重伤矣。）邪客于足少阴之络。令人嗌痛。不可内食。无故善怒。气上走贲上。刺足下中央之脉各三 。凡六刺。立已。
左刺右。右刺左。嗌中肿。不能内。唾时不能出唾者。刺然骨之前。出血立已。左刺右。右刺左。（内叶讷贲音奔。此邪
客于络而并于经者。亦当以缪取也。足少阴之络。其别者。并经上走于心包下。其经脉贯肝膈。循喉咙。其支者。从肺
出络心。注胸中。邪客于络而并入于经。迫其心火上炎。故令人嗌痛。不可内食。上逆于肝膈。则无故善怒也。贲者。
胃之贲门。肾气上通于胃。故气上走贲上。宜刺足下中央之涌泉。左右各三 。凡六刺。立已。如甚至嗌中肿而唾亦不
能出内者。此君相之火并炽也。当刺然谷前之络脉。出血立已。此邪客于络而并于经。经脉上络于心。络脉上走于心包
下。先见经证。故先刺经脉之涌泉。后并见络证。故复刺然谷前之络脉。盖大络乃经脉之别。血气之相通者也。）邪客于
足太阴之络。令人腰痛。引少腹控 。不可以仰息。刺腰尻之解。两胂之上。是腰俞。以月死生为 数。发针立已。左
刺右。右刺左。（足太阴之别。名曰公孙。去本节之后一寸。别走阳明。其别者。入络肠胃。王冰曰。足太阴之络。从髀
合阳明。上贯尻骨中。与厥阴少阳。结于下 。而循尻骨。内入腹。故邪客之。令人腰痛。引少腹控肋 也。络循于腹。
故不可以仰息。腰尻骨间曰解。挟脊之肉曰胂。腰尻之解。两胂之上。是腰俞也。以日生死为 数。发针立已。盖脾主
肌肉。肌腠之间。乃卫气之出入。故以月为 数。）邪客于足太阳之络。令人拘挛背急。引胁而痛。刺之从项始。数脊椎。
挟脊疾按之。应手如痛。刺之旁三 。立已。（此邪客于络而入于经者。即当取之经也。夫筋挛背急。引胁而痛。足太阳
之经证也。故刺之当从项之大椎始。数脊椎而下。挟脊疾按之。应手如痛。即于脊骨之旁。刺之三 。立已。盖十五大
络。乃十二经脉之别。交相贯通者也。故邪客于络而为络病者。则缪取之。如邪客于络。转入于经而为经病者。即随经
脉之痛处而取之也。）邪客于足少阳之络。令人留于枢中痛。髀不可举。刺枢中以毫针。寒则久留针。以月死生为数。立
已。（此言邪留其处而为痛者。亦当随其痛处而取之也。枢中、髀枢之中。两髀厌分中。即环跳二穴。毫针取法于毫毛。
长一寸六分。主寒热痛痹之在络者。故当以毫针刺枢中。寒则久留针以待阳热之气。至以月生死为数。立已。按邪舍于
络。有随络气而留行者。则缪取之。有客于络而转入于经者。有客于络而留其处者。皆随其痛处而刺之。盖邪气之无经
常也。少阳主初生之气。故亦以月生死为 数。）治诸经刺之所过者。不病。则缪刺之。（此复申明治诸经者。亦有缪
刺之法也。经、经别也。足太阳之正。别入 中。其一道下尻五寸。别入于肛。属于胱胱。散之肾。足少阴之正。至
中。别走太阳而合。上至肾。足少阳之正。绕髀入毛际。合于厥阴。别者入季胁之间。循胸里属胆。散之上肝。足厥阴
之正。别跗上。上至毛际。合于少阳。足阳明之正。上至髀。入于腹里属胃。散之脾。足太阴之正。上至髀。合于阳明。
手太阳之正。指地别于肩解。入腋走心。系小肠。手少阴之正。别入渊腋两筋之间。属于心。上走喉咙。出于面。合目
内。手太阳之正。指天别于巅。下走三焦。散于胸中。手心主之正。别下渊腋三寸。入胸中。别属三焦。手阳明之正。
从手循膺乳。下走大肠。属于肺。上循喉咙。手太阴之正。别入渊腋少阴之前。入走肺。散之太阳。上出缺盆。复合阳
明。此十二经之别脉。亦阳走阴而阴走阳者也。故治在诸经者巨刺之。如邪在所过者不病。是邪盛于左而病反在右。邪
在于右而病反在左。或邪在于阳之经。而移易于阴经者。或在阴之经。而移易于阳经者。又当左取右而右取左也。按以
上十二经别。亦皆系于五脏。是以下文论邪客于五脏之间。引脉而痛者。当缪取之也。）耳聋。刺手阳明。不已。刺其通
脉出耳前者。（此言经别之与经脉相通也。夫十二经正。乃十二经脉之别。道路虽分。其源流通贯。故刺经不已。当复刺
其脉焉。通脉出于耳前者。谓手阳明之脉。上出于耳前。循禾 迎香。而通于足阳明胃脉者。耳聋刺手阳明者。承上文
而言邪客于手阳明之经而病耳聋者。则当治其经。如不已。此邪入于脉。即取耳前之脉以刺之。则其病立已矣。）齿龋。
刺手阳明。不已。刺其脉入齿中。立已。（龋音区。齿龋、齿痛也。此言邪客于手阳明之经别。而为齿痛者。则当取之经。
如不已。此邪入于脉。即刺其入齿中之脉。举一经而十二经可类推矣。然独提手阳明者何也。手阳明之脉。交人中而左
之右。右之左。如病在耳而取之耳。痛在齿而取之齿。是随其病之所在而取之。若病在上而取之下。又当以缪刺者也。
上章论大络与经脉相通。此论经别与经脉相通。上章论邪客于足阳明之经。下节论缪传引上齿痛。皆病在上而取之下。
所当缪刺。此论邪在于手阳明之脉。病在上而取之上者。不必缪刺。盖手足阳明之经。皆左右相交于人中承浆之间。言
缪刺之证。不则大络之奇病。如十二经别。足阳跷之脉。及手足阳明二经。皆有缪刺之证。当知缪刺者。因经脉之左右
互交而取之也。）邪客于五脏之间。其病也。脉引而痛。时来时止。视其病。缪刺之。于手足爪甲上。视其脉。出其血。
间日一刺。一刺不已。五刺已。（此邪客于五脏之间。而病及于经别也。盖十二经别。内散通于五脏。外交络于形身。故
邪在五脏之间。其为病也。引脉而痛者。当取手足之井穴。随其所病之经而缪刺之。时来时止者。邪随气而或出或入也。
视其脉者。视其皮部有血络者。即泻出之。间日一刺者。邪客之深也。五刺已者。五脏之气平也。张兆璜曰。以其时
来时止。始知邪客于五脏之间。）缪传引上齿。齿唇寒痛。视其手背脉血者去之。足阳明中指爪甲上。一 。手大指次指
爪甲上。各一 立已。左取右。右取左。（缪传者。谓手阳明之邪。缪传于足阳明之脉也。足阳明之脉。入上齿中。还出
夹足。左右相交于承浆。此邪客于手阳明之经别。而缪传于足阳明之脉。致引入上齿而使齿唇寒痛。当先视其手背之脉。
有留血者去之。以泻手阳明经别之邪。取足阳明中指之内庭。以泻上齿之痛。再刺手大指之少商。手次指之商阳。以泻
手阳明经别之本病。此左右相交于承浆。而取刺在下。故当缪刺者也。此章论十二经别。与十二经脉相通。而手之阳明。
又可通于足阳明者也。）邪客于手足少阴太阴。足阳明之络。此五络皆会于耳中。上络左角。五络俱竭。令人身脉皆动。
而形无知也。其状若尸。或曰尸厥。刺其足大指内侧爪甲上。去端如韭叶。后刺足心。后刺足中指爪甲上。各一 。后
刺手大指内侧。去端如韭叶。后刺手心主少阴锐骨之端。各一 。立已。不已。似竹管吹其两耳。 其左角之发。方一
寸。燔治。饮以美酒一杯。不能饮者灌之。立已。（此申明诸脉生始出入之原。耳者宗脉之所聚也。所谓宗脉者。百脉之
宗也。百脉皆始于足少阴肾。生于足阳明胃。输于足太阴脾。主于手少阴心。朝于手太阴肺。是以五脉之气。皆会于耳
中。络左角者。肝主血而居左。其气直上于巅顶也。五络俱竭。则荣卫不行。故令人身脉振振而形无知也。其状若尸。
或曰尸厥。盖人之所以生动者。藉气 而血濡。血气不行。则其形若尸矣。刺足大指足太阴之隐白。刺足心足少阴之涌
泉。刺足中指足阳明之厉兑。刺手大指手太阴之少商。刺手心主手少阴之神门。使血气疏通。其厥立已。如不已。用竹
管吹其两耳。以通宗脉之气。 其左角之发。方一寸。燔治。饮以美酒一杯。不能饮者。灌之。盖发者。血所生也。充
肤热肉。生毛发之血。肝所主也。肝居左。故 其左角之发以通荣血。酒者热谷之悍液也。卫者。水谷之悍气也。故饮
酒者。随卫气先行皮肤。先充络脉。故饮以美酒一杯。以通卫气。荣卫营运。则其人立疏矣。此节复结大络之气。先行
于皮肤。先充络脉。是以皮肤孙络之邪。不入于经。则流溢于大络而生奇病也。按神农本经。发者血之余。服之仍自还
神化。盖血者神气也。中焦之汁。奉心神化赤而为血。故服之有仍归于神化之妙。曰方寸者。言其心所主也。灌者。欲
其灌溉于四旁也。夫医者意也。以意逆之。思过半矣。）凡刺之数。先视其经脉。切而从之。审其虚实而调之。不调者经
刺之。有痛而经不病者缪刺之。因视其皮部有血络者尽取之。此缪刺之数也。（此总结治法。又当先治其经脉也。数、几
也。言凡刺之有几。而各有所取也。经脉者。脏腑之十二经脉。如江河之径道也。络脉者。如江河之支流。孙络者。如
支流之更有支流也。经者。经别也。如江河之别道。江从此而通于河。河从此而通于江。此阴阳相合之道路。故又曰经
正。络者。大络也。如江河之外。别有江河。而外与经脉之孙络相通。然而总归出于海。海之所以行云气于天下者。从
大络而充于皮肤。海之潮汐。从经脉而流溢于支络。是以始受之邪。从皮肤而入于孙络。从孙络而入于络脉。从络脉而
入于经脉。极于五脏。散于肠胃。故当先治其经脉。切而从之。审其虚实而调之。不调者。以经刺之。如身有痛而经脉
不病者。此流溢于大络。所当缪刺者也。因视其皮部有血络者。尽取之。此缪刺之数也。王芳侯曰。邪气从外而入。
正气从内而出。知其所出之道路。后能知邪入之浅深。故为根本之学。）
（病情严重了。）邪气侵犯足少阴肾经的络脉，导致咽喉疼痛，无法进食，无故容易发怒，气逆向上冲至贲门。针刺足底中央的经脉各三次，共六刺，症状立即停止。左病刺右，右病刺左。如果咽喉中间肿胀，不能吞咽，唾液有时无法吐出，针刺然骨之前的穴位，出血后症状立即停止。左病刺右，右病左。（“内”读作讷，“贲”读作奔。这是邪气客居在络脉并并入经脉的情况，也应当采用缪刺法。足少阴肾经的络脉，其分支沿着经脉上行至心包下方，其本经贯穿肝脏和膈肌，沿着喉咙；其支脉从肺出，联络心脏，注入胸中。邪气客居在络脉并并入经脉，逼迫心火上炎，所以导致咽喉疼痛，无法进食。气逆上冲于肝膈，就会无故容易发怒。贲，指胃的贲门。肾气上通于胃，所以气向上走至贲门。适宜针刺足底的涌泉穴，左右各三针，共六针，症状立即停止。如果甚至咽喉肿胀且唾液也无法吐出，这是君火和相火一起炽盛。应当针刺然谷前的络脉，出血后症状立即停止。这是邪气客居在络脉并并入经脉，经脉上行联络心脏，络脉上行至心包下方。先出现经脉证候，所以先针刺经脉的涌泉穴；随后并见络脉证候，所以再针刺然谷前的络脉。因为大络是经脉的别行部分，是气血相通的地方。）
邪气侵犯足太阴脾经的络脉，导致腰痛，牵引小腹及胁肋部，不能仰卧呼吸。针刺腰尻部的缝隙，两胂肉之上，这里是腰俞穴。根据月亮的盈亏变化决定针刺次数，发针后症状立即停止。左病刺右，右病刺左。（足太阴脾经的别络，名叫公孙，距离本节后方一寸，别行走向阳明经。其分支进入并联络肠胃。王冰说：足太阴脾经的络脉，从大腿处合于阳明经，向上贯穿尻骨中间，与厥阴、少阳经在下部结合，并沿着尻骨向内进入腹部。所以邪气侵犯它，导致腰痛，牵引小腹及胁肋部。络脉循行于腹部，所以不能仰卧呼吸。腰尻骨间称为“解”，挟持脊背的肉称为“胂”。腰尻的缝隙，两胂肉之上，就是腰俞穴。根据日月的盈亏决定针刺次数，发针后症状立即停止。因为脾主肌肉，肌腠之间是卫气出入的地方，所以以月亮的盈亏来决定针刺次数。）
邪气侵犯足太阳膀胱经的络脉，导致身体拘挛、背部僵硬，牵引胁肋而痛。针刺应从颈部开始，数脊椎，沿脊柱两侧快速按压，感到疼痛应手的地方，在脊骨旁侧针刺三次，症状立即停止。（这是邪气客居在络脉而入于经脉的情况，就应当取治经脉。筋脉拘挛、背部僵硬、牵引胁肋而痛，是足太阳膀胱经的证候。所以针刺应当从颈部的的大椎穴开始，数着脊椎向下，沿脊柱两侧快速按压，感到疼痛应手的地方，就在脊骨旁侧针刺三次，症状立即停止。因为十五大络，是十二经脉的别行部分，相互贯通。所以邪气客居在络脉而成为络病时，就采用缪刺法；如果邪气客居在络脉，转入经脉而成为经病，就顺着经脉的疼痛部位来取穴针刺。）
邪气侵犯足少阳胆经的络脉，导致邪气停留在枢中部位疼痛，大腿无法抬起。用毫针刺入枢中，寒证则长时间留针，根据月亮的盈亏决定针刺次数，症状立即停止。（这里说的是邪气停留在某处而致痛的情况，也应当顺着疼痛部位来取穴。枢中，即髀枢之中，两腿大腿根部的厌分中，也就是环跳二穴。毫针取法于毫毛，长一寸六分，主治寒热痛痹在络脉的情况。所以应当用毫针刺入枢中，寒证则长时间留针以等待阳气热气到来。根据月亮的盈亏决定针刺次数，症状立即停止。按：邪气舍于络脉，有随着络气而停留运行的，就采用缪刺法；有客居在络脉而转入经脉的，有客居在络脉而停留在原处的，都顺着疼痛部位来针刺。这是因为邪气没有固定的规律。少阳主初生的阳气，所以也以月亮的盈亏来决定针刺次数。）
治疗各条经脉经过的部位，如果不生病，就采用缪刺法。（这里再次申明治疗各条经脉时，也有缪刺的方法。经，指经别。足太阳的正经，别行进入肛门的上方，其中一条下行五寸，别行进入肛门，属于膀胱，散布于肾脏。足少阴的正经，至腘窝中，别行走向太阳经而会合，上行至肾脏。足少阳的正经，环绕大腿根部进入毛际，会合于厥阴经，其分支进入季胁之间，沿着胸里属于胆，散布于上肝。足厥阴的正经，别行于足背上方，上行至毛际，会合于少阳经。足阳明的正经，上行至大腿，进入腹里属于胃，散布于脾。足太阴的正经，上行至大腿，会合于阳明经。手太阳的正经，指向地面，别行于肩关节，进入腋窝走向心脏，系连小肠。手少阴的正经，别行进入渊腋两筋之间，属于心脏，上行经过喉咙，出于面部，会合于目内眦。手太阳的正经，指向天空，别行于头顶，下行走于三焦，散布于胸中。手心主的正经，别行向下渊腋三寸，进入胸中，别行属于三焦。手阳明的正经，从手沿着胸乳部，下行走于大肠，属于肺，上行经过喉咙。手太阴的正经，别行进入渊腋少阴经之前，走入肺，散布于太阳经，上行出于缺盆，复合于阳明经。这十二条经别，也是阳走阴、阴走阳的。所以治疗在诸经者用巨刺法；如果邪气在所经过的部位不发病，是邪气盛于左侧而病症反而在右侧，邪气在于右侧而病症反而在左侧，或者邪气在于阳经而转移于阴经，或者在于阴经而转移于阳经，又应当左取右而右取左。按：以上十二条经别，也都系联于五脏，所以下文论述邪气客居在五脏之间，牵引脉道而痛时，应当采用缪刺法。）
耳聋，针刺手阳明经，不好转，针刺其通达经脉出耳前的部位。（这里说的是经别与经脉相通。十二经正，就是十二经脉的别行部分，道路虽然分开，但源头流通贯串。所以针刺经脉不好转，应当再针刺其脉络。通脉出于耳前，指的是手阳明之脉，向上出于耳前，沿着禾髎、迎香，而与足阳明胃脉相通。耳聋针刺手阳明经，是承接上文而言，邪气客居在手阳明经而病耳聋，就应当治疗其经脉；如果不好转，说明邪气入于脉，就取耳前的脉络来针刺，病症立即停止。）
牙齿龋痛，针刺手阳明经，不好转，针刺其进入牙齿中的脉络，症状立即停止。（“龋”音区。齿龋，即齿痛。这里说的是邪气客居在手阳明经别，而导致齿痛，就应当取治其经脉；如果不好转，说明邪气入于脉，就针刺其进入牙齿中的脉络。举这一经为例，其他十二经可以类推。然而单独提出手阳明经为什么呢？手阳明之脉，交于人中穴，左边的交叉到右边，右边的交叉到左边。如果病在耳朵而取治耳朵，痛在牙齿而取治牙齿，这是顺着病所在部位来取穴。如果病在上部而取治下部，又应当采用缪刺法。上一章论述大络与经脉相通，这里论述经别与经脉相通。上一章论述邪气客居在足阳明经，下一节论述缪传引起上齿痛，都是病在上部而取治下部，应当缪刺。这里论述邪气在于手阳明之脉，病在上部而取治上部，不必缪刺。因为手足阳明经，都在人中、承浆之间左右相交。言明缪刺的证候，除了大络的奇病外，如十二经别、足阳跷之脉，以及手足阳明二经，都有缪刺的证候。应当知道缪刺，是因为经脉左右互交而采取的治疗方法。）
邪气客居在五脏之间，病症表现为脉道牵引而痛，时来时止。观察病症，采用缪刺法，在手足爪甲上，观察脉络，放出血液，隔天针刺一次。一次不好转，五次即可痊愈。（这是邪气客居在五脏之间，而病症波及经别。因为十二经别，内部散布通于五脏，外部联络形体身躯。所以邪气在五脏之间，引起脉道牵引而痛的，应当取手足井穴，随着所病的经脉采用缪刺法。时来时止，是因为邪气随着正气时而外出时而内入。视其脉，是观察皮部是否有血络，如果有就泻出血液。隔天针刺一次，是因为邪气客居较深。五次痊愈，是因为五脏之气平和。张兆璜说：从其时来时止，才知道邪气客居在五脏之间。）
缪传引起上齿痛，牙齿和嘴唇寒冷疼痛。观察手背脉络中有瘀血的去除它。针刺足阳明经中指爪甲上，一针；手大指次指爪甲上，各一针，症状立即停止。左取右，右取左。（缪传，是指手阳明经的邪气，缪传到足阳明经。足阳明经，进入上齿中，回转出来夹持口唇，左右相交于承浆穴。这是邪气客居在手阳明经别，而缪传到足阳明经，导致牵引上齿而使牙齿和嘴唇寒冷疼痛。应当先观察手背的脉络，有留血的就去除它，以泻出手阳明经别的邪气；取足阳明经中趾的内庭穴，以泻上齿的疼痛；再刺手大指的少商穴，手次指的商阳穴，以泻出手阳明经别的本病。这是因为左右相交于承浆，而取刺在下部，所以应当缪刺。这一章论述十二经别与十二经脉相通，而手的阳明经，又可以通于足的阳明经。）
邪气客居在手足少阴、太阴及足阳明经的络脉，这五条络脉都交会于耳中，向上联络左角。五络全部衰竭，导致人身脉搏皆动，而形体无知觉。其状态像尸体一样，有的称为尸厥。针刺足大指内侧爪甲上，距离端点如韭菜叶宽的地方，后刺足心，后刺足中指爪甲上，各一针。后刺手大指内侧，距离端点如韭菜叶宽的地方，后刺手心主和少阴锐骨之端，各一针，症状立即停止。如果不好转，用竹管吹其双耳，剪下左角头发方一寸，烧成灰，用一杯美酒送服，不能饮用的灌下去，症状立即停止。（这里申明了诸脉生始出入的根源。耳，是宗脉汇聚的地方。所谓宗脉，是百脉的宗主。百脉都始于足少阴肾，生于足阳明胃，输注于足太阴脾，主宰于手少阴心，朝会于手太阴肺。所以五脉之气，都交会于耳中。络左角，是因为肝主血而居于左侧，其气直上于巅顶。五络全部衰竭，则营卫不行，所以导致人身脉搏振颤而形体无知觉。其状态像尸体，有的称为尸厥。大概人之所以生动，依靠气的推动和血的濡养。血气不行，则其形像尸体。针刺足大指足太阴经的隐白穴，刺足心足少阴经的涌泉穴，刺足中指足阳明经的厉兑穴，刺手大指手太阴经的少商穴，刺手心主和手少阴经的神门穴，使血气疏通，厥逆立即停止。如果不好转，用竹管吹其双耳，以通宗脉之气。剪下左角头发方一寸，烧成灰，用一杯美酒送服，不能饮用的灌下去。大概头发，是血之余，充养皮肤和肌肉，生长毛发的血，由肝所主。肝居于左侧，所以剪下左角的头发以通荣血。酒，是热谷的悍液。卫，是水谷的悍气。所以饮酒的人，随着卫气先行于皮肤，先充盈络脉。所以饮一杯美酒，以通卫气。营卫营运，那么其人立即苏醒。这一节再次总结大络之气，先行于皮肤，先充盈络脉。所以皮肤孙络的邪气，如果不进入经脉，就会流溢于大络而产生奇病。按《神农本草经》，头发是血之余，服用后仍能返还神化。大概血就是神气。中焦的汁液，奉心神化赤而为血。所以服用后有仍归于神化的妙处。说“方寸”，是指心所主。说“灌”，是想让其灌溉于四旁。医者的意趣，以意逆志，思过半矣。）
凡针刺的原则，先观察其经脉，切按而顺其走向，审察其虚实并调治它。不调的采用经刺法，有疼痛而经脉不病的采用缪刺法。进而观察其皮部有血络的，全部取治。这就是缪刺的原则。（这里总结治法，又应当先治疗其经脉。数，是几的意思。说凡是针刺有几项原则，而各有取法。经脉，是脏腑的十二经脉，像江河的主航道。络脉，像江河的支流。孙络，像支流中的更有支流。经，指经别，像江河的别道，江从此通于河，河从此通于江，这是阴阳相合的道路，所以又叫经正。络，指大络，像江河之外，另有江河，而外部与经脉的孙络相通。然而总归出于海。海之所以行云气于天下，是从大络而充盈于皮肤。海的潮汐，从经脉而流溢于支络。所以最初受到的邪气，从皮肤而入于孙络，从孙络而入于络脉，从络脉而入于经脉，极于五脏，散于肠胃。所以应当先治其经脉，切按而顺其走向，审察其虚实并调治它。不调的，用经刺法。如果身上有疼痛而经脉不病，这是流溢于大络，应当缪刺。进而观察其皮部有血络的，全部取治。这就是缪刺的原则。王芳侯说：邪气从外而入，正气从内而出。知道正气所出的道路，后才能知道邪气入侵的深浅。所以这是根本之学。）
(The condition is severe.) When pathogenic factors invade the collaterals of the Foot-Shaoyin (Kidney) meridian, it causes throat pain and inability to swallow food. There is unprovoked irritability, and Qi ascends to the贲门 (cardia). Prick the central vessels at the sole of the foot three times on each side, totaling six pricks; symptoms will cease immediately. Treat the left by needling the right, and the right by needling the left. If there is swelling in the middle of the throat, inability to swallow, and occasional inability to expectorate saliva, prick the area anterior to Ran Gu (KI2), allow bleeding, and symptoms will cease immediately. Treat the left by needling the right, and the right by needling the left. ("Nei" is pronounced "ne", "Ben" is pronounced "ben". This indicates that pathogenic factors reside in the collaterals and merge into the main meridians; Miu Ci (contralateral needling) should also be employed here. The collateral branch of the Foot-Shaoyin meridian runs along the meridian upwards to below the Pericardium. The main meridian passes through the Liver and Diaphragm, follows the throat. Its branch emerges from the Lung, connects with the Heart, and pours into the chest. Pathogenic factors residing in the collaterals and merging into the meridians force Heart Fire to flare upwards, causing throat pain and inability to eat. Ascending reversely to the Liver and Diaphragm causes unprovoked irritability. Ben refers to the cardia of the Stomach. Kidney Qi connects upwards to the Stomach, so Qi moves upwards to the cardia. It is appropriate to needle Yong Quan (KI1) at the sole of the foot, three times on each side, totaling six needles, and symptoms will cease immediately. If the condition worsens to throat swelling and inability to expectorate saliva, this indicates simultaneous blazing of Ministerial and Sovereign Fire. One should prick the collateral vessels anterior to Ran Gu (KI2), allow bleeding, and symptoms will cease immediately. This is because pathogenic factors reside in the collaterals and merge into the meridians; the meridians connect upwards to the Heart, and the collaterals ascend to below the Pericardium. Since meridian symptoms appear first, one needles the meridian point Yong Quan (KI1) first; subsequently, when collateral symptoms appear, one needles the collateral vessels anterior to Ran Gu (KI2). This is because the Great Collaterals are branches of the main meridians and serve as channels for the communication of Qi and Blood.)
When pathogenic factors invade the collaterals of the Foot-Taiyin (Spleen) meridian, it causes lower back pain radiating to the lower abdomen and hypochondrium, making it impossible to breathe while lying supine. Needle the cleft between the lumbar and sacral regions, above the two muscles flanking the spine; this is Yao Shu (BL23). Determine the number of needle insertions based on the waxing and waning of the moon; upon inserting the needle, symptoms will cease immediately. Treat the left by needling the right, and the right by needling the left. (The collateral branch of the Foot-Taiyin meridian is named Gong Sun (SP4), located one cun posterior to the base of the first metatarsal bone, diverging to connect with the Yangming meridian. Its branch enters and connects with the Intestines and Stomach. Wang Bing stated: The collateral of the Foot-Taiyin meridian merges with the Yangming meridian at the thigh, passes upwards through the middle of the sacrum, and joins with the Jueyin and Shaoyang meridians in the lower region, following the sacrum internally into the abdomen. Thus, when pathogenic factors invade it, it causes lower back pain radiating to the lower abdomen and hypochondrium. The collateral circulates in the abdomen, hence the inability to breathe supine. The space between the lumbar and sacral bones is called "Jie"; the flesh flanking the spine is called "Shen". The cleft between the lumbar and sacral bones, above the two Shen muscles, is Yao Shu (BL23). Determine the number of needle insertions based on the daily cycle of the moon; upon inserting the needle, symptoms will cease immediately. This is because the Spleen governs the muscles, and the interstices of the muscles are where Wei Qi exits and enters; therefore, the number of insertions is determined by the moon's phases.)
When pathogenic factors invade the collaterals of the Foot-Taiyang (Bladder) meridian, it causes spasms and stiffness of the back, radiating to the hypochondrium with pain. Needling should start from the neck, count the vertebrae, press rapidly along both sides of the spine; where tenderness is felt upon pressure, prick three times beside the vertebral column, and symptoms will cease immediately. (This indicates that pathogenic factors reside in the collaterals and enter the meridians; thus, the meridians should be treated. Spasms, back stiffness, and hypochondriac pain are syndromes of the Foot-Taiyang meridian. Therefore, needling should begin from Da Zhui (GV14) in the neck, counting down the vertebrae, pressing rapidly along both sides of the spine; where tenderness is felt upon pressure, prick three times beside the vertebral column, and symptoms will cease immediately. This is because the fifteen Great Collaterals are branches of the twelve main meridians and interconnect mutually. Thus, when pathogenic factors reside in the collaterals causing collateral diseases, Miu Ci (contralateral needling) is used. If pathogenic factors reside in the collaterals and transfer to the meridians causing meridian diseases, one needles along the painful points of the meridian.)
When pathogenic factors invade the collaterals of the Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) meridian, it causes pain where pathogens remain in the pivot area, and the thigh cannot be lifted. Use a filiform needle to needle the pivot area. In cases of cold, retain the needle for a long time. Determine the number of needle insertions based on the waxing and waning of the moon; symptoms will cease immediately. (This describes situations where pathogens remain in a specific location causing pain; one should needle according to the site of pain. "Pivot area" refers to the hip joint, specifically the gap between the thighs, which corresponds to the Huan Tiao (GB30) acupoints. Filiform needles are modeled after fine hairs, one cun six fen in length, and treat cold-heat, pain, and bi-syndromes in the collaterals. Therefore, one should needle the pivot area with a filiform needle. In cases of cold, retain the needle for a long time to await the arrival of Yang heat. Determine the number of insertions based on the moon's phases, and symptoms will cease immediately. Note: When pathogens lodge in the collaterals, if they move with the collateral Qi and remain stationary, Miu Ci is used. If they reside in the collaterals and transfer to the meridians, or reside in the collaterals and remain in place, one needles according to the site of pain. This is because pathogenic factors have no fixed pattern. Shaoyang governs the nascent Qi, so the number of insertions is also determined by the moon's phases.)
For treating areas traversed by various meridians, if no disease is present, employ Miu Ci. (This reiterates that even when treating various meridians, Miu Ci methods apply. "Jing" here refers to Jing Bie (Extraordinary Meridians). The Zheng meridian of Foot-Taiyang diverges into the upper rectum; one branch descends five cun, diverges into the anus, belongs to the Bladder, and scatters to the Kidneys. The Zheng meridian of Foot-Shaoyin reaches the popliteal fossa, diverges to join the Taiyang meridian, ascends to the Kidneys. The Zheng meridian of Foot-Shaoyang circles the thigh root into the pubic region, joins the Jueyin meridian; its branch enters the lateral costal region, follows the interior of the chest, belongs to the Gallbladder, and scatters to the upper Liver. The Zheng meridian of Foot-Jueyin diverges above the dorsum of the foot, ascends to the pubic region, and joins the Shaoyang meridian. The Zheng meridian of Foot-Yangming ascends to the thigh, enters the abdominal interior, belongs to the Stomach, and scatters to the Spleen. The Zheng meridian of Foot-Taiyin ascends to the thigh and joins the Yangming meridian. The Zheng meridian of Hand-Taiyang points downward, diverges at the shoulder joint, enters the axilla, travels to the Heart, and connects to the Small Intestine. The Zheng meridian of Hand-Shaoyin diverges into the space between the two tendons of Yuan Ye, belongs to the Heart, ascends along the throat, emerges on the face, and joins at the inner canthus. The Zheng meridian of Hand-Taiyang points upward, diverges at the vertex, descends to travel the Sanjiao, and scatters in the chest. The Zheng meridian of Xin Bao (Pericardium) diverges downward three cun from Yuan Ye, enters the chest, belongs to the Sanjiao. The Zheng meridian of Hand-Yangming follows the chest and breast from the hand, descends to travel the Large Intestine, belongs to the Lung, ascends along the throat. The Zheng meridian of Hand-Taiyin diverges anterior to Yuan Ye before the Shaoyin meridian, enters the Lung, scatters to the Taiyang meridian, and emerges above the Clavicle, rejoining the Yangming meridian. These twelve Jing Bie are also pathways where Yang moves to Yin and Yin moves to Yang. Therefore, treatment of the main meridians uses Ju Ci (deep contralateral needling); if pathogenic factors do not cause disease in the areas they traverse, it means excess pathogenic factors on the left manifest as disease on the right, or vice versa, or pathogenic factors in Yang meridians shift to Yin meridians, or those in Yin shift to Yang; in such cases, one must needle the left to treat the right and the right to treat the left. Note: The aforementioned twelve Jing Bie are all connected to the Zang organs; hence, the following discussion on pathogenic factors residing between the Zang organs causing pain via meridian traction indicates the use of Miu Ci.)
For deafness, needle the Hand-Yangming meridian. If ineffective, needle the connecting vessel emerging anterior to the ear. (This explains the connection between Jing Bie and the main meridians. The twelve Zheng meridians are the branches of the twelve main meridians; although the paths diverge, their sources flow continuously. Thus, if needling the main meridian is ineffective, one should needle the vessel. The "connecting vessel emerging anterior to the ear" refers to the Hand-Yangming meridian ascending anterior to the ear, following He Liao and Ying Xiang, and connecting with the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian. Deafness is treated by needling the Hand-Yangming meridian, continuing from the previous context stating that if pathogenic factors reside in the Hand-Yangming meridian causing deafness, one treats the meridian. If ineffective, it indicates the pathogen has entered the vessel; thus, one needles the vessel anterior to the ear, and the disease ceases immediately.)
For dental caries/pain, needle the Hand-Yangming meridian. If ineffective, needle the vessel entering the teeth; symptoms will cease immediately. ("Qu" is pronounced "qu". Dental caries refers to toothache. This states that if pathogenic factors reside in the Hand-Yangming Jing Bie causing toothache, one treats the meridian. If ineffective, it indicates the pathogen has entered the vessel; thus, one needles the vessel entering the teeth. Taking this one meridian as an example, the other eleven can be inferred. Why single out the Hand-Yangming meridian? The Hand-Yangming meridian crosses at Ren Zhong (GV26), with the left crossing to the right and the right to the left. If the disease is in the ear, one treats the ear; if pain is in the teeth, one treats the teeth; this is treating according to the site of the disease. However, if the disease is in the upper body but treated in the lower body, one must use Miu Ci. The previous chapter discussed the connection between Great Collaterals and main meridians; this chapter discusses the connection between Jing Bie and main meridians. The previous chapter discussed pathogenic factors residing in the Foot-Yangming meridian, and the next section discusses Mu Chuan (erroneous transmission) causing upper tooth pain, both being diseases in the upper body treated in the lower body, requiring Miu Ci. This section discusses pathogenic factors in the Hand-Yangming meridian, where the disease is in the upper body and treated in the upper body, so Miu Ci is not necessary. This is because the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians cross each other at Ren Zhong and Cheng Jiang (CV24). The indications for Miu Ci include not only strange diseases of the Great Collaterals but also conditions involving the twelve Jing Bie, Foot Yang Qiao meridian, and the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians. One should understand that Miu Ci is employed due to the mutual crossing of meridians on the left and right.)
When pathogenic factors reside between the Five Zang organs, the disease manifests as meridian traction pain, coming and going intermittently. Observe the disease and employ Miu Ci. Needle at the nails of the hands and feet, observe the vessels, and release blood. Needle once every other day. If one session is ineffective, five sessions will cure it. (This indicates pathogenic factors residing between the Five Zang organs affecting the Jing Bie. The twelve Jing Bie internally scatter to connect with the Five Zang organs and externally link to the body. Thus, when pathogenic factors are between the Zang organs causing meridian traction pain, one should select the Jing-Well points of the hands and feet and employ Miu Ci according to the affected meridian. The intermittent nature indicates that pathogens move with Qi, sometimes exiting and sometimes entering. Observing the vessels means observing the skin sectors for blood stasis and draining them. Needling every other day is because the pathogenic factors reside deeply. Five sessions cure it because the Qi of the Five Zang organs becomes balanced. Zhang Zhaohuang stated: From the intermittent nature, one knows that pathogenic factors reside between the Five Zang organs.)
Mu Chuan (erroneous transmission) causes upper tooth pain, with cold pain in the teeth and lips. Observe the vessels on the back of the hand for blood stasis and remove it. Needle one time at the nail of the middle toe of the Foot-Yangming meridian, and one time each at the nails of the thumb and index finger of the hand; symptoms will cease immediately. Treat the left by taking the right, and the right by taking the left. (Mu Chuan refers to pathogenic factors from the Hand-Yangming meridian erroneously transmitting to the Foot-Yangming meridian. The Foot-Yangming meridian enters the upper teeth, curves out to surround the lips, and crosses at Cheng Jiang (CV24). This indicates pathogenic factors residing in the Hand-Yangming Jing Bie and erroneously transmitting to the Foot-Yangming meridian, causing traction into the upper teeth and resulting in cold pain in the teeth and lips. One should first observe the vessels on the back of the hand; if there is retained blood, remove it to drain the pathogenic factors from the Hand-Yangming Jing Bie. Select Nei Ting (ST44) of the middle toe of the Foot-Yangming meridian to drain the upper tooth pain. Then needle Shao Shang (LU11) of the thumb and Shang Yang (LI1) of the index finger to drain the primary disease of the Hand-Yangming Jing Bie. Because these meridians cross at Cheng Jiang and the treatment is applied inferiorly, Miu Ci is required. This chapter discusses the connection between the twelve Jing Bie and the twelve main meridians, and how the Hand-Yangming meridian can also connect to the Foot-Yangming meridian.)
When pathogenic factors reside in the collaterals of the Hand and Foot Shaoyin, Taiyin, and Foot-Yangming meridians, these five collaterals all converge in the ear and ascend to connect with the left corner of the head. If all five collaterals are exhausted, it causes all pulses in the body to throb while the form remains insensible. The appearance resembles that of a corpse, sometimes referred to as Shi Jue (Corpse Syncope). Needle the medial aspect of the big toe, one cun from the nail edge (like a leek leaf width). Then needle the center of the foot. Then needle the nail of the middle toe of the foot, one time each. Then needle the medial aspect of the thumb, one cun from the nail edge. Then needle the tip of the radial styloid process where the Pericardium and Shaoyin meridians meet, one time each; symptoms will cease immediately. If ineffective, blow air into both ears using a bamboo tube. Cut hair from the left corner of the head, one square cun in size, burn it to ash, and drink it mixed with one cup of fine wine. If unable to drink, administer by force; symptoms will cease immediately. (This clarifies the origin of the generation, entry, and exit of the vessels. The ear is the gathering place of the Zong Mai (Ancestral Vessels). Zong Mai refers to the chief of all vessels. All vessels originate from the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney, are generated by the Foot-Yangming Stomach, are transported by the Foot-Taiyin Spleen, are governed by the Hand-Shaoyin Heart, and assemble at the Hand-Taiyin Lung. Therefore, the Qi of the five vessels converges in the ear. Connecting to the left corner is because the Liver governs Blood and resides on the left, with its Qi ascending directly to the vertex. If all five collaterals are exhausted, Ying and Wei Qi cannot circulate, causing the body pulses to tremble and the form to become insensible. The appearance resembles a corpse, hence Shi Jue. Generally, human vitality depends on the movement of Qi and the nourishment of Blood. If Qi and Blood do not circulate, the form resembles a corpse. Needle Yin Bai (SP1) on the medial big toe (Foot-Taiyin), Yong Quan (KI1) on the sole (Foot-Shaoyin), Li Dui (ST45) on the middle toe (Foot-Yangming), Shao Shang (LU11) on the thumb (Hand-Taiyin), and Shen Men (HT7) at the radial styloid (Hand-Shaoyin/Pericardium) to unblock Qi and Blood, resolving syncope immediately. If ineffective, use a bamboo tube to blow air into both ears to unblock the Zong Mai Qi. Cut one square cun of hair from the left corner, burn to ash, and consume with one cup of fine wine. If unable to drink, administer by force. Hair is the surplus of Blood, nourishing the skin and muscles; the blood generating hair is governed by the Liver. The Liver resides on the left, so cutting hair from the left corner unblocks Ying Blood. Wine is the fierce fluid of hot grains. Wei Qi is the fierce Qi of water and grain. Those who drink wine follow Wei Qi moving first in the skin and filling the collaterals. Thus, drinking one cup of fine wine unblocks Wei Qi. Once Ying and Wei Qi circulate, the person revives immediately. This section concludes that the Qi of the Great Collaterals moves first in the skin and fills the collaterals. Therefore, pathogenic factors in the skin and Sun Luo (Sun Collaterals) that do not enter the main meridians overflow into the Great Collaterals and generate strange diseases. According to the *Shennong Ben Cao Jing*, hair is the surplus of Blood; consuming it allows it to return to divine transformation. Blood is the Spirit Qi. The fluids of the Middle Jiao, transformed by the Heart Spirit into red Blood, possess the wonder of returning to divine transformation. "Square cun" refers to what the Heart governs. "Administer by force" implies irrigating the four peripheries. The art of medicine lies in intent; by inferring with intent, half the understanding is gained.)
The principles of needling are as follows: First, observe the meridians, palpate and follow their course, examine their deficiency and excess, and regulate them. If regulation fails, use Jing Ci (meridian needling). If there is pain but the meridians are not diseased, use Miu Ci. Furthermore, observe the skin sectors for blood stasis and treat all visible vessels. This is the principle of Miu Ci. (This summarizes the treatment method, emphasizing that one must first treat the main meridians. "Shu" means number/frequency. It states that there are several principles of needling, each with specific applications. The main meridians are the twelve meridians of the Zang and Fu organs, like the main channels of rivers. Collaterals are like tributaries. Sun Luo are like secondary branches of tributaries. Jing refers to Jing Bie, like alternative river routes, where Jiang connects to He and He connects to Jiang; these are the pathways of Yin-Yang integration, hence also called Jing Zheng. Luo refers to the Great Collaterals, like rivers outside the main system, connecting externally with the Sun Luo of the main meridians, yet ultimately returning to the Sea. The Sea distributes Qi throughout the world via the Great Collaterals to fill the skin. The tides of the Sea flow from the main meridians into the branch collaterals. Thus, initially acquired pathogenic factors enter from the skin into the Sun Luo, from Sun Luo into the Luo Mai, from Luo Mai into the main meridians, reaching the Five Zang organs and scattering in the intestines and stomach. Therefore, one must first treat the main meridians, palpate and follow their course, examine deficiency/excess, and regulate them. If regulation fails, use Jing Ci. If there is body pain but the main meridians are not diseased, this indicates overflow into the Great Collaterals, requiring Miu Ci. Observe the skin sectors for blood stasis and treat all visible vessels. This is the principle of Miu Ci. Wang Fanghou stated: Pathogenic factors enter from outside, while healthy Qi exits from inside. Knowing the pathway of exit allows one to know the depth of pathogenic invasion; thus, this is fundamental learning.)