨蚀。（疾病四。）
寒则腠理闭，气不行，故气收矣。炅则腠理开，营卫通，汗大泄，故气泄矣。（疾病二十六。）
寒多则筋挛骨痛，热多则筋弛骨消，肉烁 破，毛直而败。（经络三十一。）
寒多则凝泣，凝泣则青黑；热多则淖泽，淖泽则黄赤。（脉色三十五。）
寒则反折筋急，热则筋弛纵不收，阴痿不用。阳急则反折，阴急则俯不伸。（疾病六十九。）
阴气不足则内热，阳气有余则外热，内热相搏，热于怀炭，外畏绵帛近，不可近身，又不可近席。（针刺类三十三。）
三阳为病发寒热。（疾病六。）
阳明所谓洒洒振寒者，阳明者午也，五月盛阳之阴也，阳盛而阴气加之，故洒洒振寒也。（疾病十一。）
肺脉微急为肺寒热。脾脉小甚为寒热。（脉色十九。）
寸口脉沉而弱，沉而喘，曰寒热。缓而滑曰热中。脉尺粗常热者，谓之热中。（脉色十六。）
夏脉太过，则令人身热而肤痛，为浸淫。（脉色十。）
沉细数散者，寒热也。推而内之，外而不内，身有热也。（脉色二十一。）
其寒饮食入胃，从肺脉上至于肺则肺寒，肺寒则外内合邪。（疾病五十二。）
荣卫稽留，卫散营溢，气竭血着，外为发热，内为少气。（经络八。）
血并于阳，气并于阴，乃为炅中。（疾病十九。）
喜怒不适，食饮不节，寒温不时，则寒汁流于肠中，流于肠中则虫寒，虫寒则积聚，守于下管，则肠胃充郭，卫气
不营，邪气居之。（针刺四十八。）
形寒寒饮则伤肺。（疾病三。）
中热则胃中消谷，消谷则虫上下作，肠胃充郭故胃缓，胃缓则气逆，故唾出。（疾病五十八。）
气虚身热，此谓反也。气实者，热也。气虚者，寒也。（疾病二十一。）
皮寒热者，不可附席，毛发焦，鼻槁腊。肌寒热者，肌痛，毛发焦而唇槁腊。骨寒热者，病无所安，汗注不休。齿
未槁，取其少阴于阴股之络；齿已槁，死不治。骨厥亦然。（针刺四十一。）
掌中热者，腹中热；掌中寒者，腹中寒。鱼上白肉有青血脉者，胃中有寒。（脉色十八。）
中热消瘅则便寒，寒中之属则便热。胃中热，则消谷，令人悬心善饥，脐以下皮热；肠中热，则出黄如糜，脐以下
皮寒。胃中寒，则腹胀；肠中寒，则肠鸣飧泄。胃中寒，肠中热，则胀而且泄；胃中热，肠中寒，则疾饥，小腹痛胀。（论
治二。）
血气者，喜温而恶寒，寒则泣而不流，温则消而去之。（疾病十九。）
小骨弱肉者，善病寒热。（疾病七十六。）
不远热则热至，不远寒则寒至。寒至则坚痞腹满，痛急下利之病生矣。热至则身热，吐下霍乱，痈疽疮疡，瞀郁注
下， 肿胀，呕鼽衄头痛，骨节变肉痛，血溢血泄，淋 之病生矣。（运气二十。）
诊寒热，赤脉上下至瞳子，见一脉一岁死，见一脉半一岁半死，见二脉二岁死，见二脉半二岁半死，见三脉三岁死。
（脉色三十三。）
人之病，同时而伤，其身多热者易已，多寒者难已。（藏象二十二。）
风，是各种疾病的起始因素。风邪从外部侵入人体，导致身体战栗发冷、出汗、头痛、身体沉重且怕冷。患者会因畏惧风而厌恶风。若患严重的“大风”病（即麻风），会出现骨节沉重、胡须眉毛脱落等症状，这种病称为大风。
疠风（麻风）。偏枯（半身不遂）。痱病（一种以肢体废用为主的疾病）的症状：如果神志混乱不严重，说话还能让人听懂一部分，是可以治疗的；如果严重到无法说话，则无法治疗。风痉（由风邪引起的痉挛性疾病），表现为身体向后反折僵硬。（参见针刺三十六。）
阳经容易受风气侵袭，阴经容易受湿气侵袭。被风邪所伤的人，病邪往往先侵犯上部；被湿邪所伤的人，病邪往往先侵犯下部。（参见疾病十三。）
风邪久留体内可转化为寒热交替的病证，风邪久留可导致完谷不化的泄泻，脉象见风邪之象则可发展为疠风。（参见疾病类七十七。）
病位在阳分的称为风，病位在阴分的称为痹，阴阳两分都受病的称为风痹。风寒之邪损伤形体。（参见针刺三十一。）
人一呼脉搏跳动三次，一吸脉搏也跳动三次且躁动不安，尺部皮肤不发热但脉象滑利，这是患风病的征象。（参见脉色三。）
脉象宏大但血液亏少的，说明脉中有风邪之气。（参见疾病二十一。）
脉来势徐缓而去势急疾，上部虚而下部实，这是恶风的表现。所以中受恶风者，是因为阳气受邪。（参见脉色二十一。）
阳明经（胃与大肠）的病变源于心脾，其传变可形成“风消”（因风邪导致的消瘦）。
面部浮肿称为风。（参见疾病五十九。）
正邪（指非时令的反常气候），当人体身形劳累用力出汗时，腠理（皮肤毛孔）张开，遇到虚邪贼风，邪气侵入人体较轻微，所以人们不知道病情，也看不出明显的病症表现。（参见针刺十三。）
阴主寒，阳主热。寒气极盛则生热，热气极盛则生寒，所以说寒能生热，热能生寒，这是阴阳变化的规律。（参见脉色类三十三。）
寒到极致产生热，热到极致产生寒。寒气产生浊阴，热气产生清阳。清气如果在下面，就会发生完谷不化的泄泻；浊气如果在上面，就会发生胀满。重寒则化热，重热则化寒。
所以触犯贼风虚邪的人，阳经受邪；阳经受邪则传入六腑，传入六腑则出现身体发热、不能按时安卧，向上表现为喘息呼叫。（参见疾病十三。）
阳偏胜则表现为热，阴偏胜则表现为寒。寒盛则真气离去，真气离去则导致虚损，虚损则寒邪搏结于皮肤之间。寒胜过热，则骨头疼痛、肌肉枯瘦；热胜过寒，则肌肉腐烂化为脓液，内伤骨骼，内伤骨骼则导致骨蚀。（参见疾病四。）
寒邪侵袭则腠理闭塞，气机运行不畅，所以气机收敛。热邪侵袭则腠理开泄，营卫之气通畅，大汗淋漓，所以气机外泄。（参见疾病二十六。）
寒邪多则筋脉拘挛、骨头疼痛；热邪多则筋脉弛缓、骨头消损，肌肉消瘦破裂，毛发干枯败坏。（参见经络三十一。）
寒邪多则气血凝滞，凝滞则面色青黑；热邪多则气血润泽，润泽则面色黄赤。（参见脉色三十五。）
寒邪侵袭则筋脉反折拘急，热邪侵袭则筋脉弛缓纵散不收，导致阳痿不用。阳经拘急则身体反折，阴经拘急则弯腰不能伸直。（参见疾病六十九。）
阴气不足则产生内热，阳气有余则产生外热。内外热邪相搏结，热度比怀里抱着炭火还要热，对外畏惧棉帛贴近身体，既不能靠近身体，也不能靠近席子。（参见针刺类三十三。）
三阳经发病，表现为寒热往来。（参见疾病六。）
阳明经所说的“洒洒然振寒”，是因为阳明对应午时，五月是盛阳中的阴气初生之时，阳气极盛而阴气加之，所以出现洒洒然振寒的症状。（参见疾病十一。）
肺脉微急，表示肺有寒热。脾脉细小甚，表示有寒热。（参见脉色十九。）
寸口脉沉而弱，沉而伴有喘息，称为寒热。脉缓而滑，称为热中（中焦有热）。尺部脉粗大且经常发热，称为热中。（参见脉色十六。）
夏季脉象太过，会导致身体发热且皮肤疼痛，发展为浸淫疮。（参见脉色十。）
脉象沉细数散，是寒热的表现。推按脉象使其内陷，若脉气向外而不向内，说明身体有热。（参见脉色二十一。）
食用寒凉饮食入胃，寒气沿肺脉上行至肺，导致肺寒，肺寒则外邪与内邪相合。（参见疾病五十二。）
营卫之气稽留不行，卫气散失而营血溢乱，气竭血瘀，外在表现为发热，内在表现为气短少气。（参见经络八。）
血并聚于阳分，气并聚于阴分，这就形成了炅中（内热病）。（参见疾病十九。）
喜怒情绪不适，饮食没有节制，寒温调节不当，就会导致寒汁流注于肠中。流注于肠中则使寄生虫受寒，寄生虫受寒则积聚停滞，守在下脘，导致肠胃充塞胀满，卫气不能正常运行，邪气占据其中。（参见针刺四十八。）
中焦有热则胃中消化食物过快，消化过快则寄生虫上下活动，肠胃充塞胀满导致胃缓，胃缓则气机上逆，所以吐出涎沫。（参见疾病五十八。）
气虚而身体发热，这叫做“反常”。气实的，表现为热；气虚的，表现为寒。（参见疾病二十一。）
皮寒热病，患者不能贴靠席子，毛发焦枯，鼻孔干燥如腊。肌寒热病，肌肉疼痛，毛发焦枯而嘴唇干燥如腊。骨寒热病，患者坐卧不安，汗出如雨不止。如果牙齿还没有干枯，可以取足少阴肾经在大腿内侧的络穴治疗；如果牙齿已经干枯，则是死症，无法治疗。骨厥病也是如此。（参见针刺四十一。）
手掌中心发热，说明腹中热；手掌中心发凉，说明腹中寒。手掌大鱼际白肉处有青色血脉显现的，说明胃中有寒。（参见脉色十八。）
中焦有热导致的消瘅病，适宜用寒凉法治疗；属于中焦寒证的，适宜用温热法治疗。胃中有热，则消化食物快，使人心中悬空易饥，肚脐以下皮肤发热；肠中有热，则排出黄色如糜样的粪便，肚脐以下皮肤发凉。胃中有寒，则腹部胀满；肠中有寒，则肠鸣且完谷不化。胃中有寒而肠中有热，则既胀满又泄泻；胃中有热而肠中有寒，则容易饥饿且小腹痛胀。（参见论治二。）
血和气，喜欢温暖而厌恶寒冷。寒冷则血液凝涩而不流动，温暖则血液消散流通。（参见疾病十九。）
骨骼小、肌肉薄弱的人，容易患寒热病。（参见疾病七十六。）
不远离热邪则热邪至，不远离寒邪则寒邪至。寒邪至则产生坚硬痞块、腹部胀满、疼痛紧急及下利等病证。热邪至则产生身体发热、呕吐腹泻霍乱、痈疽疮疡、神志昏乱郁结、泄泻不止、肿胀、呕吐、鼻塞、鼻衄、头痛、骨节改变肌肉疼痛、出血及淋证等病证。（参见运气二十。）
诊断寒热病的预后，如果赤色的脉络向上延伸至瞳子，见到一脉主一年死，见到一脉半主一年半死，见到二脉主两年死，见到二脉半主两年半死，见到三脉主三年死。（参见脉色三十三。）
Wind is the beginning of all diseases. (See Pulse and Color Category 32.)
Wind is the beginning of all diseases. When wind pathogen enters from the exterior, it causes shivering chills, sweating, headache, heaviness of the body, and aversion to cold. Patients develop an aversion to wind due to wind sensitivity. If one suffers from severe "Da Feng" (Great Wind, i.e., Leprosy), symptoms include heavy joints and loss of eyebrows and beard; this disease is named Da Feng.
Li Feng (Leprosy). Pian Ku (Hemiplegia). Fei Bing (a disease characterized by limb paralysis): if mental confusion is not severe and speech is partially intelligible, it is treatable; if severe enough that speech is lost, it is untreatable. Feng Jing (Wind Spasm) presents with opisthotonos (body bent backward rigidly). (See Acupuncture 36.)
Zei Feng (Thief Wind) and evil qi invade humans when they are deficient. (See Yun Qi 36.)
Yang meridians are susceptible to wind qi, while Yin meridians are susceptible to dampness qi. Those injured by wind pathogen suffer first in the upper part; those injured by dampness pathogen suffer first in the lower part. (See Diseases 13.)
The arrival of evil wind is swift like wind and rain. (See Treatment Principles 8.)
If wind persists, it becomes alternating cold and heat; if wind persists for a long time, it causes undigested food diarrhea; if pulse indicates wind, it becomes Li Feng (Leprosy). (See Disease Category 77.)
Disease in Yang is called Feng; disease in Yin is called Bi; disease in both Yin and Yang is called Feng Bi. Cold and wind damage the form. (See Acupuncture 31.)
If in one exhalation the pulse beats three times, and in one inhalation the pulse also beats three times and is restless, while the Chi area is not hot but the pulse is slippery, this indicates Wind disease. (See Pulse 3.)
A large pulse with little blood indicates wind qi in the pulse. (See Diseases 21.)
A slippery pulse indicates Wind. (See Pulse 16.)
A pulse that comes slowly and departs quickly, with deficiency above and excess below, indicates aversion to wind. Thus, those struck by evil wind receive it in the Yang. (See Pulse 21.)
Diseases of the Two Yang (Stomach and Large Intestine) originate from the Heart and Spleen; their transmission can lead to Feng Xiao (wasting due to wind).
Facial swelling is called Feng. (See Diseases 59.)
Zheng Xie (Regular Evil/Abnormal Climate): When the body is tired and exerted, causing sweating and opening of the Cou Li (pores), encountering weak wind leads to slight invasion, so people do not perceive the condition nor see its form. (See Acupuncture 13.)
The Eight Winds cause disease when they harm humans. (See Yun Qi 35.)
Yin governs Cold, Yang governs Heat. Extreme Cold generates Heat, extreme Heat generates Cold; thus, Cold generates Heat, and Heat generates Cold; this is the transformation of Yin and Yang. (See Pulse and Color Category 33.)
Extreme Cold generates Heat, extreme Heat generates Cold. Cold qi generates turbid Yin, hot qi generates clear Yang. If clear Yang sinks below, it causes undigested food diarrhea; if turbid Yin rises above, it causes distension. Repeated Cold transforms into Heat, repeated Heat transforms into Cold.
Cold damages the form, Heat damages the Qi. (See Yin Yang 1.)
Therefore, those who encounter Thief Wind and empty evil receive it in the Yang; receiving it in the Yang allows entry into the Six Fu Organs; entering the Six Fu Organs causes constant fever, inability to lie down at proper times, and upward manifestations of panting and calling. (See Diseases 13.)
Excess Yang results in Heat; Excess Yin results in Cold. Cold causes the True Qi to depart; departure leads to Deficiency; Deficiency causes Cold to contend between the skin and muscles. If Cold overcomes Heat, bones ache and muscles wither; if Heat overcomes Cold, flesh rots and muscles decay into pus, damaging bones internally, leading to bone erosion. (See Diseases 4.)
Cold causes Cou Li to close and Qi to stagnate, so Qi is retained. Heat causes Cou Li to open, Ying and Wei Qi to circulate freely, and profuse sweating, so Qi leaks out. (See Diseases 26.)
Excess Cold causes tendon spasms and bone pain; Excess Heat causes tendon flaccidity and bone consumption, muscle wasting and rupture, and hair becoming straight and ruined. (See Meridians 31.)
Excess Cold causes coagulation and stagnation, leading to blue-black complexion; Excess Heat causes liquidity and moisture, leading to yellow-red complexion. (See Pulse 35.)
Cold causes reverse bending and tendon stiffness; Heat causes tendon flaccidity and laxity, leading to impotence and dysfunction. Yang stiffness causes reverse bending; Yin stiffness causes flexion without extension. (See Diseases 69.)
Deficiency of Yin Qi causes internal Heat; Excess of Yang Qi causes external Heat. Internal and external Heat contend, feeling hotter than holding charcoal; externally fearing cotton or silk touching the body, unable to approach the body or sit on mats. (See Acupuncture Category 33.)
Diseases of the Three Yang manifest as alternating cold and heat. (See Diseases 6.)
What the Yang Ming meridian calls "shivering chills" occurs because Yang Ming corresponds to Wu hour; May is the Yin within excessive Yang. When Yang is excessive and Yin Qi adds to it, shivering chills occur. (See Diseases 11.)
Slight urgency in the Lung pulse indicates Lung Cold-Heat. Very small Spleen pulse indicates Cold-Heat. (See Pulse 19.)
Cun Kou pulse deep and weak, deep with panting, indicates Cold-Heat. Slow and slippery indicates Re Zhong (Internal Heat). Rough Chi pulse with constant heat is called Re Zhong. (See Pulse 16.)
Excessive Summer pulse causes body heat and skin pain, developing into Jin Yin (oozing sores). (See Pulse 10.)
Deep, fine, rapid, and scattered pulses indicate Cold-Heat. Pushing the pulse inward, if it stays external and does not go inward, the body has heat. (See Pulse 21.)
Consuming cold food enters the Stomach; cold travels up the Lung meridian to the Lung, causing Lung Cold; Lung Cold causes external and internal pathogens to combine. (See Diseases 52.)
Stagnation of Ying and Wei Qi, dispersion of Wei Qi and overflow of Ying Blood, exhaustion of Qi and stasis of Blood, manifest externally as fever and internally as shortness of breath. (See Meridians 8.)
Blood merging in Yang and Qi merging in Yin forms Jiong Zhong (Internal Heat Disease). (See Diseases 19.)
Inappropriate joy and anger, unregulated diet, and improper temperature regulation cause cold fluid to flow into the intestines. Flowing into the intestines, parasites become cold; cold parasites accumulate and stay at Xia Guan, causing intestinal fullness and distension, preventing Wei Qi from circulating, allowing evil Qi to reside there. (See Acupuncture 48.)
External cold and cold drinks injure the Lungs. (See Diseases 3.)
Internal heat causes rapid digestion of grain; rapid digestion causes parasites to move up and down; intestinal fullness causes Stomach laxity; Stomach laxity causes Qi rebellion, leading to spitting. (See Diseases 58.)
Qi deficiency with body heat is called "Reversal." Qi excess manifests as Heat; Qi deficiency manifests as Cold. (See Diseases 21.)
Pi Han Re (Skin Cold-Heat): Patient cannot lean on mats, hair is scorched, nose is dry and waxy. Ji Han Re (Muscle Cold-Heat): Muscle pain, hair scorched, lips dry and waxy. Gu Han Re (Bone Cold-Heat): Patient finds no rest, sweat pours continuously. If teeth are not yet withered, treat by taking Luo points of Shao Yin on the inner thigh; if teeth are withered, it is incurable death. Gu Jue is similar. (See Acupuncture 41.)
Heat in the palm center indicates heat in the abdomen; cold in the palm center indicates cold in the abdomen. Blue blood vessels visible on the white flesh above the大鱼际 (Thenar Eminence) indicate Cold in the Stomach. (See Pulse 18.)
Xiao Dan caused by internal heat should be treated with cold methods; categories of internal cold should be treated with heat methods. Heat in the Stomach digests grain rapidly, causing heart-hanging hunger and heat below the navel; Heat in the Intestines causes yellow mushy stool and cold below the navel. Cold in the Stomach causes abdominal distension; Cold in the Intestines causes borborygmus and undigested diarrhea. Cold in Stomach and Heat in Intestines cause distension and diarrhea; Heat in Stomach and Cold in Intestines cause frequent hunger and lower abdominal pain/distension. (See Treatment Principles 2.)
Blood and Qi prefer warmth and dislike cold. Cold causes stagnation and lack of flow; warmth causes dissolution and movement. (See Diseases 19.)
Those with small bones and weak flesh are prone to Cold-Heat diseases. (See Diseases 76.)
Not avoiding Heat brings Heat; not avoiding Cold brings Cold. Arrival of Cold causes hard masses, abdominal fullness, urgent pain, and diarrhea. Arrival of Heat causes body heat, vomiting/diarrhea Huo Luan, carbuncles and ulcers, mental confusion and depression, persistent diarrhea, swelling, vomiting, nasal congestion, epistaxis, headache, bone/joint changes with muscle pain, hemorrhage, and Lin syndrome. (See Yun Qi 20.)
Diagnosing prognosis of Cold-Heat: If red vessels extend upward to the pupil, seeing one vessel predicts death in one year; one and a half vessels, one and a half years; two vessels, two years; two and a half vessels, two and a half years; three vessels, three years. (See Pulse 33.)
When humans are sick from simultaneous injury, those with more Heat recover easily; those with more Cold are difficult to cure. (See Zang Xiang 22.)