〔曾〕口疮一证，形与名不同，故治法亦异。有发于未病之前，有生于已病之后，
大抵此疾不拘肥瘦，有血气盛者，又加将养过温，或心脾二经有热，或客热在胃，
熏逼上焦，而成其疮，此为实证，宜宣热拔毒，使无炎炽，自然作效，可用当归散
加升麻、干葛、黄芩，水姜葱灯心煎服，及投牛蒡汤、拔毒饮、木通散、点以消黄
散。若口内白烂于舌上，口外糜溃于唇弦，疮少而大，不甚为痛，常流清水，此因
脾胃虚热上蒸，内已先发、而后形于外，宜百解散疏表，当归散水姜枣煎服，和胃
气，理虚热，次投牛蒡汤、三解散，涂以绿袍散、立效饮、黄金散，或投天竺黄散、
地黄膏。若疮生于口角，是脾有积热，才开口，则燥痛，饮食多难，甚至再有外风
吹着，便觉坼裂，微有清血，谓之燕吻疮。治法同前药饵，轻者用甑盖上炊流汁涂
之，亦验。有口唇下成小片赤烂，此因饮食腻汁，淋漓不洁，盖以婴儿皮肉脆嫩，
浸渍成疮，及有风热乘之，名曰承浆疮，又谓之疳蚀疮，其所因者一也。治法同前
证内药剂。有无故口臭糜溃而不成疮，或服凉剂，或涂末药不能疗者，此名元焦。
故《叔和脉诀》曰∶阴数脾热并口臭。是脾家有虚热上攻于口，宜服回阳散，儿大
者用黑锡丹，早食前新汲水入盐少许，调匀送下，与正元气，及参苓白术散、调元
散、服之，以立效饮、黄金散、干点溃烂处，或用蒸蜜同熟水调点舌上，令其自化，
咽下无妨，仍忌毒物。
当归散（潮热） 牛蒡子汤（咽喉）
拔毒饮 解风热毒瓦斯上攻头项，浮肿作痛，发惊。又治发 。
天花粉（去粗皮，一两） 生地黄（净洗） 白芷 当归尾（酒洗） 桔梗（锉片，蜜水、炒
过） 甘草（五味各半两）
上锉。每服二钱，水一盏，煎七分，无时，温服。
木通散（淋） 消黄散（舌） 百解散（惊） 三解散（潮热） 绿袍散（舌）
立效饮 主口内、牙根、舌上、发疮作痛，致语言饮食不便。
净黄连（一两） 北细辛（去叶，二钱半） 玄明粉（二钱）
上细锉，或晒或焙，为末，仍同玄明粉乳钵内杵匀。每用一字，干点患处。或
以一钱，新汲井水调涂疮上。儿小者畏苦不肯点咽，用蜜水调敷患处，令其自化。
咽痛、茶清调下。
黄金散 解口内舌上疮毒。及治痘疮后目生翳膜。
黄柏（去粗皮，用生蜜润透，烈日晒干，再涂蜜晒，几十数次） 粉草（二味各一两）
上锉研为细末。治口疮，用药末干点患处，或用麦门冬熟水调点舌上，令其自
化。若痘疮后目生翳膜，汤泡澄清，无时，频洗，仍投糖煎散、柿煎散、二药。
天竺黄散 主上焦风热，口鼻生疮，两目赤肿，咽膈不利，涎壅、滞气不通畅，惊
搐烦闷，神思昏迷。
天竺黄 郁金（无，山栀仁代） 茯神（去皮根） 甘草（四味各半两） 硼砂 牙硝 白芷
川芎 僵蚕（去丝） 枳壳（麸炒微黄。各二钱半） 朱砂（水飞，二钱） 麝香（一字） 蝉
壳（十五枚，洗，去泥土嘴足）
上，除硼砂、牙硝、朱砂、麝香四味，乳钵细杵，余九味、焙干为末，同入乳
钵内，再杵匀。每服半钱或一钱，温薄荷汤无时调服。或麦门冬汤。
地黄膏 治口内舌上生疮作痛，饮食难进，昼夜烦啼。
山栀仁 绿豆粉（各一两半） 粉草（六钱）
上，或晒或焙，为末，用生地黄烂杵取汁一两半，好蜜一两半，以薄瓦器盛，
在铜铫中水煮成膏，稠糊相似，候冷，亭分入前药末，同在乳钵内再杵匀，丸芡
实大。每以一丸至二丸，麦门冬熟水无时化服。儿大者每用一丸，纳口内含化，
或以新汲水调点舌上。
回阳散（吐泻） 黑锡丹（大科头痛） 参苓白术散（不能食） 调元散（解颅）
〔薛〕诸疳口疮，因乳哺失节，或母食膏粱积热，或乳母七情郁火所致。其证，
口舌齿龈如生疮状，若发热作渴饮冷，额间色赤，左寸脉洪数者，此属心经，先用
导赤散清心火，次用地黄丸滋肾水。若寒热作渴，左颊青赤，左关脉弦洪者，属肝
经，先用柴胡栀子散清肝火，次用六味地黄丸生肝血。若两腮黄赤，牙龈腐烂，大
便酸臭，右关脉洪数，按之则缓者，属脾经，用四味肥儿丸治脾火，以五味异功散
补脾气。若发热咳嗽，右腮色赤，右寸脉洪数，按之涩者，属肺经，先用清肺饮治
肺火，用五味异功散补脾胃。若发热作渴，两颏黧色，左尺脉数者，属肾经不足，
先用六味地黄丸以生肾水，次用补中益气汤以生肺气。又有走马疳者，因病后脾胃
气血伤损，虚火上炎，或痘疹余毒上攻，其患甚速，急用铜碌散、大芜荑汤，轻则
牙龈腐烂，唇吻腮肿，重则牙龈蚀露，颊腮透烂。若饮食不入，喘促痰甚，此脾胃
虚而肺气败也。颊腮赤腐，不知痛者，此胃气虚甚而肉死也。并不治。
经云∶手少阴之经通于舌，足太阴之经通于口，因心脾二经有热，则口舌生疮
也。当察面图部位，分经络虚实而药之。若元气无亏，暴病口生白屑或重舌者，用
乱发缠指，蘸井花水揩之，或刺出毒血，以柳花散敷之，上若肿胀或有泡
者，并令刺破，敷前散，或以青黛搽之，刺后又生，又刺。若唇吻坼裂者，用当归
膏调柳花散敷之。若元气亏损，或服寒凉之药，或兼作呕少食者，此虚热也，用五
味异功散加升麻、柴胡。若泄泻作渴者，脾胃虚弱也，用七味白术散。若腹痛恶寒
者，脾胃虚寒也，用六君、姜、桂。若因母食酒面煎爆者，用清胃散。若因母饮食
劳役者，用补中益气汤。肝脾血虚者，用加味逍遥散。郁怒内热者，用加味归脾汤，
母子并服。若泥用降火，必变慢脾风矣，仍参吐舌弄舌治之。凡针重舌，以线针直
刺，不可横挑，恐伤舌络，致言语不清也。
〔东垣〕清胃散 治胃经有热，齿牙作痛，或饮冷作渴，口舌生疮，或唇口肿痛，
连头面，或重舌马牙，吐舌流涎。若因服克伐之剂，脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或弄
舌流涎，或呕吐困睡、大便不实者，用五味异功散。
升麻（五分） 生地黄（四分） 黄连 牡丹皮（各三分） 当归稍（四分）
上，水煎服，婴儿母亦服。
清热消毒散 治实热口舌生疮，及一切疮疡肿痛，形病俱实者。
黄连（炒） 山栀（炒） 连翘 当归（各五分） 川芎 芍药（炒） 生地黄（各六分）
金银花（一钱） 甘草（二分）
上，水煎服，婴儿母同服。
四君子汤 治脾气虚热，口舌生疮，或但胃气复伤，饮食少思，或食而难化，若作
呕泄泻，尤宜用之。如兼痰嗽气逆，肢体倦怠，面目浮肿，宜用六君子汤。
六君子汤 治脾胃气虚，吐泻不食，肌肉消瘦，或肺虚痰嗽，喘促恶寒，或惊搐口
直口噤诸证。（二立见不能食）
五味异功散 治脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或因误服克伐之剂，脾胃复伤而口舌生疮，
或弄舌流涎，吐泻不止，饮食少思，或惊搐痰嗽，睡而露睛，手足并冷。若母有
病致儿患者，子母并服。
柳叶散 治热毒口疮。
黄柏（炒） 蒲黄 青黛（真正者） 人中白（ 。各等分）
上为末。敷之。
〔简〕如圣散 治小儿口疮，不能吃乳者。江子一粒或二粒，研烂不去油，入朱砂、
黄丹、敷纸绢上，少许剃开小儿囟门，贴在囟上，如四边起粟米泡，便用温水洗
去药，恐成疮，更用菖蒲水洗，其效如神。
〔世〕南星膏 治口疮小儿难用药。以大天南星去皮，取中心龙眼大为末，却用酸醋
涂脚心，甚妙。
〔千〕治小儿口疮饮乳不得。以白矾如鸡子大，置醋中，涂儿足底，二七次即愈。
〔无〕牡蛎散 治小儿口疮。
牡蛎（ 通红，取出、候冷，研细，纸裹，入土中七日、出毒，三钱） 甘草（炙，为末，一钱）
上，和匀。时时挑少许掺口中，或吐，皆无害。
〔田〕口疮治法，乳母同儿宜服洗心散、泻心汤，后用黄柏末研细糁之。（泻心汤方，黄连一
味，为末，蜜水调，不可煎）
〔汤〕治口疮验方
黄柏（蜜炙赤，半两） 青黛（一分）
上二件，为末。频糁口内愈。
〔斗〕口疮，服凉药不愈者，此中焦气不足，虚火泛上，宜附子理中汤。
【曾世荣】口疮这一病证，其形态与名称并不完全对应，因此治疗方法也各不相同。有的发生在疾病未发之前，有的产生于疾病发生之后。大抵这种病症不论患者胖瘦，若是血气旺盛之人，又加上喂养过于温热，或者心经、脾经有热，或者外感的热邪停留在胃中，熏蒸逼迫上焦，从而形成疮疡，这属于实证，适宜用宣散热邪、拔除毒邪的方法，使火热不再炽盛，自然能见效。可以使用当归散加入升麻、干葛、黄芩，用水、生姜、葱白、灯心草煎服；也可以服用牛蒡子汤、拔毒饮、木通散，并在患处点涂消黄散。如果口腔内舌面上出现白色糜烂，口腔外嘴唇边缘溃烂，疮疡数量少但面积大，疼痛不剧烈，经常流出清稀液体，这是因为脾胃虚热向上蒸腾，内部先发病变而后表现在外部，适宜用百解散疏解表邪，用当归散加水、生姜、大枣煎服以调和胃气、调理虚热，随后再投予牛蒡子汤、三解散，并涂抹绿袍散、立效饮、黄金散，或者服用天竺黄散、地黄膏。如果疮疡生在口角处，这是脾脏有积热，刚张开嘴就会感到干燥疼痛，饮食大多困难，甚至再有外风吹袭，就会觉得裂开，微微流出清血，这叫作燕吻疮。治疗方法同前面的药物，轻症可以用蒸笼盖上流下的冷凝水汁液涂抹，也有效。有的人口唇下方成片发红糜烂，这是因为饮食油腻汤汁淋漓不洁，因为婴儿皮肤肌肉脆嫩，浸泡后形成疮疡，再加上风热侵袭，名叫承浆疮，又叫疳蚀疮，其成因是一样的。治疗方法同前证内的药剂。有的人无故口臭、糜烂却不形成疮疡，或者服用凉药、涂抹药粉不能治愈的，这名叫元焦。所以《叔和脉诀》说：“阴数（脉象细快）是脾热并伴有口臭。”这是脾家有虚热向上攻冲至口部，适宜服用回阳散，年龄较大的儿童可用黑锡丹，早晨进食前用新汲取的凉水加少许盐，调匀送下，以补益元气，以及参苓白术散、调元散，服用这些药物，并用立效饮、黄金散干掺在溃烂处，或者用蒸熟的蜂蜜同熟水调匀点在舌上，让它自行融化，咽下去也无妨，仍然要忌食有毒食物。
当归散（主治潮热） 牛蒡子汤（主治咽喉病）
拔毒饮：解除风热毒瓦斯上攻头项，导致浮肿疼痛，引发惊悸。又治疗痘疹。
天花粉（去掉粗皮，一两） 生地黄（洗净） 白芷 当归尾（酒洗） 桔梗（切片，用蜜水炒过） 甘草（五味各半两）
以上药材切碎。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，煎至七分，随时温服。
木通散（主治淋证） 消黄散（主治舌病） 百解散（主治惊风） 三解散（主治潮热） 绿袍散（主治舌病）
立效饮：主治口腔内、牙根、舌上生疮疼痛，导致语言饮食不便。
净黄连（一两） 北细辛（去叶，二钱半） 玄明粉（二钱）
以上细细切碎，或晒干或焙干，研为粉末，仍同玄明粉在乳钵内捣匀。每次取一字量，干掺在患处。或者用一钱，新汲井水调匀涂抹在疮上。幼儿害怕苦味不肯吞咽点涂，用蜜水调敷患处，让它自行融化。若咽痛，用茶清调下。
黄金散：解除口腔内舌上的疮毒。又治疗痘疮痊愈后眼睛生翳膜。
黄柏（去掉粗皮，用生蜜润透，烈日晒干，再涂蜜晒，几十次） 粉草（这两味各一两）
以上切碎研为细末。治疗口疮，用药末干掺患处，或者用麦门冬熟水调点舌上，让它自行融化。若痘疮后眼睛生翳膜，用开水冲泡澄清，随时频繁清洗，仍配合糖煎散、柿煎散这两种药。
天竺黄散：主治上焦风热，口鼻生疮，两眼红肿，咽喉膈部不利，涎液壅滞，气机不通畅，惊搐烦闷，神思昏迷。
天竺黄 郁金（若无，可用山栀仁代替） 茯神（去皮根） 甘草（四味各半两） 硼砂 牙硝 白芷 川芎 僵蚕（去丝） 枳壳（麸炒微黄，各二钱半） 朱砂（水飞法处理，二钱） 麝香（一字） 蝉壳（十五枚，洗净，去掉泥土嘴足）
以上，除了硼砂、牙硝、朱砂、麝香这四味药在乳钵内细杵外，其余九味药焙干研末，一同放入乳钵内，再捣匀。每次服用半钱或一钱，随时用温薄荷汤调服。或者用麦门冬汤。
地黄膏：治疗口腔内舌上生疮疼痛，饮食难进，昼夜烦躁啼哭。
山栀仁 绿豆粉（各一两半） 粉草（六钱）
以上，或晒干或焙干，研为粉末，用生地黄烂杵取汁一两半，好蜂蜜一两半，用薄瓦器盛装，在铜锅中水煮成膏，稠糊状相似，冷却后，分成份加入前药末，同在乳钵内再捣匀，制成芡实大小的丸剂。每次用一至二丸，麦门冬熟水随时化服。年龄较大的儿童每次用一丸，含在口中慢慢融化，或者用新汲水调点舌上。
回阳散（主治吐泻） 黑锡丹（主治成人头痛） 参苓白术散（主治不能进食） 调元散（主治解颅）
【薛己】各种疳疾引起的口疮，是因为哺乳喂养失节，或者母亲食用膏粱厚味导致积热，或者乳母七情郁结化火所致。其症状表现为口舌齿龈像生了疮一样，如果发热口渴想喝冷水，额头颜色红赤，左寸脉洪数，这属于心经病变，先用导赤散清心火，其次用地黄丸滋肾水。如果寒热交替口渴，左颊青赤，左关脉弦洪，属于肝经病变，先用柴胡栀子散清肝火，其次用六味地黄丸生肝血。如果两腮黄赤，牙龈腐烂，大便酸臭，右关脉洪数，按之则缓，属于脾经病变，用四味肥儿丸治脾火，以五味异功散补脾气。如果发热咳嗽，右腮色赤，右寸脉洪数，按之涩，属于肺经病变，先用清肺饮治肺火，用五味异功散补脾胃。如果发热口渴，两颏颜色黧黑，左尺脉数，属于肾经不足，先用六味地黄丸以生肾水，其次用补中益气汤以生肺气。又有走马疳，因为病后脾胃气血损伤，虚火上炎，或者痘疹余毒上攻，其患病速度极快，急用铜碌散、大芜荑汤，轻则牙龈腐烂，嘴唇脸颊肿胀，重则牙龈蚀露，脸颊腮帮透烂。如果饮食不入，喘促痰多，这是脾胃虚而肺气败绝。脸颊腮帮赤腐，不知疼痛，这是胃气极度虚弱而肌肉死坏。都不治。
经文说：手少阴心经通于舌，足太阴脾经通于口，因为心脾二经有热，所以口舌生疮。应当观察面部图部位，分辨经络虚实而用药。如果元气没有亏损，突发疾病口生白屑或重舌的，用乱发缠在手指上，蘸井花水擦拭，或者刺出毒血，用柳花散敷贴。上面如果有肿胀或有泡的，都令刺破，敷前散，或者用青黛搽抹，刺后又生，再刺。如果嘴唇裂开，用当归膏调柳花散敷贴。如果元气亏损，或者服用寒凉药物，或者兼有呕吐少食的，这是虚热，用五味异功散加升麻、柴胡。如果泄泻口渴，是脾胃虚弱，用七味白术散。如果腹痛恶寒，是脾胃虚寒，用六君子汤加生姜、肉桂。如果因母亲食用酒面煎炸食物，用清胃散。如果因母亲饮食劳役，用补中益气汤。肝脾血虚者，用加味逍遥散。郁怒内热者，用加味归脾汤，母子同时服用。如果拘泥于使用降火药，必定会变成慢脾风，仍参考吐舌弄舌的治疗方法。凡是针刺重舌，用线针直刺，不可横挑，恐怕损伤舌络，导致言语不清。
【李东垣】清胃散：治疗胃经有热，牙齿疼痛，或者喝冷饮口渴，口舌生疮，或者嘴唇口部肿痛，连及头面，或者重舌马牙，吐舌流涎。如果因服用克伐药物，导致脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或者弄舌流涎，或者呕吐困睡、大便不成形，用五味异功散。
升麻（五分） 生地黄（四分） 黄连 牡丹皮（各三分） 当归稍（四分）
以上，水煎服，婴儿母亲也服用。
清热消毒散：治疗实热口舌生疮，以及一切疮疡肿痛，形体与病情都属实的。
黄连（炒） 山栀（炒） 连翘 当归（各五分） 川芎 芍药（炒） 生地黄（各六分） 金银花（一钱） 甘草（二分）
以上，水煎服，婴儿母亲同服。
四君子汤：治疗脾气虚热，口舌生疮，或者仅胃气再次受伤，饮食少思，或者吃了难以消化，如果作呕泄泻，尤其适宜使用。如果兼有痰嗽气逆，肢体倦怠，面目浮肿，宜用六君子汤。
六君子汤：治疗脾胃气虚，吐泻不食，肌肉消瘦，或者肺虚痰嗽，喘促恶寒，或者惊搐口直口噤诸证。（二立见不能食）
五味异功散：治疗脾胃虚热，口舌生疮，或者因误服克伐药物，脾胃再次受伤而口舌生疮，或者弄舌流涎，吐泻不止，饮食少思，或者惊搐痰嗽，睡觉时眼睛外露，手脚冰冷。如果母亲有病导致孩子患病，母子并服。
柳叶散：治疗热毒口疮。
黄柏（炒） 蒲黄 青黛（真正的） 人中白（煅）。各等分
以上为粉末。敷贴。
【简】如圣散：治疗小儿口疮，不能吃奶的。江子一粒或二粒，研烂不去油，加入朱砂、黄丹，敷在纸绢上，少许剃开小儿囟门，贴在囟上，如果四边起粟米泡，便用温水洗去药，恐怕成疮，再用菖蒲水洗，其效如神。
【世】南星膏：治疗口疮小儿难用药。以大天南星去皮，取中心龙眼大为末，却用酸醋涂脚心，甚妙。
【千】治疗小儿口疮饮乳不得。以白矾如鸡蛋大，置于醋中，涂儿足底，十四次即愈。
【无】牡蛎散：治疗小儿口疮。
牡蛎（煅通红，取出，候冷，研细，纸裹，入土中七日，去毒，三钱） 甘草（炙，为末，一钱）
以上，和匀。时时挑少许掺入口中，或者吐出，都无害。
【田】口疮治疗方法，乳母同儿宜服洗心散、泻心汤，后用黄柏末研细糁之。（泻心汤方，黄连一味，为末，蜜水调，不可煎）
[Zeng Shirong] The syndrome of mouth sores (Kou Chuang), in terms of its morphology and nomenclature, is not uniform; therefore, treatment methods also vary. Some occur before the onset of disease, while others arise after the disease has manifested. Generally speaking, this condition affects individuals regardless of their body constitution (fat or thin). If a person has abundant Qi and Blood (Qi Xue) but is over-warmed through nursing care, or if there is heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians, or exogenous heat retained in the Stomach steaming upwards to affect the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), sores will form. This is considered an Excess Syndrome (Shi Zheng), suitable for treatments that disperse heat and extract toxins to prevent excessive inflammation, which will naturally yield results. One may use Danggui San (Angelica Decoction) added with Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gange (Puerariae Radix), and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), decocted with water, fresh ginger, scallion, and Dengxincao (Junci Medulla). Alternatively, one may administer Niubangzi Tang (Arctii Decoction), Badu Yin (Toxin-Extracting Drink), Mutong San (Akebia Powder), and apply Xiaohuang San (Yellow-Reduction Powder) topically. If white erosion appears on the tongue inside the mouth, and ulceration occurs on the lips outside, with few but large sores that are not very painful and often discharge clear fluid, this is due to deficiency-heat of the Spleen and Stomach steaming upwards. The pathology originates internally and manifests externally. It is appropriate to use Baijie San (Hundred-Resolution Powder) to release the exterior, and Danggui San decocted with water, fresh ginger, and jujube to harmonize Stomach Qi and regulate deficiency-heat. Subsequently, Niubangzi Tang and Sansanjie San (Three-Release Powder) may be administered, along with topical application of Lvpaosan (Green-Robe Powder), Lixiaoyin (Rapid-Efficacy Drink), or Huangjin San (Golden Powder). Alternatively, Tianzhuhuang San (Calami Decoction) or Dihuang Gao (Rehmannia Ointment) may be used. If sores appear at the corners of the mouth, it indicates accumulated heat in the Spleen; upon opening the mouth, dryness and pain are felt, making eating difficult. If exposed to external wind, cracking occurs with slight bleeding, known as Yanwen Chuang (Swallow-Kiss Sore). Treatment follows the previous prescriptions. For mild cases, condensation water from a steamer lid can be applied, which is also effective. Small patches of red erosion below the lower lip, caused by oily food residues dripping and failing to be cleaned, lead to sores due to the tender skin of infants being macerated, compounded by wind-heat invasion. This is named Chengjiang Chuang (Chengjiang Sore) or Gan Shi Chuang (Carious Erosion Sore), sharing the same etiology. Treatment follows the medications listed for the previous syndromes. If there is spontaneous bad breath and erosion without forming distinct sores, or if cooling agents and topical powders fail to cure, it is called Yuanjiao (Original Scorched). As stated in *Shuhe Maijue* (Shuhe's Pulse Manual): "Yin pulse with rapidity indicates Spleen heat accompanied by bad breath." This signifies deficiency-heat in the Spleen attacking the mouth. It is suitable to take Huiyang San (Return-Yang Powder). For older children, Heixi Dan (Black Tin Pill) can be taken early in the morning before meals, mixed with fresh well water and a little salt, to tonify original Qi, along with Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) and Tiaoyuan San (Regulate-Origin Powder). Topically, apply Lixiaoyin, Huangjin San dry powder to ulcers, or mix steamed honey with warm water to apply on the tongue to dissolve spontaneously; swallowing is harmless. Avoid toxic foods.
Danggui San (for tidal fever) | Niubangzi Tang (for throat conditions)
Badu Yin: Resolves wind-heat toxin attacking the head and neck, causing swelling and pain, and inducing fright. Also treats eruptive diseases.
Tianhuafen (remove coarse bark, 1 liang) | Shengdihuang (cleaned) | Baizhi | Dangguiwei (wine-washed) | Jiegeng (sliced, stir-fried with honey water) | Gancao (each half liang of five flavors)
Crush these ingredients. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct with 1 cup of water until 0.7 cup remains, and take warm at any time.
Mutong San (for strangury) | Xiaohuang San (for tongue conditions) | Baijie San (for fright) | Sansanjie San (for tidal fever) | Lvpaosan (for tongue conditions)
Lixiaoyin: Mainly treats sores and pain in the mouth, gums, and tongue, causing difficulty in speech and eating.
Jing Huanglian (1 liang) | Bei Xixin (remove leaves, 2.5 qian) | Xuanmingfen (2 qian)
Finely crush, sun-dry or bake, and grind into powder. Mix thoroughly with Xuanmingfen in a mortar. Use a small amount ("one character" measure) to sprinkle dryly on the affected area. Or mix 1 qian with fresh well water and apply to the sore. If the child fears the bitter taste and refuses to swallow, mix with honey water and apply locally to dissolve. For sore throat, take with tea infusion.
Huangjin San: Resolves toxin of sores in the mouth and tongue. Also treats corneal opacity following smallpox.
Huangbai (remove coarse bark, moisten with raw honey, dry in strong sun, repeat coating with honey and drying dozens of times) | Fengan (Licorice Root, each 1 liang)
Crush and grind into fine powder. For mouth sores, sprinkle dry powder on the lesion, or mix with Ophiopogon decoction to apply on the tongue to dissolve. For corneal opacity after smallpox, brew with hot water, let settle, and wash frequently at any time. Also administer Tangjian San and Shijian San.
Tianzhuhuang San: Treats wind-heat in the Upper Jiao, sores in mouth and nose, red and swollen eyes, pharyngeal obstruction, phlegm congestion, stagnant Qi, fright convulsions, irritability, and coma.
Tianzhuhuang | Yujin (substitute with Zhizi Ren if unavailable) | Fushen (remove skin and roots) | Gancao (each half liang of four flavors) | Pengsha | Yaxiao | Baizhi | Chuanxiong | Jiangcan (remove silk) | Zhike (bran-stir-fried until slightly yellow, each 2.5 qian) | Zhusha (water-triturated, 2 qian) | Muxiang (one character) | Chanqiao (15 pieces, washed, remove dirt, beak, and feet)
Except for Pengsha, Yaxiao, Zhusha, and Muxiang which are finely triturated in a mortar, the remaining nine herbs are baked, dried, ground, and mixed together in the mortar. Take 0.5 or 1 qian, mixed with warm Mentha decoction at any time. Or use Ophiopogon decoction.
Dihuang Gao: Treats sores and pain in the mouth and tongue, difficulty in eating, and day-and-night irritability and crying.
Zhizi Ren | Lüdoufen (each 1.5 liang) | Fengan (6 qian)
Dry or bake, grind into powder. Extract juice from mashed fresh Rehmannia root (1.5 liang) and mix with good honey (1.5 liang). Boil in a thin pottery vessel over a copper pot until it becomes a thick paste-like ointment. Cool, divide into portions, mix with the herbal powder, and triturate again in a mortar. Form pills the size of a Chinese date seed. Take 1-2 pills dissolved in Ophiopogon decoction at any time. Older children may hold one pill in the mouth to dissolve slowly, or apply with fresh well water to the tongue.
Huiyang San (for vomiting and diarrhea) | Heixi Dan (for severe headache in adults) | Shenling Baizhu San (for anorexia) | Tiaoyuan San (for craniotabes/open fontanelle)
[Xue Ji] Various mouth sores caused by Gan (wasting-thirst) syndrome result from irregular nursing, maternal consumption of rich/greasy foods leading to accumulated heat, or emotional stagnation transforming into fire in the lactating mother. Symptoms include sores resembling lesions on the tongue, teeth, and gums. If accompanied by fever, thirst for cold drinks, red forehead, and a surging-rapid pulse at the left Cun position, it belongs to the Heart Meridian. First use Daochi San to clear Heart Fire, then use Dihuang Wan to nourish Kidney Water. If alternating chills and fever with thirst, blue-red left cheek, and wiry-surge pulse at the left Guan position, it belongs to the Liver Meridian. First use Chaihu Zhizi San to clear Liver Fire, then use Liuwei Dihuang Wan to generate Liver Blood. If yellow-red cheeks, rotting gums, sour-smelling stool, and a surging-rapid yet slow-on-pressure pulse at the right Guan position, it belongs to the Spleen Meridian. Use Siwei Fei'er Wan to treat Spleen Fire, and Wuwei Yigong San to tonify Spleen Qi. If fever with cough, red right cheek, and surging-rapid yet choppy pulse at the right Cun position, it belongs to the Lung Meridian. First use Qingfei Yin to treat Lung Fire, and Wuwei Yigong San to tonify Spleen and Stomach. If fever with thirst, dark chin color, and rapid pulse at the left Chi position, it indicates Kidney Meridian insufficiency. First use Liuwei Dihuang Wan to generate Kidney Water, then use Buzhong Yiqi Tang to generate Lung Qi. There is also Zouma Gan (Running-Horse Gangrene), which occurs rapidly due to Qi and Blood damage to the Spleen and Stomach after illness, with deficiency-fire flaring up, or residual toxicity from pox attacking upwards. Mild cases show gum rot and lip/cheek swelling; severe cases show exposed eroded gums and perforated cheeks. If food cannot enter, with panting and profuse phlegm, this indicates Spleen/Stomach deficiency and Lung Qi failure. If cheeks are red and rotting but painless, this indicates extreme Stomach Qi deficiency and muscle necrosis. Both are incurable.
The Classics state: The Hand-Shaoyin (Heart) meridian connects to the tongue, and the Foot-Taiyin (Spleen) meridian connects to the mouth. Heat in the Heart and Spleen meridians causes mouth and tongue sores. Observe facial areas to differentiate meridian excess and deficiency for treatment. If Original Qi is intact but acute disease presents with white flakes or double tongue (Chong She), wrap loose hair around a finger, dip in spring water to wipe, or prick to drain toxic blood, then apply Liuhua San. If swelling or blisters occur, prick them and apply the powder, or apply Qingdai. If they recur, prick again. For cracked lips, use Danggui Gao mixed with Liuhua San. If Original Qi is deficient, or after taking cold-cooling medicines, or with vomiting and poor appetite indicating deficiency-heat, use Wuwei Yigong San added with Shengma and Chaihu. If diarrhea with thirst indicates Spleen/Stomach weakness, use Qiwei Baizhu San. If abdominal pain with aversion to cold indicates Spleen/Stomach deficiency-cold, use Liujun Zi Tang added with Shengjiang and Rougui. If caused by the mother consuming alcohol/wheat/fried foods, use Qingwei San. If caused by maternal dietary labor, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang. For Liver/Spleen Blood deficiency, use Jiawei Xiaoyao San. For internal heat from depression/anger, use Jiawei Guipi Tang, taken by both mother and child. Stubborn use of fire-reducing drugs may transform into Man Pi Feng (Slow Spleen Wind); refer to treatments for Tongue-Protrusion and Tongue-Playing. For acupuncture of double tongue, use a thread-needle for direct vertical insertion, do not pick horizontally to avoid damaging tongue collaterals and causing speech impairment.
[Li Dongyuan] Qingwei San: Treats Stomach Meridian heat causing tooth pain, thirst after cold drinks, mouth/tongue sores, lip/mouth swelling extending to the head/face, double tongue, horse-teeth, tongue protrusion, and salivation. If caused by harsh purgatives leading to Spleen/Stomach deficiency-heat, mouth/tongue sores, tongue-playing, salivation, vomiting, drowsiness, or loose stools, use Wuwei Yigong San.
Shengma (5 fen) | Shengdihuang (4 fen) | Huanglian | Mudanpi (each 3 fen) | Dangguishao (4 fen)
Decoct in water and take. The infant’s mother should also take it.
Qingre Xiaodu San: Treats excess-heat mouth/tongue sores and all swellings/pains of sores where both form and pathology are excess.
Huanglian (stir-fried) | Zhizi (stir-fried) | Lianqiao | Danggui (each 5 fen) | Chuanxiong | Shaoyao (stir-fried) | Shengdihuang (each 6 fen) | Jinyinhua (1 qian) | Gancao (2 fen)
Decoct in water and take. The infant’s mother takes it simultaneously.
Sijun Zi Tang: Treats Spleen Qi deficiency-heat, mouth/tongue sores, or recurrent Stomach Qi injury with poor appetite/digestion. Especially suitable if accompanied by vomiting/diarrhea. If accompanied by phlegm-cough, Qi rebellion, limb fatigue, and facial edema, use Liujun Zi Tang.
Liujun Zi Tang: Treats Spleen/Stomach Qi deficiency with vomiting/diarrhea/anorexia, emaciation, or Lung deficiency with phlegm-cough, panting, aversion to cold, or fright convulsions with jaw stiffness/clenching. (See Erli Jian for anorexia).
Wuwei Yigong San: Treats Spleen/Stomach deficiency-heat, mouth/tongue sores, or sores recurring after mistaken use of harsh purgatives damaging the Spleen/Stomach. Also treats tongue-playing, salivation, persistent vomiting/diarrhea, poor appetite, fright convulsions, phlegm-cough, sleeping with eyes open, and cold extremities. If the mother is ill causing the child’s illness, both take it.
Liuye San: Treats heat-toxin mouth sores.
Huangbai (stir-fried) | Puhuang | Qingdai (authentic) | Renzhongbai (calcined). Equal parts
Grind into powder. Apply.
[Jian] Rusheng San: Treats pediatric mouth sores preventing breastfeeding. Grind 1-2 Jiangzi seeds without removing oil, mix with Zhusha and Huandan, spread on paper/silk. Shave a small area of the infant’s fontanelle and apply the patch. If millet-grain blisters appear around the edges, wash off with warm water to prevent further sores, then wash with Changpu water. Effect is miraculous.
[Shi] Nanxing Gao: For pediatric mouth sores difficult to medicate. Peel Datian Nanxing, take the center walnut-sized part, grind to powder. Apply vinegar to the soles of the feet. Very effective.
[Qian] Treat pediatric mouth sores preventing breastfeeding. Place alum the size of a chicken egg in vinegar, apply to the soles of the feet. After 14 applications, it cures.
[Wu] Musan San: Treats pediatric mouth sores.
Muli (calcined until red-hot, cooled, finely ground, wrapped in paper, buried in earth for 7 days to remove toxicity, 3 qian) | Gancao (roasted, powdered, 1 qian)
Mix evenly. Sprinkle small amounts into the mouth occasionally. Vomiting is harmless.
[Tian] For mouth sores, the lactating mother and child should take Xixin San and Xiexin Tang, followed by applying fine Huangbai powder. (Xiexin Tang formula: Huanglian alone, powdered, mixed with honey water, do not decoct).
[Tang] Verified prescription for mouth sores
Huangbai (honey-roasted until red, half liang) | Qingdai (1 fen)
Grind both into powder. Frequently sprinkle into the mouth to cure.
[Dou] For mouth sores unresponsive to cooling medicines, this indicates Middle Jiao Qi insufficiency with floating deficiency-fire. Use Fuzi Lizhong Tang.