肋下痛。好肩背浓者肺坚，肺坚则不病咳上气；肩背薄者肺脆，肺脆则苦病消瘅易伤。背膺浓者肺端正，肺端
正则和利难伤；肋偏疏者肺偏倾，肺偏倾则胸偏痛也。
气逆胸痞背疼，喘哮息贲。
肺气太过，则令人喘咳逆气，背痛愠愠然，或胸膈 闷之气牵引背疼。又有起居如故而息有音者，乃肺
之络脉，逆而不得随经上下故也。息贲者，肺之积名。言其或息而或贲起也，在右肋下，大如覆杯，以春甲乙
日得之。何以言之？心病传肺，肺当传肝，肝以春适旺，旺者不受邪。肺复欲还心，心不肯受，故留结为积。
久不已，令人洒淅寒热，喘咳发肺痈。
风浮涕塞声重，瘾疹疮疥。
涕乃肺液，伤风则涕流，鼻塞声重，其声哭，其志忧，故哭则泪出。又云肺热涕出，凡黄涕如脓，大如
弹丸从鼻中出，不出则伤肺。肺主皮毛，风盛则生瘾疹、疮疥。
热着咽膈尻阴，股膝皆痛，鼻 鼻痔或成成渊∶
肺通喉舌，候在胸中，故热壅则喉舌肿痛，胸膈满闷。尻阴股膝痛为痿 者，肺热叶焦也。鼻端紫红粉刺，
谓之鼻 。内生 肉，谓之鼻痔，流涕不止，谓之鼻渊。皆上热下虚也。
虚极呼吸息微，欠伸溺频，肺痿肺痈或成瘵。
肺主气，虚则呼吸少气不足以息，小便频数或遗。虚甚为相火所乘，则咳而见血，或为痨瘵、肺痈、肺痿。
冷时身颤呕涎。
用力颤掉，声嘶气虚，卫冷甚也。肺脉起于中焦，下络大肠，循胃口上膈属肺，故虚寒则善呕沫也。
血燥掌热干咳。
手太阴之别名列缺，起于腕上，并太阴之经直入掌中，故肺经血燥，掌心亦热。干咳者，肺中无津液也。
补以参 阿胶五味子。
山药、紫菀、酸枣仁、麦门冬、车前子、百部、白胶、栝蒌仁、白茯苓。
温必陈皮半夏干姜。
款冬花、生姜、白豆蔻、肉桂、木香、杏仁、苏子。
凉以知母栝蒌桔梗。
沙参、天门冬、玄参、贝母、马兜铃、香薷、枯芩、冬瓜子、萝卜子、犀角、百部、山栀、枇杷叶、人溺、
石膏、青黛。
泻必葶苈桑皮蛤蚧。
防风、槟榔、枳壳、通草、泽泻、赤茯苓、琥珀、冬葵子。
轻声美食自清虚。
凡肺病皆因呼叫过度，或煎爆酒面姜椒太过，以致虚实见焉。病者宜轻声缓语以养其气，食苦麦、羊肉、杏、薤，
皆苦以润其燥。
夙兴夜寐防灾害。
秋三月，天地容平，早卧早起，与鸡俱兴，收敛神气，养收之道也。逆之则伤肺，冬为飧
泄，奉藏者少。
大肠又名回肠，长二丈一（尺）而大四寸，受水谷一斗七升半；
回肠者，当脐右回迭积十六曲，径一寸半，受谷一斗，水七升半。
魄门上应阑门，长二尺八（寸）而大八寸，受谷九升三合八分。
魄门者，肺藏魄也。又曰广肠，言广阔于大小肠也。又曰肛门，言其处似车缸形也。《内经》以此为一脏，
故俗名坠脏。热则重坠或突出，虚则脱下不收。受谷九升三合八分合之一，专主出而不纳。凡肠胃合受水谷八
斗七升六合八分合之一。阑门者，大小肠各受物传化而相会于此，滓入广肠，水入膀胱，关阑分隔，故曰阑门。
肛之重也，仅十二两；肠之重也，再加二斤。
肛门重十二两，大肠重二斤十二两。
总通于肺，而心肾膀胱联系系膈；
肛门亦大肠之下截也，总与肺为表里。大小肠之系自膈下与脊膂连心肾膀胱相系，脂膜筋络，散布包裹，
然各分纹理，罗络大小肠与膀胱。其细脉之中，乃气血津液流走之道。
外应在皮，而气血津液润燥不均。
肺应皮，腹皮浓者，大肠浓；皮薄者，大肠薄；皮缓腹里大者，大肠大而长；皮急者，大肠急而短；皮
滑者，大肠直；皮肉不相离者，大肠结。气血津液调和则大便亦调，燥热则便坚而涩，寒湿则便润而利。
风搏耳鸣齿痛便血，或时欲食不食呕吐清水；
便血有远近者，肠系心肾膀胱故也。食则呕吐者，肺风传入大肠，令肠中宛转搏上不欲食，食即呕吐清
冷水也。
血壅鼻衄目黄喉痹，或时大指次指肩痛频。
手阳明脉起大指次指之端，循臂 ，外上
肩之前廉，下齿还退场门交人中，左之右，右之左，侠鼻孔交目侧，故病如是。
气秘腹满切痛，外注皮肤坚硬；
气滞肠中切痛或鸣，腹满大便秘涩。重感于寒，当脐而痛，即泄。不能久立。若气注于外，挟痰则皮肤坚
而不痛。
热秘脐满口疮，内结痔痈痢 。
侠脐满痛，大便不通，或喘不能立，或口生疮，皆热症也。湿热内结，则为痔漏肠痈，痢下赤白。 者，
赤色也。
虚则肠鸣身易瘦，冷则滑脱耳难闻。
肠气虚则鸣，身枯瘦如鸡皮有鳞。虚冷则滑泄、脱肛、耳聋。经曰∶邪克阳明之络，令人耳聋，时不闻音。
补以粟壳五倍棕榈，
牡蛎、木香、肉豆蔻、莲肉、蓁子、诃子、龙骨。
泻必硝黄续随桃仁；
芒硝、大黄、续随子、枳壳、麻仁、石斛、槟榔、旋复花、榧实、巴豆、葱白、牵牛。
温以吴萸人参姜桂，
干姜、肉桂、半夏、桃花石、木香、石蜜。
凉必芩连槐花茅根。
黄芩、黄连、天花粉、玄参、砂糖。
吁！水谷变化自然妙，
经曰∶大肠为传道之官，变化出焉。《难经》曰∶唇为飞门（言唇开则食入如飞也），齿为户门（饮食
由此而入也），咽为吸门（言咽入不得复出也），胃为贲门（言咽下贲向于胃也），太仓下口为幽门（在脐下
三寸。居于幽暗，故名也），并阑门、魄门，合之为七冲门，皆水谷变化出入相冲之要路也。但水谷清芳甘美，
运布则为精微，腐熟则为滓秽，乃阴阳自然之妙用也。
食息调燮由于人。
肾有两枚，左属水而右属火；重各九两，右主女而左主男。
左右两枚，共一斤二两，男以左肾为主，女以右肾为主。
连胁系心贴脊膂兮，裹以脂膜，里白外紫如江豆兮，相合若环。
肾连胁下对脐，形如江豆，相并如环，曲贴脊膂膜中，里白外紫。两肾二系相通下行，其上则与心系
通而为一，所谓坎北离南，水火相感者也。左右气常相通，静养极者，左右相合，则精不泄矣。
以左言其概，位北水惟悭；
此条专言左肾天一生水，专一以悭为事，所以五脏俱有补泻，惟肾有补无泻。
纳气收血化精，而为封藏之本；
左肾主纳气收血化精，司冬之令，专主收藏，故曰封藏之本。
壮志造无成有，别号作强之官。
肾藏志，意之所存者谓之志。精完则志壮，志壮则精益完，故曰精志自相随。造无为有，男女交媾，造化
形容。经曰∶作强之官，伎巧出焉。言精志完而强于作用也。又，男曰作强，女曰伎巧。
候在腰而充骨填髓，
肾之候在腰，其充在骨，诸髓皆属于脑，而肾实主之。叔和云∶实梦腰难解，虚行溺水湄。
窍于耳而荣发驻颜。
黑色。小理者肾小，肾小则脏安难伤；粗理者肾大，肾大则善病腰痛不可俯仰，易伤以邪。高耳者肾高，
肾高则苦背膂不可俯仰；耳后陷者肾下，肾下则腰尻痛，或为狐疝。耳坚者肾坚，肾坚则不病腰背痛；耳薄不
坚者肾脆，肾脆则善病消瘅易伤。耳好前居牙车者肾端正，肾端正则和利难伤；耳偏高者肾偏倾，肾偏倾则苦
腰尻痛也。须发颜面皆肾脉所络，阳精盛注于外，则须发荣盛，面体光润。
风旋目KT 无见，或面浮咳水而隐曲不利。
肾风多汗恶风面浮，目视KT KT 无所见，若伏有水气，则目下亦肿，名曰风水。不能偃
卧，偃则咳出清水，男子身重难行，溺黄，女人月事不行，俱谓之隐曲不利。风盛者，膝胫挛急，不能久立。
气动饥不欲食，或喘急奔豚而胁脊痛酸。
饥不欲食，喘嗽喉中鸣者，肾气病也。奔豚者，肾之积。发于小腹，上至心下，如豚之奔然，以夏丙丁日
得之。何以言之？脾病传肾，肾当传心，心以夏适旺，旺者不受邪。肾复欲还脾，脾不肯受，故留结为积。久而
不已，令人喘逆少气，竟至于骨髓痿弱矣。胁脊痛者，肾病小腹腰脊痛、胫酸，三日背膂筋痛、小便闭，
三日腹胀，三日两胁支痛，二日不已，死。冬大晨，夏晏晡。
热则口燥舌干咽痛，甚则小腹胀而背亦强；
少阴脉贯肾络于肺系舌本，故口燥、舌干而渴。邪克于少阴之络，令人咽嗌肿痛，不可纳食。肾病则大小腹
胀痛，背痛引心，厥心痛；引腰者，属肾；引胁者，属膀胱。
虚则心悬骨痿齿摇，甚则梦泄精而囊亦寒。
肾气虚，心悬如饥善恐，惕惕如人将捕，水不胜火，则骨枯而髓虚，故足不任身，发为骨痿。经曰∶肾气
热则腰脊不举，骨枯而髓减，发为骨痿。言虚中有热也。齿者骨之属，肾虚则摇动不固。梦泄者，肾气虚而下
脱，或挟火邪也。囊寒者，肾气衰也。人年六十，气衰发堕齿落，经脉空虚，七十形体皆极，九十如树之有根耳。
血症口唾肠癖足心热，并湿必发黄胆；
经曰∶咳则有血，阳脉伤也。阳气未盛于上而脉满，满则刻期，故血见于鼻与口也。又少阴不足脉涩，病
积溲血。足心热者，心风入肾也。黄胆者，肾虚为湿热乘之，必口淡脚软，是为虚疸。
冷症胸痹茎缩股内痛，并郁必然黑颜。
骨痹者，肾脂髓枯而不满，故寒冷。甚则至骨，痹痛蜷挛，其人身寒，汤火不能热，浓衣不能温。然不
能振栗者，肝为一阳，心为二阳，肾孤脏，一水不胜二火，故不能振栗也。茎缩者，肾窍二阴，冷则痿弱不举，
甚则缩入，俗云脱阳症也。股内后廉痛者，少阴脉起于足小指，走足心，循内踝后入筋中，上内廉股内后廉贯
脊故也。黑颜者，冷郁久则精枯不能上注，故面黑颜衰，肌枯肉瘦。
补以熟地枸杞鹿茸，
钟乳粉、龟板、龙骨、虎骨、五味子、锁阳、山茱萸、杜仲、山药、知母、莲肉、芡实、覆盆子、桑螵蛸、
牡蛎、小草、牛膝、当归、玄参、石楠、合欢、五加皮、楮实。
泻必苦茗猪苓琥珀；
泽泻、茯苓。肾本无泻，此言泻者，伐其邪水邪火也。
温以沉香菟丝附子，
干姜、肉桂、巴戟、葫芦巴、补骨脂、柏子仁、乌药、石楠藤。
凉必知母黄柏牡丹皮。
地骨皮、玄参、竹沥。
吁！早卧晚起阳气复，
冬三月，天地闭藏，早卧晚起，必待日，去寒就温，无泄皮肤，此养藏之道也，逆之则伤肾。四时有肾
病者，亦宜体此以养微阳。凡肾病皆因快情纵欲，失志伤肾，过服丹药。华佗云∶阳剂刚强，则天癸竭而荣卫
涸。
静坐独眠藿豆飧。
静坐则肾水自升，独眠则房色自节。藿、葵、黑豆味咸，黄黍、鸡、桃味辛，肾病宜食。
膀胱 上口阔二寸半，而盛溺九升九合；中广九寸正，而重九两二铢。无出窍也，资气海以施化，府名津
液；
膀胱以虚受水，为津夜之夜。有上窍而无下窍，得气海之气施化，则溲便注泻；气海之气不足，则秘
隐不通。
透绝顶也，司升降之消息，官号州都。
经曰∶州都之官，津液藏焉。
应在毛发，系通心肺；验于皮骨，脏属肾俞。
肾应骨，密理浓皮者，三焦膀胱浓；粗理薄皮者，三焦膀胱薄；疏腠理者，三焦膀胱缓；皮急而无毫毛者，
三焦膀胱急；毫毛美而粗者，三焦膀胱直；稀毫毛者，三焦膀胱结也。
风搏头疼眼旋目泪，恶心筋骨不利；气滞项拔背强腰折，尻痛 胫尤拘。
膀胱脉起于目内 ，上额交巅，其别者，从巅至耳上角。其直行者，从巅入络脑，还出别下项，循肩膊，
挟脊，揭腰中，入循膂，络肾，属膀胱。其支前者，从腰中下脊，贯臀，入 中。其支别者，从膊内左右别下，
贯脾，挟脊，内过膊枢，循髀外后廉，下合 中，以下贯 、内出外踝之后，循京骨至小指外侧端，故病如是。
恶心者，膀胱移邪于小肠，故恶闻食臭。
热结腹满而胞塞，甚则狂发；
热结下焦，则小腹苦满，难于俯仰，胞转闭塞，不得小便，令人发狂。
冷即多唾而带下，甚则沥余。
冷则湿痰上溢则为多唾，湿痰下渗则为带浊，甚则小便沥余，或频数。叔和云∶冷败则遗尿不知。
虚症脑转耳聋，房事举亦无力；血病鼻衄淋（沥）痔（疮），茎囊肿或被吹。
阴茎阴囊肿大，皆湿热以致血瘀。小儿多虫蚁、地风所吹。
温以荜（澄）茄茴香乌药，凉必生地防己地肤（子）；
黄柏、防风、甘草梢、防葵。
泻以车前瞿麦滑石，
芒硝、泽泻、萱草根。
补必橘核益智菖蒲。
龙骨、续断、黄芩。
吁！寡欲一念真秋石，
今人不知吾身自有秋石。谚云∶泄尽真药服假药，十字街头买秋石。
节饮三杯固尾闾。
酒水好停下焦为邪，节之尾闾自固，不患漏泄。
命门 下寄肾右，而丝系曲透膀广之间；
命门，即右肾，言寄者，命门非正脏，三焦非正腑也。命门系曲屈下行，接两肾之系，下尾闾附广肠之
右。通二阴之间，前与膀胱下口于溲溺之处相并而出，乃是精气所泄之道也若女子则子户胞门，亦自广肠之右，
膀胱下口相并而受胎，故气精血脉脑，皆五脏之真，以是当知精血来有自矣。
上为心包，而膈膜横连脂漫之外。
胁下疼痛。肩背部肌肉丰厚的人，肺脏坚实；肺脏坚实，就不会患咳嗽、气逆的病；肩背部肌肉薄弱的人，肺脏脆弱；肺脏脆弱，就容易患消渴、瘅热之病，且容易受外邪伤害。胸背部位肌肉丰厚的人，肺脏位置端正；肺脏位置端正，则功能调和顺畅，难以受伤；肋骨疏朗偏斜的人，肺脏位置偏倾；肺脏位置偏倾，则胸部一侧会疼痛。
气机上逆导致胸中痞塞、背部疼痛，出现喘息哮鸣、气息急促的症状。
肺气太过，就会使人喘咳、气逆，背部隐隐作痛，或者胸膈闷胀的气牵引背部疼痛。又有起居如常但呼吸有声的，这是肺的络脉之气逆行，不能随经脉上下运行所致。息贲，是肺积的名称。说它有时呼吸不畅，有时气逆上冲。位于右胁下，大小像倒扣的杯子，在春季甲乙日得此病。为什么这样说呢？因为心病传变给肺，肺本该传变给肝，但肝在春季正值旺盛，旺盛的脏腑不受邪气侵袭。肺想将邪气返还给心，心也不肯接受，所以邪气停留结聚形成积块。久治不愈，使人洒淅恶寒发热，喘咳并发展为肺痈。
风邪侵袭导致流涕、鼻塞、声音沉重，出现瘾疹、疮疥。
鼻涕是肺的津液，伤风则流涕，鼻塞声音沉重，其声似哭，其志为忧，所以哭泣时眼泪流出。又说肺热则涕出，凡是黄脓样的鼻涕，大如弹丸从鼻中排出，若排不出则会损伤肺脏。肺主皮毛，风邪盛则生瘾疹、疮疥。
热邪滞留咽喉、胸膈、尻阴及股膝部位，都会疼痛，鼻部可能出现粉刺、鼻痔或鼻渊。
肺通喉舌，征候反映在胸中，所以热邪壅滞会导致喉舌肿痛，胸膈满闷。尻阴、股、膝疼痛属于痿证，是因为肺热叶焦所致。鼻端紫红有粉刺，称为鼻齄。内生赘肉，称为鼻痔。流涕不止，称为鼻渊。这些都是上热下虚的表现。
肺气极度虚弱，呼吸微弱，频繁打哈欠伸懒腰，小便频数，可能发展为肺痿、肺痈或劳瘵。
肺主气，气虚则呼吸短促，气息不足，小便频数或遗尿。虚损严重时，被相火所乘，就会咳血，或成为劳瘵、肺痈、肺痿。
受冷时身体颤抖，呕吐涎沫。
用力时颤抖，声音嘶哑，气虚，这是卫气寒冷严重的表现。肺脉起于中焦，向下联络大肠，沿着胃的上口向上穿过膈肌，归属于肺，所以虚寒时容易呕吐泡沫状痰液。
血燥导致手掌发热，干咳。
手太阴肺经的别名列缺穴，起于腕上，与手太阴经并行直入掌中，所以肺经血燥，掌心也会发热。干咳是因为肺中没有津液。
用参（人参）、白胶（阿胶）、五味子来补益。
还有山药、紫菀、酸枣仁、麦门冬、车前子、百部、白胶、栝蒌仁、白茯苓。
温补必须用陈皮、半夏、干姜。
还有款冬花、生姜、白豆蔻、肉桂、木香、杏仁、苏子。
凉润用知母、栝蒌、桔梗。
还有沙参、天门冬、玄参、贝母、马兜铃、香薷、枯芩、冬瓜子、萝卜子、犀角、百部、山栀、枇杷叶、人溺、石膏、青黛。
泻下必须用葶苈子、桑白皮、蛤蚧。
还有防风、槟榔、枳壳、通草、泽泻、赤茯苓、琥珀、冬葵子。
轻声说话，饮食精美自然能清虚。
凡肺病都是因为呼叫过度，或煎炸爆炒、饮酒、吃面食、姜椒过多，导致虚实病变。病人宜轻声缓语以养气，食用苦味的麦子、羊肉、杏、薤，苦味可以滋润燥邪。
早起晚睡，防止灾害。
秋季三个月，天地气象平定，早睡早起，与鸡同起，收敛神气，这是养收之道。违背它就会伤肺，冬季会发生飧泄，供养肾脏封藏的物质就少了。
大肠又名回肠，长二丈一尺，直径四寸，容纳水谷一斗七升半；
回肠，在脐右侧回旋叠积十六个弯曲，直径一寸半，容纳谷物一斗，水七升半。
魄门上应阑门，长二尺八寸，直径八寸，容纳谷物九升三合八分。
魄门，肺藏魄的地方。又叫广肠，说它比大小肠广阔。又叫肛门，说它的形状像车缸。《内经》把它当作一个脏，所以俗称坠脏。热重则下坠或突出，虚脱则下垂不收。容纳谷物九升三合八分，专门主管排泄而不纳受。肠胃总共容纳水谷八斗七升六合八分。阑门，是大、小肠各自受纳物传化而相会于此的地方，渣滓进入广肠，水液进入膀胱，关阑分隔，所以叫阑门。
肛门重十二两；肠重二斤。
肛门重十二两，大肠重二斤十二两。
总通于肺，并与心、肾、膀胱联系，系于膈膜；
肛门也是大肠的下段，总体与肺互为表里。大小肠的系膜自膈下与脊骨连心、肾、膀胱相连，脂膜筋络散布包裹，然而各有纹理，罗络大小肠与膀胱。其中的细脉，是气血津液流走的通道。
外在应于皮肤，而气血津液润泽干燥不均。
肺应皮肤，腹皮厚的人，大肠厚；皮薄的人，大肠薄；皮松弛腹部宽大的人，大肠大而长；皮紧绷的人，大肠急而短；皮光滑的人，大肠直；皮肉紧密相连的人，大肠结。气血津液调和则大便也调畅，燥热则大便坚硬涩滞，寒湿则大便润滑通畅。
风邪搏结导致耳鸣、齿痛、便血，有时想吃却不想吃，呕吐清水；
便血有远有近，是因为肠系连接心、肾、膀胱的缘故。吃东西就呕吐的，是肺中风邪传入大肠，使肠中宛转搏动向上，不想进食，吃了就呕吐清冷水。
血壅滞导致鼻衄、目黄、喉痹，有时大拇指、次指及肩部疼痛频繁。
手阳明大肠脉起于大拇指、次指的末端，沿手臂外侧上行至肩前廉，下入下齿，还出环绕口唇，在人中穴交叉，左脉向右，右脉向左，夹鼻孔旁，交会于目内侧，所以生病如此。
气秘导致腹胀、切痛，外注皮肤坚硬；
气滞留在肠中，切痛或鸣响，腹胀，大便秘涩。再次感受寒邪，脐周疼痛，随即腹泻。不能久站。如果气注于体表，挟带痰饮，则皮肤坚硬但不痛。
热秘导致脐满、口疮，内结痔疮、痈痢。
脐旁满痛，大便不通，或气喘不能站立，或口中生疮，都是热症。湿热内结，则为痔漏、肠痈，痢下赤白。赤色就是“赤”。
虚证则肠鸣、身体容易消瘦，冷证则滑脱、耳朵听不见。
肠气虚则鸣响，身体枯瘦如鸡皮有鳞。虚冷则滑泄、脱肛、耳聋。经说：邪气侵犯阳明之络，令人耳聋，时常听不见声音。
补益用粟壳、五倍子、棕榈皮，
还有牡蛎、木香、肉豆蔻、莲肉、蓁子、诃子、龙骨。
泻下必须用硝石、大黄、续随子、桃仁；
还有芒硝、大黄、续随子、枳壳、麻仁、石斛、槟榔、旋复花、榧实、巴豆、葱白、牵牛。
温补用吴茱萸、人参、干姜、肉桂，
还有干姜、肉桂、半夏、桃花石、木香、石蜜。
凉润必用黄芩、黄连、槐花、茅根。
还有黄芩、黄连、天花粉、玄参、砂糖。
唉！水谷的变化自然奇妙，
经说：大肠是传道之官，变化由此产生。《难经》说：唇是飞门（说嘴唇张开食物进入如飞），齿是户门（饮食由此进入），咽是吸门（说咽入不得复出），胃是贲门（说咽下贲向于胃），太仓下口是幽门（在脐下三寸。居于幽暗，所以命名），加上阑门、魄门，合为七冲门，都是水谷变化出入相冲的要路。只是水谷清芳甘美，运布就成为精微，腐熟就成为滓秽，这是阴阳自然的妙用。
饮食作息的调燮在于人。
肾有两个，左边属水右边属火；每个重九两，右边主女左边主男。
左右两个，共一斤二两，男人以左肾为主，女人以右肾为主。
连接胁下，系于心，贴靠脊骨，裹着脂膜，里面白色外面紫色像豇豆，相互结合像环。
肾连接胁下对脐，形状像豇豆，并列如环，弯曲贴靠脊骨膜中，里面白外面紫。两肾两条系膜相通下行，其上则与心系相通为一，所谓坎北离南，水火相感。左右之气常相通，静养至极者，左右相合，精气就不会泄漏了。
以左肾来说其概况，位在北方的水唯独吝啬；
这条专门讲左肾天一生水，专一以吝啬收藏为事，所以五脏都有补泻，只有肾有补无泻。
纳气收血化精，作为封藏的根本；
左肾主纳气收血化精，司管冬季的命令，专门主管收藏，所以叫封藏之本。
壮志造就从无到有，别号称为作强之官。
肾藏志，意念所存留的叫志。精气完善则志壮，志壮则精益完善，所以说精志自然相随。造无为有，男女交媾，形容造化。经说：作强之官，伎巧由此产生。说精志完善而作用强劲。另外，男称作强，女称伎巧。
征候在腰部，充养骨骼填髓，
肾的征候在腰，其充实在骨，诸髓都归属于脑，而肾实际上主宰它。叔和说：实证梦见腰解不开，虚证梦见行走在水边。
开窍于耳，荣华于发，驻颜。
黑色。纹理细密的人肾小，肾小则脏腑安宁难受伤；纹理粗疏的人肾大，肾大则容易患腰痛不可俯仰的病，容易受邪气伤害。耳朵高的人肾高，肾高则苦于背脊不可俯仰；耳后凹陷的人肾下，肾下则腰尻痛，或为狐疝。耳朵坚实的人肾坚，肾坚则不患腰背痛；耳朵薄且不坚实的人肾脆，肾脆则容易患消渴瘅热之病易受伤。耳朵好且向前位于牙车处的人肾端正，肾端正则调和顺畅难受伤；耳朵偏高的人肾偏倾，肾偏倾则苦于腰尻痛。须发颜面都是肾脉所络，阳精盛注于外，则须发荣盛，面部身体光润。
风邪旋转导致眼睛昏花看不见，或面部浮肿、咳吐清水且隐曲不利。
肾风多汗恶风面部浮肿，眼睛视物模糊看不清，如果伏有水气，则眼下也肿，名叫风水。不能仰卧，仰卧则咳出清水，男子身体沉重难行，尿黄，女子月经不行，都叫隐曲不利。风邪盛者，膝胫挛急，不能久站。
气机变动导致饥饿却不想吃，或气喘急促、奔豚以及胁脊痛酸。
饥饿却不想吃，气喘咳嗽喉中鸣响的，是肾气病。奔豚，是肾的积块。发于小腹，上至心下，像小猪奔跑一样，在夏季丙丁日得此病。为什么这样说呢？脾病传变给肾，肾本该传变给心，但心在夏季正值旺盛，旺盛的脏腑不受邪气侵袭。肾想将邪气返还给脾，脾不肯接受，所以停留结聚形成积块。久而不愈，使人喘逆少气，最终至于骨髓痿弱。胁脊痛，是肾病，小腹腰脊痛、腿酸，三天后背脊筋痛、小便闭，三天后腹胀，两天两胁支痛，两天不好，死。冬季早晨大亮，夏季傍晚。
热证导致口燥舌干咽痛，严重则小腹胀而背部也僵硬；
少阴脉贯穿肾络于肺系舌本，所以口燥、舌干而渴。邪气侵犯少阴之络，令人咽喉肿痛，不能进食。肾病则大小腹胀痛，背痛引心，厥心痛；引腰的，属肾；引胁的，属膀胱。
虚证则心中悬空感、骨痿、牙齿动摇，严重则梦遗精而阴囊也寒冷。
肾气虚，心中悬空如饥饿般恐惧，惕惕不安像被人追捕，水不胜火，则骨枯而髓虚，所以脚不能支撑身体，发为骨痿。经说：肾气热则腰脊不能抬起，骨枯而髓减，发为骨痿。说虚中有热。齿是骨的附属，肾虚则动摇不固。梦遗，是肾气虚而下脱，或挟带火邪。囊寒，是肾气衰败。人六十岁，气衰发落齿掉，经脉空虚，七十岁形体皆极，九十岁像树有根一样。
血症导致口唾血、肠癖、足心热，并湿必然发黄胆；
经说：咳嗽则有血，阳脉受伤。阳气未盛于上而脉满，满则按期发作，所以血见于鼻与口。又少阴不足脉涩，病积溲血。足心热，是心风入肾。黄胆，是肾虚被湿热乘之，必口淡脚软，这叫虚疸。
冷症导致胸痹、茎缩、股内痛，并郁结必然面色黑。
骨痹，是肾脂髓枯而不满，所以寒冷。严重则至骨，痹痛蜷挛，人身寒，汤火不能热，厚衣不能温。然而不能振栗的，肝为一阳，心为二阳，肾是孤脏，一水不胜二火，所以不能振栗。茎缩，是肾窍二阴，冷则痿弱不举，严重则缩入，俗云脱阳症。股内后廉痛，是少阴脉起于足小指，走足心，循内踝后入筋中，上内廉股内后廉贯脊的缘故。面色黑，是冷郁久则精枯不能上注，所以面黑颜衰，肌枯肉瘦。
补益用熟地黄、枸杞、鹿茸，
还有钟乳粉、龟板、龙骨、虎骨、五味子、锁阳、山茱萸、杜仲、山药、知母、莲肉、芡实、覆盆子、桑螵蛸、牡蛎、小草、牛膝、当归、玄参、石楠、合欢、五加皮、楮实。
泻下必用苦茗、猪苓、琥珀；
还有泽泻、茯苓。肾本无泻，这里说泻，是伐除邪水邪火。
温补用沉香、菟丝子、附子，
还有干姜、肉桂、巴戟、葫芦巴、补骨脂、柏子仁、乌药、石楠藤。
凉润必用知母、黄柏、牡丹皮。
还有地骨皮、玄参、竹沥。
唉！早卧晚起阳气恢复，
冬季三个月，天地闭藏，早卧晚起，必待日出，去寒就温，不要使皮肤发泄，这是养藏之道，违背它就会伤肾。四季有肾病的人，也应当体察此道以养微阳。凡肾病都是因为快情纵欲，失志伤肾，过服丹药。华佗说：阳剂刚强，则天癸竭而营卫涸。
静坐独眠，食用藿、豆、餐食。
静坐则肾水自升，独眠则房事自节。藿、葵、黑豆味咸，黄黍、鸡、桃味辛，肾病适宜食用。
膀胱上口阔二寸半，而盛尿九升九合；中间广九寸正，而重九两二铢。没有出窍，资助气海以施化，府名津液；
膀胱以虚受水，为津液之府。有上窍而无下窍，得气海之气施化，则溲便注泻；气海之气不足，则秘隐不通。
透绝顶，司升降的消息，官号州都。
经说：州都之官，津液藏焉。
应在毛发，系通心肺；验于皮骨，脏属肾俞。
肾应骨，纹理细密皮厚的人，三焦膀胱厚；纹理粗疏皮薄的人，三焦膀胱薄；腠理疏松的人，三焦膀胱缓；皮紧绷而无毫毛的人，三焦膀胱急；毫毛美而粗的人，三焦膀胱直；毫毛稀疏的人，三焦膀胱结。
风邪搏结导致头疼、眼旋、流泪，恶心、筋骨不利；气滞导致项拔、背强、腰折，尻痛、胫尤拘挛。
膀胱脉起于目内眦，上额交巅，其别者，从巅至耳上角。其直行者，从巅入络脑，还出别下项，循肩膊，挟脊，揭腰中，入循膂，络肾，属膀胱。其支前者，从腰中下脊，贯臀，入腘中。其支别者，从膊内左右别下，贯脾，挟脊，内过膊枢，循髀外后廉，下合腘中，以下贯腨内，出外踝之后，循京骨至小指外侧端，所以生病如此。
恶心，是膀胱移邪于小肠，所以恶闻食臭。
热结导致腹满而胞塞，严重则发狂；
热结下焦，则小腹苦满，难于俯仰，胞转闭塞，不得小便，令人发狂。
冷则多唾而带下，严重则尿余沥。
冷则湿痰上溢则为多唾，湿痰下渗则为带浊，严重则小便沥余，或频数。叔和说：冷败则遗尿不知。
虚证导致脑转、耳聋，房事举亦无力；血病导致鼻衄、淋沥、痔疮，阴茎阴囊肿或被吹。
阴茎阴囊肿大，都是湿热以致血瘀。小儿多虫蚁、地风所吹。
温补用荜澄茄、茴香、乌药，凉润必用地黄、防己、地肤子；
还有黄柏、防风、甘草梢、防葵。
泻下用车前子、瞿麦、滑石，
还有芒硝、泽泻、萱草根。
补益必用橘核、益智仁、石菖蒲。
还有龙骨、续断、黄芩。
唉！寡欲一念真秋石，
今人不知吾身自有秋石。谚语说：泄尽真药服假药，十字街头买秋石。
节制饮酒三杯巩固尾闾。
酒水喜好停下焦为邪，节制它尾闾自然坚固，不怕漏泄。
命门寄居在肾右，而丝系曲折通透膀胱广肠之间；
命门，即右肾，说寄居，是因为命门非正脏，三焦非正腑。命门系曲屈下行，接两肾之系，下尾闾附广肠之右。通二阴之间，前与膀胱下口于溲溺之处相并而出，乃是精气所泄之道。若女子则子户胞门，亦自广肠之右，膀胱下口相并而受胎，故气精血脉脑，皆五脏之真，以此可知精血来源有自。
Pain under the ribs. Individuals with thick and fleshy shoulders and backs have solid Lungs (Fei, 肺); solid Lungs do not suffer from coughing and Qi rebellion (Ke Shangqi, 咳上气). Those with thin shoulders and backs have fragile Lungs; fragile Lungs suffer from Xiao Dan (Xiao Ke and heat syndromes, 消瘅) and are easily injured. Thick chest and back indicate upright Lungs; upright Lungs are harmonious and difficult to injure. Sparse or slanted ribs indicate tilted Lungs; tilted Lungs cause pain on one side of the chest.
Qi rebellion causes chest fullness and back pain, with wheezing and panting (Xuan Xiao Xi Ben, 喘哮息贲).
Excessive Lung Qi causes panting, coughing, and Qi rebellion, with aching back pain, or Qi tension in the chest and diaphragm pulling to the back pain. Another condition where breathing is normal but noisy is due to reversed Qi in the Lung collaterals that cannot follow the meridians up and down. Xiben (Xi Ben, 息贲) is the name for a Lung accumulation. It refers to intermittent breathlessness and Qi surging. Located under the right hypochondrium, size like an inverted cup, contracted on Jia/Yi days in Spring. Why? Heart disease transmits to the Lung; the Lung should transmit to the Liver, but the Liver is prosperous in Spring and does not accept pathogenic factors. The Lung tries to return the pathogen to the Heart, but the Heart refuses, so it stays and forms an accumulation. If prolonged, it causes chills and fever, panting, coughing, and develops into Lung Abscess (Fei Yong, 肺痈).
Wind causes floating mucus, nasal congestion, and heavy voice, along with urticaria (Yin Zhen, 瘾疹), sores, and scabies.
Mucus is the fluid of the Lung. Wind invasion causes runny nose, nasal congestion, heavy voice, crying sounds, and sorrowful spirit, hence tears flow when crying. Also, Lung heat causes mucus discharge. Yellow pus-like mucus, large as a pill, exiting the nose; if not discharged, it injures the Lung. The Lung governs skin and hair; excessive wind generates urticaria, sores, and scabies.
Heat lingers in the throat, diaphragm, sacrum, yin, thighs, and knees, causing pain in all areas. Nasal acne (Bi Za, 鼻齄), nasal polyps (Bi Zhi, 鼻痔), or nasal sinusitis (Bi Yuan, 鼻渊) may occur.
The Lung connects to the throat and tongue, manifesting in the chest. Heat stagnation causes sore throat and swollen tongue, chest and diaphragm fullness. Pain in the sacrum, yin, thighs, and knees belongs to Wei syndrome (Wei Zheng, 痿证), caused by Lung heat drying the leaves. Purple-red acne on the nasal tip is called Bi Za. Internal flesh growth is Bi Zhi. Unceasing mucus discharge is Bi Yuan. All are upper heat and lower deficiency.
Extreme deficiency leads to shallow breathing, yawning, frequent urination; Lung Flaccidity (Fei Wei, 肺痿), Lung Abscess, or Consumption (Zhai, 瘵) may develop.
The Lung governs Qi. Deficiency leads to shortness of breath and insufficient respiration, frequent or incontinent urination. Severe deficiency allows Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo, 相火) to attack, causing hemoptysis, or developing into Consumption, Lung Abscess, or Lung Flaccidity.
Cold causes body tremors and vomiting of saliva.
Trembling with effort, hoarse voice, and Qi deficiency indicate severe Cold in the Defensive Qi (Wei Qi, 卫气). The Lung meridian originates in the middle jiao, connects to the Large Intestine, follows the stomach opening, passes through the diaphragm, and enters the Lung. Thus, deficiency-cold leads to vomiting foam.
Blood dryness causes hot palms and dry cough.
The collateral Lieque (LU7, 列缺) of the Hand Taiyin starts above the wrist and enters the palm with the Taiyin meridian. Thus, Lung blood dryness causes hot palms. Dry cough is due to lack of fluids in the Lung.
Tonify with Ginseng (Renshen, 人参), Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao, 阿胶), and Schisandra (Wuweizi, 五味子).
Also: Yam (Shanyao, 山药), Aster Root (Ziwan, 紫菀), Sour Jujube Seed (Suanzaoren, 酸枣仁), Ophiopogon (Mendong, 麦门冬), Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi, 车前子), Stemona (Baibu, 百部), White Gelatin, Trichosanthes Seed (Gualouren, 栝蒌仁), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓).
Warmth requires Tangerine Peel (Chenpi, 陈皮), Pinellia (Banxia, 半夏), and Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 干姜).
Also: Winter Flower (Kuandonghua, 款冬花), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 生姜), White Cardamom (Baidoukou, 白豆蔻), Cinnamon (Guirou, 肉桂), Costus Root (Muxiang, 木香), Apricot Seed (Xingren, 杏仁), Perilla Fruit (Suzi, 苏子).
Cool with Anemarrhena (Zhimu, 知母), Trichosanthes (Gualou, 栝蒌), and Platycodon (Jiegeng, 桔梗).
Also: Glehnia (Shashen, 沙参), Asparagus (Tiandong, 天门冬), Scrophularia (Xuanshen, 玄参), Fritillaria (Beimu, 贝母), Aristolochia (Madouling, 马兜铃), Elsholtzia (Xiangru, 香薷), Old Scutellaria (Kuhuang, 枯芩), Winter Melon Seed (Dongguazi, 冬瓜子), Radish Seed (Luobozhong, 萝卜子), Rhinoceros Horn (Xijiao, 犀角 - *note: banned*), Stemona, Gardenia (Shanzhi, 山栀), Loquat Leaf (Pipaye, 枇杷叶), Human Urine (Renliao, 人溺), Gypsum (Shigao, 石膏), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai, 青黛).
Purge with Lepidium Seed (Tinglizi, 葶苈子), Mulberry Bark (Sangpí, 桑皮), and Gecko (Gejie, 蛤蚧).
Also: Saposhnikovia (Fangfeng, 防风), Areca Nut (Binglang, 槟榔), Aurantium (Zhike, 枳壳), Trogopterus Dung (Tongcao, 通草 - *note: usually Akebia*), Alisma (Zexie, 泽泻), Red Poria (Chifuling, 赤茯苓), Amber (Hupo, 琥珀), Okra Seed (Dongkuizi, 冬葵子).
Speak softly, eat well, and naturally clear deficiency.
Lung diseases often result from over-shouting, or excessive fried foods, alcohol, wheat, ginger, and pepper, leading to excess or deficiency. Patients should speak softly to nourish Qi, and eat bitter wheat, mutton, apricots, and wild garlic (Xie, 薤); bitterness moistens dryness.
Wake early, sleep late to prevent disaster.
In the three months of Autumn, heaven and earth are calm. Sleep early, rise early, rise with the rooster, gather the spirit, which is the way of Nourishing Harvest (Yang Shou, 养收). Violating this injures the Lung, causing loose stools in Winter, reducing what supports storage.
The Large Intestine is also called Hui Chang (Returning Intestine), two zhang one chi long, four cun wide, holding one dou seven sheng half of water and grain;
The Returning Intestine loops sixteen times to the right of the navel, one cun half wide, holding one dou of grain and seven sheng half of water.
The Po Gate (Po Men, 魄门) corresponds to the Lan Gate, two chi eight cun long, eight cun wide, holding nine sheng three he eight fen of grain.
The Po Gate is where the Lung stores the Po (Corporeal Soul). Also called Guang Chang (Broad Intestine), meaning broader than small/large intestines. Also called An Men (Anus), shaped like a chariot wheel hub. *Neijing* considers it a Zang organ, hence popularly called "falling organ". Heat causes heaviness or prolapse; deficiency causes falling and inability to retract. Holds nine sheng three he eight fen of grain, solely governing excretion, not reception. Total gastrointestinal capacity is eight dou seven sheng six he eight fen. The Lan Gate is where small and large intestines meet; dregs enter the Broad Intestine, water enters the Bladder, separated by the gate, hence named Lan Gate.
The anus weighs twelve liang; the intestine weighs two jin.
The anus weighs twelve liang, the Large Intestine weighs two jin twelve liang.
Connects generally to the Lung, and links to the Heart, Kidney, and Bladder via the diaphragm;
The anus is the lower segment of the Large Intestine, generally exterior-interior with the Lung. The mesentery of small and large intestines connects below the diaphragm to the spine, linking to the Heart, Kidney, and Bladder. Fat membranes and sinews spread and wrap, each with distinct textures, surrounding the intestines and Bladder. Fine vessels are pathways for Qi, Blood, and Body Fluids.
Manifests externally on the skin, while Qi, Blood, and Body Fluids vary in moisture and dryness.
The Lung corresponds to the skin. Thick abdominal skin indicates thick Large Intestine; thin skin indicates thin Large Intestine. Loose skin with large abdomen indicates large and long Large Intestine. Tight skin indicates tight and short Large Intestine. Smooth skin indicates straight Large Intestine. Skin and flesh inseparable indicates knotted Large Intestine. Harmonious Qi, Blood, and Body Fluids lead to regular bowels; dry-heat leads to hard and constipated stools; cold-dampness leads to slippery and loose stools.
Wind collision causes tinnitus, toothache, hematochezia, or desire to eat but not eating, vomiting clear water;
Hematochezia varies in distance because the intestinal mesentery connects to the Heart, Kidney, and Bladder. Vomiting upon eating occurs when Wind in the Lung transmits to the Large Intestine, causing internal twisting and upward rebellion, rejecting food, leading to vomiting of clear cold water.
Blood stagnation causes epistaxis, yellow eyes, throat obstruction, or frequent pain in the thumb, index finger, and shoulder.
The Hand Yangming meridian starts at the end of the thumb and index finger, runs up the arm, exits the anterior edge of the shoulder, enters lower teeth, returns to cross the philtrum, left crossing to right, right to left, flanking the nostrils, meeting at the inner canthus. Hence symptoms arise thus.
Qi constipation causes abdominal fullness and cutting pain, external hardness of skin;
Qi stagnation in the intestines causes cutting pain or borborygmus, abdominal fullness, and dry constipation. Heavy Cold contraction causes periumbilical pain and diarrhea. Cannot stand long. If Qi flows outward with Phlegm, skin becomes hard but painless.
Heat constipation causes umbilical fullness and mouth ulcers, internal hemorrhoids, abscesses, and dysentery.
Periumbilical fullness and pain, bowel obstruction, or panting unable to stand, or mouth ulcers, are all Heat syndromes. Internal damp-heat knotting causes hemorrhoids, fistulas, intestinal abscesses, and dysentery with red and white discharge. Chi (Red) means red color.
Deficiency causes borborygmus and easy emaciation; Cold causes sliding discharge and deafness.
Intestinal Qi deficiency causes rumbling; body withers like chicken skin with scales. Deficiency-cold causes sliding diarrhea, rectal prolapse, and deafness. Classic says: Pathogen attacking Yangming collaterals causes deafness, hearing intermittently.
Tonify with Poppy Shell (Suke, 粟壳), Chinese Gall (Wubeizi, 五倍子), Palm Knot (Zonglü, 棕榈).
Also: Oyster Shell (Muli, 牡蛎), Costus Root, Nutmeg (Roudoukou, 肉豆蔻), Lotus Seed (Lianrou, 莲肉), Cornelian Cherry (Zhenzi, 蓁子 - *likely Yuzuru*), Chebula (Hezi, 诃子), Dragon Bone (Longgu, 龙骨).
Purge with Mirabilite (Xiaoshi, 硝石), Rhubarb (Dahuang, 大黄), Spurge Seed (Xuisui, 续随), Peach Kernel (Taoren, 桃仁);
Also: Mirabilite, Rhubarb, Spurge Seed, Aurantium, Hemp Seed (Maren, 麻仁), Dendrobium (Shihu, 石斛), Areca Nut, Inula Flower (Xuanjufang, 旋复花), Torrey Fruit (Feishi, 榧实), Croton Seed (Badou, 巴豆), Scallion White (Congbai, 葱白), Morning Glory Seed (Qianniu, 牵牛).
Warm with Evodia (Wuyu, 吴萸), Ginseng, Dried Ginger, Cinnamon;
Also: Dried Ginger, Cinnamon, Pinellia, Peach Blossom Stone (Taohuashi, 桃花石), Costus Rock, Honey (Shimi, 石蜜).
Cool with Scutellaria (Huangqin, 芩), Coptis (Lian, 连), Sophora Flower (Huaihua, 槐花), Imperata Root (Maogen, 茅根).
Also: Scutellaria, Coptis, Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen, 天花粉), Scrophularia, Sugar (Shatang, 砂糖).
Alas! The transformation of water and grain is naturally wondrous.
Classic says: The Large Intestine is the official of transmission, transformations emerge here. *Nan Jing* says: Lips are Fei Men (Flying Gate, food enters swiftly); Teeth are Hu Men (Door Gate, food enters here); Throat is Xi Men (Inhaling Gate, food goes down never returning); Stomach is Ben Men (Surging Gate, food surges into stomach); Lower opening of Tai Cang is You Men (Secluded Gate, 3 cun below navel, dark place); plus Lan Gate and Po Gate, forming Seven Rush Gates, key paths for water/grain transformation and exit/entry. Water/grain sweet and fragrant become essence when transported; rotting becomes waste, the wonderful use of Yin-Yang.
Diet and rest regulation depend on humans.
Two Kidneys, left Water, right Fire; each nine liang, right female, left male.
Left and right total one jin two liang. Males prioritize Left Kidney; females prioritize Right Kidney.
Connected to hypochondrium, linked to Heart, adhering to spine, wrapped in fat membrane, white inside, purple outside like kidney beans, joining like a ring.
Kidneys connect to hypochondrium opposite navel, shape like kidney beans, joined like a ring, curved against spinal membrane, white inside, purple outside. Two renal systems connect downward, upper part connects to Heart system as one, Kan North Li South, Water and Fire interacting. Left and Right Qi constantly communicate; extreme quiet cultivation merges them, preventing Essence leakage.
Speaking of the Left generally, located in North Water, it is stingy;
This section specifically discusses Left Kidney generating Water (Tian Yi Sheng Shui), specializing in stinginess/storage. Hence, five Zang organs have tonification and purgation, only Kidney has tonification without purgation.
Receiving Qi, collecting Blood, transforming Essence, serving as the root of sealing and storing;
Left Kidney receives Qi, collects Blood, transforms Essence, governs Winter command, specializes in storage, hence called Root of Sealing and Storing.
Strong will creates existence from non-existence, alias Official of Strength (Zuo Qiang Zhi Guan, 作强之官).
Kidney stores Will (Zhi, 志). What意念存留 is Will. Complete Essence makes Will strong; strong Will makes Essence complete. Hence Essence and Will follow each other. Creating existence from non-existence, sexual intercourse describes creation. Classic says: Official of Strength, skills and ingenuity emerge. Means Essence and Will complete, strength in action. Also, Male is Strength, Female is Ingenuity.
Manifests in waist, fills bones and marrow;
Kidney manifests in waist, fills bones. All marrow belongs to Brain, governed by Kidney. He Suhe said: Excess dreams of untied waist; deficiency dreams of walking by water.
Opens to ears, prospers hair, preserves face.
Black color. Fine texture indicates small Kidney; small Kidney is safe and hard to injure. Coarse texture indicates large Kidney; large Kidney suffers腰痛, cannot bend/straighten, easily injured. High ears indicate high Kidney; high Kidney suffers back/spine stiffness. Depressed behind ears indicates low Kidney; low Kidney suffers waist/sacrum pain or fox hernia. Firm ears indicate firm Kidney; firm Kidney avoids back/waist pain. Thin/unfirm ears indicate fragile Kidney; fragile Kidney suffers Xiao Dan and easy injury. Ears forward at jaw indicate upright Kidney; upright Kidney is harmonious and hard to injure. High ears indicate tilted Kidney; tilted Kidney suffers waist/sacrum pain. Beard, hair, face are connected by Kidney meridians. Abundant Yang Essence pours outward, making beard/hair lush and face/body radiant.
Wind spinning causes blurred vision, or facial edema, coughing water, and difficulty in private functions.
Kidney Wind causes sweating, aversion to wind, facial edema, blurred vision. If water qi lies hidden, eye bags swell, named Feng Shui (Wind Water). Cannot lie flat; lying flat causes coughing clear water. Men have heavy bodies, difficult walking, yellow urine; women have amenorrhea. All called "difficulty in private functions" (Yin Qu Bu Li, 隐曲不利). Excessive wind causes knee/calf spasms, inability to stand long.
Qi movement causes hunger without appetite, or panting, Ben Tun (Running Piglet), and hypochondriac/spine pain/soreness.
Hunger without appetite, panting/coughing with throat鸣, is Kidney Qi disease. Bentun is a Kidney accumulation. Starts in lower abdomen, rises to heart area, like a running piglet, contracted on Bing/Ding days in Summer. Why? Spleen disease transmits to Kidney; Kidney should transmit to Heart, but Heart is prosperous in Summer and rejects pathogens. Kidney tries to return pathogen to Spleen, Spleen refuses, so it knots into accumulation. Prolonged, causes panting/rebellion, shortness of breath, eventually bone marrow weakness. Hypochondriac/spine pain is Kidney disease: lower abdomen/waist/spine pain, leg soreness; after 3 days back/spine tendon pain, urinary retention; after 3 days abdominal distension; after 2 days hypochondriac support pain; if not better in 2 days, death. Winter morning bright, summer evening.
Heat causes dry mouth/tongue/throat pain, severe lower abdominal fullness and back stiffness;
Shaoyin meridian penetrates Kidney, connects to Lung system and tongue base, hence dry mouth/tongue/thirst. Pathogen attacking Shaoyin collateral causes sore/swollen throat, inability to eat. Kidney disease causes lower/upper abdominal distension/pain, back pain radiating to heart, Jue心痛; radiating to waist belongs to Kidney; radiating to hypochondrium belongs to Bladder.
Deficiency causes hanging heart sensation, bone flaccidity, loose teeth, severe dream emission and cold scrotum.
Kidney Qi deficiency causes hanging heart sensation like hunger and fear,惕惕不安 like being hunted. Water fails to control Fire, bones wither, marrow empties, feet cannot support body, developing Bone Flaccidity (Gu Wei, 骨痿). Classic says: Kidney Heat causes stiff waist/spine, withered bones, reduced marrow, developing Bone Flaccidity. Means deficiency contains heat. Teeth are bone appendages; Kidney deficiency causes loose teeth. Dream emission is Kidney Qi deficiency sinking, or carrying Fire pathogen. Cold scrotum is Kidney Qi decline. At sixty, Qi declines, hair falls, teeth drop, meridities empty. At seventy, form is extreme. At ninety, like a tree with roots.
Blood syndrome causes spitting blood, intestinal dysentery, hot soles, and dampness inevitably causes jaundice;
Classic says: Coughing blood injures Yang meridians. Yang Qi not yet abundant above but pulse full, full then periodic, hence blood in nose/mouth. Also Shaoyin deficiency, pulse choppy, accumulation disease, bloody urine. Hot soles is Heart Wind entering Kidney. Jaundice is Kidney deficiency attacked by damp-heat, pale mouth, soft legs, called Xu Dan (Deficiency Jaundice).
Cold syndrome causes chest bi, penile retraction, inner thigh pain, and depression inevitably causes black face.
Bone Bi is Kidney fat/marrow枯 and insufficient, hence cold. Severe reaches bone, bi pain curling, body cold, soup/fire cannot warm, thick clothes cannot warm. Yet cannot shiver: Liver is One Yang, Heart is Two Yang, Kidney is solitary Zang, one Water cannot overcome two Fires, hence no shivering. Penile retraction: Kidney orifices are two yins. Cold causes impotence, severe retraction, popularly Tuoyang syndrome. Inner posterior thigh pain: Shaoyin meridian starts little toe, walks sole, follows medial malleolus, enters tendons, ascends medial thigh posterior, pierces spine. Black face: Cold depression long-term causes Essence枯, unable to ascend, hence black face, decayed complexion, withered muscle/flesh.
Tonify with Prepared Rehmannia (Shudi, 熟地), Goji (Gouqi, 枸杞), Deer Antler (Lurong, 鹿茸).
Also: Milky Cloud Powder (Zhongrufen, 钟乳粉), Turtle Shell (Guiban, 龟板), Dragon Bone, Tiger Bone (Hugu, 虎骨 - *banned*), Schisandra, Lockbone (Suoyang, 锁阳), Cornelian Dogwood (Shanzhuyu, 山茱萸), Eucommia (Duzhong, 杜仲), Yam, Anemarrhena, Lotus Seed, Euryale Seed (Qianshi, 芡实), Raspberry (Fupenzi, 覆盆子), Mantis Egg-case (Sangpiaoxiao, 桑螵蛸), Oyster Shell, Xiao Cao (小草 - *likely Bupleurum or similar*), Achyranthes (Niuxi, 牛膝), Angelica (Danggui, 当归), Scrophularia, Nanmu (Shinan, 石楠), Albizia (Hehuan, 合欢), Five-finger Pine (Wujiapi, 五加皮), Catalpa Seed (Chushi, 楮实).
Purge with Tea (Kuming, 苦茗), Polyporus (Zhuling, 猪苓), Amber;
Also: Alisma, Poria. Kidney originally has no purge; this purge removes Evil Water/Fire.
Warm with Agarwood (Chenxiang, 沉香), Dodder Seed (Tusisi, 菟丝), Aconite (Fuzi, 附子).
Also: Dried Ginger, Cinnamon, Morinda (Ba Ji, 巴戟), Fenugreek (Huluba, 葫芦巴), Psoralea (Buguzhi, 补骨脂), Biota Seed (Baiziren, 柏子仁), Lindera (Wuyao, 乌药), Nanmu Vine.
Cool with Anemarrhena, Phellodendron (Huangbai, 黄柏), Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi, 牡丹皮).
Also: Ground Tortoise Bark (Digupi, 地骨皮), Scrophularia, Bamboo Juice (Zhuli, 竹沥).
Alas! Early sleep, late rise restores Yang Qi;
Winter three months, heaven/earth hide. Early sleep, late rise, wait for sun, avoid cold seek warmth, do not sweat skin. This is Nourishing Storage. Violate, injure Kidney. Four seasons Kidney disease patients should observe this to nourish slight Yang. All Kidney diseases due to indulgence, loss of will injuring Kidney, overusing elixirs. Hua Tuo said: Yang agents are rigid; Tian Gui exhausts, Ying/Wei dries.
Quiet sitting, solitary sleeping, eat horseradish greens, beans, meals.
Quiet sitting raises Kidney Water; solitary sleeping restricts sexual activity. Horseradish greens, okra, black beans are salty; yellow millet, chicken, peaches are acrid. Suitable for Kidney disease.
Bladder upper opening two cun half wide, holds nine sheng nine he urine; middle broad nine cun, weighs nine liang two zhu. No exit orifice, relies on Qi Sea for transformation, Fu named Jin Ye (Fluids);
Bladder receives water vacuously, Fu of Fluids. Has upper orifice, no lower orifice. Gets Qi Sea transformation, urine flows; Qi Sea insufficient, urine stops.
Reaches crown, governs ascending/descending news, official title Zhou Du.
Classic says: Official of Zhou Du, stores fluids.
Manifests on hair, connects Heart/Lung; verified on skin/bone, Zang belongs to Shu points of Kidney.
Kidney governs bone. Dense texture thick skin: Sanjiao/Bladder thick. Coarse texture thin skin: Sanjiao/Bladder thin. Loose pores: Sanjiao/Bladder lax. Tight skin no hair: Sanjiao/Bladder tight. Beautiful coarse hair: Sanjiao/Bladder straight. Sparse hair: Sanjiao/Bladder knotted.
Wind collision causes headache, vertigo, tearing, nausea, tendon/bone dysfunction; Qi stagnation causes neck pulling, back stiffness, waist breaking, sacrum pain, calf cramping.
Bladder meridian starts inner canthus, crosses vertex. Branch from vertex to ear apex. Straight line from vertex enters brain, exits neck, follows shoulder blade, flanks spine, covers waist, enters back muscles, connects Kidney, belongs to Bladder. Anterior branch from waist descends spine, pierces buttock, enters popliteal fossa. Lateral branch from shoulder descends, pierces spleen, flanks spine, passes shoulder pivot, follows lateral posterior thigh, meets popliteal fossa, descends calf, exits lateral malleolus, follows Jinggu (BL64) to lateral little toe. Hence symptoms.
Nausea: Bladder transmits pathogen to Small Intestine, hence aversion to food smell.
Heat knotting causes abdominal fullness and bladder blockage, severe mania;
Heat knotting lower jiao causes lower abdominal fullness, difficulty bending, bladder torsion/blockage, urinary retention, causing mania.
Cold causes excessive saliva and leukorrhea, severe dribbling.
Cold causes damp-phlegm overflowing upward as saliva, seeping downward as turbid discharge. Severe urinary dribbling or frequency. He Suhe said: Cold failure causes incontinence unaware.
Deficiency causes brain spinning, deafness, weak erection; Blood disease causes epistaxis, strangury, hemorrhoids, penile/scrotal swelling or blowing.
Penile/scrotal swelling due to damp-heat blood stasis. Children often from insects/ants, earth wind.
Warm with Bi Cheng Qie (毕澄茄 - *Galangal fruit*), Fennel (Huixiang, 茴香), Lindera; Cool with Rehmannia (Shengdi, 生地), Podocarpus (Fangji, 防己), Kochia ( Difuzi, 地肤子);
Also: Phellodendron, Saposhnikovia, Licorice Tip (Gancao Shao, 甘草梢), Fangkui (Fang Kui, 防葵).
Purge with Plantago (Qiancai, 车前), Shepherd's Purse (Qumai, 瞿麦), Talc (Huashi, 滑石).
Also: Mirabilite, Alisma, Daylily Root (Xuancaogen, 萱草根).
Tonify with Tangerine Seed (Juhe, 橘核),益智仁 (Yizhi, 益智), Acorus (Changpu, 菖蒲).
Also: Dragon Bone, Continuation (Xuduan, 续断), Scutellaria.
Alas! Monogamy thought true Autumn Stone;
People today don't know we have Autumn Stone within. Proverb: Exhaust true medicine take fake, buy Autumn Stone at crossroads.
Limit drink three cups to secure Weilu (Tailgate).
Alcohol/water liking settles in lower jiao as evil. Limit it, Weilu secures, no worry of leakage.
Mingmen resides right of Kidney, silk threads curve through between Bladder and Broad Intestine;
Mingmen is Right Kidney. "Resides" because Mingmen is not a proper Zang, Sanjiao not proper Fu. Mingmen thread curves down, connecting two Kidney systems, down to Weilu, attaching right of Broad Intestine. Passes between two yins, front joins Bladder lower orifice at urination site, path of Essence ejection. For females, Zi Hu Bao Men (Sub-house Womb Gate) also from right of Broad Intestine, joining Bladder lower orifice to receive conception. Hence Qi, Essence, Blood, Brain are true of Five Zang. Know Essence/Blood have origins.
Above is Pericardium, diaphragm membrane horizontally connects outside fat spread.