（出《明医杂着》）
王节斋曰∶夏至日后，病热为暑。暑者，相火行令也。夏日人感之，自口齿而入，伤心
包络之经。其脉虚，或浮大而散，或弦细芤迟。盖热伤气，则气消而脉虚弱。其为症∶汗，
烦则喘、渴，静则多言，身热而烦，心痛，大渴引饮，头疼，自汗，倦怠少气，或下血，发
黄，生斑。甚者，火热致金不能平木，搐搦不省人事。治暑之法，清心利小便最好。暑伤气，
宜补真气为要。又有恶寒，或四肢逆冷，甚者迷闷不省，而为霍乱、吐利、痰滞、呕逆、腹
痛、泻利，此则非暑伤人，乃因暑而自致之病也。以其因暑而得，故亦谓之暑病，然治法不
同也。
若行人或农夫，于日中劳役得之者，是动而得之，阳证也。其病必苦头痛，发燥热，恶
热，扪之肌肤大热，必大渴引饮，汗大泄，无气以动，乃天热外伤元气也。宜清暑益气，用
香薷
暑热发渴，脉虚，用人参白虎汤或用竹叶石膏汤亦好。（俱见前。）
东垣清暑益气汤 治长夏湿热蒸人，人感之四肢困倦，精神少，胸满气促，肢节痛，或
气高而喘，身热而烦，心下痞闷，小便黄而数，大便溏而频，或痢，或渴，不思饮食，自汗，
体虚，此汤最好。（见前。）
若暑热之时，无病之人，或避暑热，纳凉于深堂大厦、凉台冷馆、大扇风车得之者，是
静而得之，阴证也。其病必头痛，恶寒，身形拘急，肢节疼痛而烦心，肌肤大热，无汗。此
为阴寒所遏，使周身阳气不得伸越。宜用辛温之剂，以解表散寒，用浓朴、紫苏、干葛、藿
香、羌活、苍术之类。若外既受寒，内复伤冰水生冷瓜果之类，前药再加干姜、缩砂、神曲
之类，此非治暑也，治因暑而致之病也。
若外不受寒，只是内伤冰水冷物，腹痛泄泻，或霍乱吐逆，宜缩脾饮（见前）或理中汤
（见中
若吐泻，脉沉微甚者，不可用凉药，可用大顺散（见前）加熟附子等分，或附子理中 加
炒芍
夏月多食冷物，及过饮茶水，致伤脾胃，吐泻霍乱。故治暑药多用温脾消食，治湿利小
便之药，医者要识此意。
若既伤暑热，复伤生冷，外热内寒，宜先治其内，温中消食，次治其外，消暑补气，而
以理脾为主，于前阴阳二条内相兼取用。东垣清暑益气汤已兼此意，其用黄 、升麻、人参、
白术、甘草、麦门冬、当归、五味、黄柏、葛根，是清暑补气也；苍术、陈皮、神曲、泽泻、
青皮，是治内补脾也。
（出自《明医杂着》）
王节斋说：夏至日之后，出现发热症状的称为暑病。暑气，是相火当令时的气候特征。人在夏日感受暑邪，病邪从口鼻进入，损伤心包络的经脉。其脉象虚软，或浮大而散，或弦细芤迟。因为热邪耗伤元气，导致气虚而脉象虚弱。其临床表现有：出汗，心烦则气喘、口渴，安静时多言语，身体发热且心烦，心痛，极度口渴想喝水，头痛，自汗，疲倦乏力少气，或者便血，发黄，生斑疹。严重的，火热之邪导致肺金不能制约肝木，出现抽搐痉挛、不省人事。治疗暑病的方法，以清心火、利小便为最好。暑邪耗伤元气，应当以补益真气为关键。又有恶寒，或者四肢逆冷，严重的昏迷不省人事，表现为霍乱、呕吐腹泻、痰湿阻滞、呕吐呃逆、腹痛、下痢，这些并非暑邪直接伤人所致，而是因为暑天贪凉饮冷等自身行为导致的疾病。虽然是因为暑天引起的，所以也称为暑病，但治疗方法不同。
如果是行路的人或农夫，在烈日下劳作得病的，属于“动而得之”，是阳证。这种病一定痛苦于头痛，感到燥热，怕热，触摸肌肤很热，一定极度口渴想喝水，大汗淋漓，没有力气活动，这是天热外伤元气所致。适宜清暑益气，用香薷散。暑热引起口渴，脉象虚软，用人参白虎汤或用竹叶石膏汤也很好。（均见前文。）
李东垣的清暑益气汤：治疗长夏季节湿热蒸腾，人感受后四肢困倦，精神萎靡，胸满气短，肢体关节疼痛，或者气逆喘息，身体发热且心烦，胃脘部痞闷，小便黄且频数，大便溏薄且次数多，或者痢疾，或者口渴，不想饮食，自汗，体质虚弱，此方最好。（见前文。）
如果在暑热之时，原本无病的人，为了避暑热，在深堂大厦、凉台冷馆、大扇风车处纳凉得病的，属于“静而得之”，是阴证。这种病一定头痛，恶寒，身体拘急不舒，肢体关节疼痛且心烦，肌肤很热，无汗。这是因为阴寒之气遏制了阳气，使周身阳气不得舒展发散。适宜用辛温的药物，以解表散寒，用浓朴、紫苏、干葛、藿香、羌活、苍术之类。如果外感寒邪，内又损伤冰水生冷瓜果等食物，前面的药物再加干姜、缩砂仁、神曲之类，这不是治疗暑病，而是治疗因暑天贪凉导致的疾病。
如果外不受寒，只是内伤冰水冷物，出现腹痛泄泻，或者霍乱呕吐，适宜用缩脾饮（见前文）或理中汤（见中卷）。
如果出现吐泻，脉象沉微严重的，不可用凉药，可用大顺散（见前文）加熟附子等分，或者附子理中汤加炒芍药。
夏季多吃冷物，以及过量饮茶和水，导致脾胃受伤，出现吐泻霍乱。所以治疗暑病的药物多用温脾消食、治湿利小便的药，医生要明白这个意思。
如果既伤了暑热，又伤了生冷，外热内寒，适宜先治其内，温中消食，再治其外，消暑补气，而以调理脾胃为主，在前文阴阳两条中兼取使用。李东垣的清暑益气汤已经兼具此意，其中用黄芪、升麻、人参、白术、甘草、麦门冬、当归、五味子、黄柏、葛根，是清暑补气；苍术、陈皮、神曲、泽泻、青皮，是治内补脾。
(From *Mingyi Zazhuo*)
Wang Jiezhai stated: After the Summer Solstice, diseases characterized by fever are termed Summerheat disease (Shu Bing). Summerheat is the climate phenomenon when Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo) is in command. When humans contract this pathogen in summer, it enters through the mouth and nose, damaging the Pericardium Collateral (Xin Bao Luo) meridian. The pulse may be deficient, or floating, large, and scattered, or wiry, thin, hollow, and slow. This is because heat damages Qi, leading to Qi deficiency and a weak pulse. The clinical manifestations include: sweating; if vexed, there is panting and thirst; if quiet, there is excessive talking; body heat with vexation; heart pain; extreme thirst with desire to drink; headache; spontaneous sweating; fatigue and shortness of breath; or lower gastrointestinal bleeding, jaundice, and macules. In severe cases, intense fire causes Metal (Lung) to fail to control Wood (Liver), resulting in spasms, convulsions, and loss of consciousness. The treatment principle for Summerheat disease is best achieved by clearing Heart fire and promoting urination. Since Summerheat damages Qi, tonifying True Qi is essential. There are also cases of aversion to cold, or cold extremities, where severe cases present with coma and loss of consciousness, manifesting as Cholera (Huo Luan), vomiting and diarrhea, phlegm stagnation, retching, abdominal pain, and dysentery. These are not directly caused by Summerheat pathogens injuring the person, but are self-induced diseases due to behaviors during summer. Although they arise in the context of summer and are thus called Summerheat disease, their treatment methods differ.
If travelers or farmers contract the disease from labor under the midday sun, it is termed "obtained through movement" (Dong Er De Zhi), which is a Yang syndrome. The illness must involve painful headache, feeling of dry heat, aversion to heat, skin that feels very hot to the touch, extreme thirst with desire to drink, profuse sweating, and inability to move due to lack of Qi. This is caused by heavenly heat externally injuring Original Qi. It is appropriate to clear Summerheat and benefit Qi, using Xiangru San (Elsholtzia Powder). For Summerheat causing thirst with a deficient pulse, Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) or Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) are also good. (See previous sections.)
Li Dongyuan's Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang (Clear Summerheat and Benefit Qi Decoction): Treats the condition where damp-heat steams during the late summer season, causing humans to feel heavy limbs, lethargy, chest fullness and shortness of breath, pain in joints, or rapid breathing with panting, body heat with vexation, epigastric stuffiness, yellow and frequent urination, loose and frequent stools, or dysentery, thirst, anorexia, spontaneous sweating, and physical weakness. This decoction is best. (See previous sections.)
If healthy individuals, seeking to avoid summer heat, cool themselves in deep halls, pavilions, cold rooms, or under large fans, contracting the disease through stillness, it is termed "obtained through stillness" (Jing Er De Zhi), which is a Yin syndrome. The illness must involve headache, aversion to cold, bodily stiffness and tension, joint pain with vexation, hot skin, and absence of sweat. This is due to inhibition by Yin-cold, preventing the expansion and dispersion of Yang Qi throughout the body. It is appropriate to use acrid-warm agents to release the exterior and dispel cold, such as Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Zisu (Perilla Leaf), Gange (Kudzu Root), Huoxiang (Patchouli), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), and Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome). If there is external cold contraction combined with internal injury from ice water and raw/cold fruits, add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Suosha (Amomum Fruit), and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) to the aforementioned herbs. This does not treat Summerheat itself, but treats diseases induced by summer cooling behaviors.
If there is no external cold, only internal injury from ice water and cold foods, presenting with abdominal pain and diarrhea, or cholera-like vomiting, Suopi Yin (Spleen-Constricting Drink) (see previous section) or Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) (see middle volume) are appropriate.
If vomiting and diarrhea occur with a deep and faint pulse, especially in severe cases, cooling medicines should not be used. Instead, Dashun San (Great Smooth Powder) (see previous section) can be used with equal parts of Shu Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), or Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Regulate the Middle Decoction) with fried Shaoyao (Peony Root).
In summer, excessive consumption of cold foods and over-drinking tea/water injures the Spleen and Stomach, leading to vomiting, diarrhea, and cholera. Therefore, medicines for treating Summerheat often include those that warm the Spleen, digest food, resolve dampness, and promote urination. Physicians must understand this principle.
If one is injured by both Summerheat and cold/raw foods, presenting with external heat and internal cold, it is appropriate to first treat the interior by warming the middle and digesting food, then treat the exterior by clearing Summerheat and benefiting Qi, focusing primarily on regulating the Spleen. One should combine approaches from the previously mentioned Yin and Yang categories. Li Dongyuan's Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang already incorporates this intent: Huangqi (Astragalus Root), Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root), Maimendong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), and Gegen (Pueraria Root) serve to clear Summerheat and benefit Qi; Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), and Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel) serve to treat the interior and tonify the Spleen.