（东垣） 治烦劳内伤，身热心烦，头痛恶寒，懒言恶食，脉洪大而虚，气短而渴；或
阳虚自汗。（宜本汤加麻黄根浮小麦，升柴俱宜蜜水炒过。）或气虚不能举元，致疟痢脾虚，
久不能愈，一切清阳下陷，中气不足之证。
黄 （蜜炙钱半） 人参 甘草（炙一钱） 白术（土炒） 陈皮（留白） 当归（五
分） 升麻 柴胡（三分） 姜三片。枣二枚，〔东垣原方。黄 只有一钱，其余各三分。
立齐常用参 钱半，白术当归一钱，陈皮七分，升柴五分。如病甚者，参 或三钱五钱，随
证加用。（东垣取轻清上升，故数分少。立齐每以济危急，故随证加多）高鼓峰曰∶凡六经
内伤感证，及暑月劳倦发热，汗出不止者，但用本方加白芍一钱。痢疾腹痛已除，泻犹未止，
是脾气下陷也，加酒炒白芍三钱。疟疾发久，形体 羸，胃中有痰饮者，加半夏一钱。或内
有火热，可加黄芩一钱。凡妇女胎前气虚，以致胎动不安，小产崩漏，或产后血虚发热，但
加酒炒白芍二钱。此方凡属中宫虚损，病后失调，无不相宜。倪氏曰∶七情内伤，脾胃先病，
治先脾土，此方是也。如血不足加当归，精神短少加人参五味，肺热咳嗽去人参，干嗌加葛
根。（风药多燥，葛根独能止渴者，以其能升胃中清气，入肺而生水尔。）头痛加蔓荆子，痛
甚加川芎，脑痛加 本细辛。风湿相搏，一身尽痛，加羌活防风。有痰加半夏生姜，胃寒气
滞加青皮蔻仁木香益智。腹胀加枳实浓朴木香砂仁，腹痛加白芍甘草。热痛加黄连，能食而
心下痞加黄连。咽痛加桔梗，有寒加肉桂，湿胜加苍术。阴火加黄柏知母，阴虚去升柴，加
熟地山茱山药，大便秘加酒煨大黄。咳嗽，春加旋复款冬，夏加麦冬五味，秋加麻黄黄芩，
冬加麻黄。不去根节，天寒加干姜。泄泻去当归，加茯苓苍术益智。如冬月恶寒发热无汗，
脉浮而紧加麻黄，若脉浮而缓有汗加桂枝芍药。（东垣此方，原为感证中有内伤一种。故立
此方以补伤寒书之所未及，非补虚方也。今感证家多不敢用，而以为调理补虚服食之药，则
谬矣。调理补虚，乃通其意而转用之者尔。）
肺者气之本，黄 补肺固表为君。脾者肺之母，（土能生金，脾胃一虚，肺气先绝。）人
参甘
得甘温以益元气，而虚热自退，故亦谓之泻。）白术燥湿强脾，当归和血养阴为佐，（补阳宜
兼和阴。不然则已亢。）升麻以升阳明清气，（右升而复其本位。）柴胡以升少阳清气，（左旋
而上行。）阳升则万物生，清升则浊阴降。加陈皮者，以通利其气。（陈皮同补药则补，独用
则泻脾。）生姜辛温，大枣甘温，用以和营卫，开腠理，致津液。诸虚不足，先建其中。中
者何，脾胃是也。
加炒芩神曲，名益胃升阳汤。治妇人经水不调，或脱血后食少水泻。（东垣曰∶脱血益
气，古圣之法也，故先补胃以助生发之气。）去白术，加草蔻神曲半夏黄柏，名升阳顺气汤。
治饮食劳倦所伤，满闷短气，不思食，不知味，时恶寒。（东垣曰∶升麻柴胡，味薄性阳，
引脾胃清气行于阳道，以滋春气之和。又引参 甘草上行，充实腠理，使卫外为固。凡补脾
胃之药，多以升阳补气名之者此也。又曰∶但言补之以辛甘温热之剂，及味之薄者，诸风药
是也。此助春夏之升浮者也，此便是泻秋收冬藏之药也。在人之身，乃肝心也。但言泻之以
酸味寒凉之剂，并淡味渗泄之药，此助秋冬之沉降者也，此便是泻春生夏长之药也。在人之
身，肺肾是也。吴鹤皋曰∶升柴辛甘升其清，清升则阳气顺矣。柏皮苦寒降其浊，浊降则阴
气顺矣。参 当归甘草补其虚，虚补则正气顺矣。半夏陈皮利其膈，膈利则痰气顺矣，豆蔻
神曲消其食，食消则谷气顺矣。）加苍术倍分，半夏黄芩益智各三分，名参术益胃汤。治内
伤劳倦，燥热，短气，口渴无味，大便溏黄。除当归白术，加木香苍术，名调中益气汤。治
脾胃不调，胸满肢倦，食少短气，口不知味，及食入反出。加白芍五味，亦名调中益气汤。
（以上俱东垣方）治气虚多汗，余治同前。（本方纯用甘温，所谓劳者温之，损者温之。此
加白芍五味之酸，以收耗散之气。有发有收，此东垣别开一路，以广补中之妙者乎。）加羌
活防风细辛川芎，名调营养卫汤。（节庵）治劳力伤寒，头痛身热，恶寒微渴，汗出身痛，
脉浮无力。加白芍细辛川芎蔓荆，名顺气和中汤。（宝鉴）治清阳不升，头痛恶风，脉弦微
细。加黄柏生地，名补中益气加黄柏生地汤。治阴火乘阳，发热昼甚，自汗短气，口渴无味。
（李东垣）治疗因过度劳累导致的内伤，症状包括身体发热、心烦意乱、头痛、怕冷、懒言少语、厌恶进食、脉象洪大但按之空虚、气短且口渴；或者是阳气虚弱导致的自汗。（适宜在本方中加入麻黄根和浮小麦，升麻和柴胡均宜用蜜水炒制。）或者是气虚不能提升元气，导致疟疾、痢疾及脾虚，长久不能痊愈，以及一切清阳之气下陷、中气不足的病证。
黄芪（蜜炙一钱半） 人参 甘草（炙一钱） 白术（土炒） 陈皮（保留白色部分） 当归（五分） 升麻 柴胡（三分） 生姜三片，大枣二枚。（这是李东垣的原方。原方中黄芪只有一钱，其余各药均为三分。立齐常用的人参为一钱半，白术和当归各一钱，陈皮七分，升麻和柴胡各五分。如果病情严重，人参可用到三钱或五钱，根据证候加减使用。（李东垣取药性轻清上升之意，所以用量较少。立齐常用来救治危急重症，所以随证增加剂量。）高鼓峰说：凡是六经感受外邪的证候，以及暑天因劳倦发热的，出汗不止的，只用本方加白芍一钱。痢疾腹痛已经消除，但腹泻仍未停止，这是脾气下陷，加酒炒白芍三钱。疟疾发作日久，形体消瘦，胃中有痰饮的，加半夏一钱。或者体内有火热，可加黄芩一钱。凡是妇女怀孕前气虚，导致胎动不安、小产、崩漏，或者产后血虚发热，只需加酒炒白芍二钱。此方凡属于中焦脾胃虚损，病后调理不当，没有不适宜的。倪氏说：七情内伤，首先损伤脾胃，治疗先调补脾土，就是这个方子。如果血不足加当归，精神短少加人参和五味子，肺热咳嗽去掉人参，咽喉干燥加葛根。（风药大多燥烈，唯独葛根能止渴，是因为它能升提胃中的清气，入肺而生津液。）头痛加蔓荆子，痛得厉害加川芎，脑痛加藁本和细辛。风湿相搏，全身疼痛，加羌活和防风。有痰加半夏和生姜，胃寒气滞加青皮、豆蔻、木香和益智仁。腹胀加枳实、厚朴、木香和砂仁，腹痛加白芍和甘草。热痛加黄连，能吃但心下痞满加黄连。咽痛加桔梗，有寒加肉桂，湿气重加苍术。阴火加黄柏和知母，阴虚去掉升麻和柴胡，加熟地黄、山茱萸和山药，大便秘结加酒煨大黄。咳嗽，春季加旋覆花和款冬花，夏季加麦冬和五味子，秋季加麻黄和黄芩，冬季加麻黄。不去除根节，天冷加干姜。泄泻去掉当归，加茯苓、苍术和益智仁。如果是冬天恶寒发热无汗，脉浮而紧，加麻黄；如果脉浮而缓且有汗，加桂枝和白芍。（李东垣这个方子，原本是为了应对感证中属于内伤的一种情况。所以设立此方以补充伤寒论未涉及的内容，它不是单纯的补虚方。现在治疗外感病的医生多不敢使用，而把它当作调理补虚服食的药物，这就错了。调理补虚，是通晓其意旨而变通使用罢了。）
肺是气的根本，黄芪补肺固表作为君药。脾是肺的母亲，（土能生金，脾胃一旦虚弱，肺气首先衰竭。）人参味甘性温，能益元气，而虚热自然消退，所以也可以称之为“泻”（指泻虚热）。白术燥湿强脾，当归和血养阴作为佐药，（补阳应当兼以和阴。否则阳气会亢盛。）升麻升提阳明经的清气，（向右升进而恢复其本位。）柴胡升提少阳经的清气，（向左旋转而上行。）阳气上升则万物生长，清气上升则浊阴下降。加入陈皮，是为了通利气机。（陈皮同补药一起用则起补的作用，单独使用则泻脾。）生姜辛温，大枣甘温，用来调和营卫，开发腠理，促进津液生成。各种虚损不足，首先要建立中气。中气是什么？就是脾胃。
加入炒黄芩和神曲，名为益胃升阳汤。治疗妇女月经不调，或者失血后食欲少、水样腹泻。（李东垣说：失血后益气，是古代圣人的法则，所以先补胃以助发生之气。）去掉白术，加草豆蔻、神曲、半夏、黄柏，名为升阳顺气汤。治疗饮食和劳倦所伤，胸脘满闷、气短、不想吃东西、不知食物味道、时常怕冷。（李东垣说：升麻、柴胡，气味轻薄，性质属阳，引导脾胃清气运行于阳道，以滋长春季气候的和畅。又引导人参、甘草上行，充实腠理，使卫气在外固密。凡是补脾胃的药，多以升阳补气命名的，原因就在这里。又说：只说用辛甘温热的药剂来补，以及气味轻薄的药物，都是风药。这是助长春夏季节升浮之气的，这就是泻秋收冬藏之气的药。在人体身上，对应的是肝和心。只说用酸味寒凉的药剂，以及淡味渗泄的药物来泻，这是助长秋冬季节沉降之气的，这就是泻春生夏长之气的药。在人体身上，对应的是肺和肾。吴鹤皋说：升麻、柴胡辛甘，升提清气，清气升则阳气顺。黄柏苦寒，降泄浊气，浊气降则阴气顺。人参、当归、甘草补其虚，虚补则正气顺。半夏、陈皮利膈，膈利则痰气顺。豆蔻、神曲消食，食消则谷气顺。）加入苍术加倍分量，半夏、黄芩、益智仁各三分，名为参术益胃汤。治疗内伤劳倦，燥热，气短，口渴无味，大便溏黄。除去当归、白术，加木香、苍术，名为调中益气汤。治疗脾胃不调，胸满肢倦，食少气短，口不知味，以及食入反出。加入白芍、五味子，也叫调中益气汤。（以上都是李东垣的方子）治疗气虚多汗，其余治法同上。（本方纯用甘温药，所谓“劳者温之，损者温之”。这里加入白芍、五味子的酸味，以收敛耗散之气。有发散有收敛，这是李东垣另辟蹊径，以扩大补中益气的妙用吧？）加入羌活、防风、细辛、川芎，名为调营养卫汤。（节庵）治疗劳力后感冒伤寒，头痛身热，怕冷微渴，出汗后身痛，脉浮无力。加入白芍、细辛、川芎、蔓荆子，名为顺气和中汤。（宝鉴）治疗清阳不升，头痛恶风，脉弦微细。加入黄柏、生地，名为补中益气加黄柏生地汤。治疗阴火乘阳，白天发热加重，自汗气短，口渴无味。
(Li Dongyuan) Treats internal injury caused by overexertion, with symptoms such as fever (Fe Re), restlessness (Fan Xin), headache (Tou Tong), aversion to cold (E Han), reluctance to speak (Lan Yan), anorexia (E Shi), a large but empty pulse (Mai Hong Da Er Xu), shortness of breath (Qi Duan), and thirst (Ke); or spontaneous sweating (Zi Han) due to Yang deficiency. (It is appropriate to add Euphorbiae Humifusae Caulis (Mahuanggen, 麻黄根) and Triticum Levis Semen (Fuxiaomai, 浮小麦) to this formula; Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) should be stir-fried with honey water.) Or it treats conditions where Qi deficiency fails to raise the Yuan Qi, leading to malaria (Nie Ji), dysentery (Li Ji), and Spleen deficiency that persists for a long time without healing, as well as all syndromes of sinking of clear Yang (Qing Yang Xia Xian) and insufficiency of Middle Qi (Zhong Qi Bu Zu).
Huangqi (Astragali Radix, stir-fried with honey, 1.5 qian) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-fried, 1 qian) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried in soil) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, retaining the white pith) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 0.5 fen) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 0.3 fen) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 slices) Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 2 pieces). [This is Li Dongyuan's original formula. In the original, Huangqi was only 1 qian, and the other herbs were each 3 fen. Li Qi commonly used Renshen at 1.5 qian, Baizhu and Danggui at 1 qian each, Chenpi at 0.7 qian, and Shengma and Chaihu at 0.5 fen each. If the condition is severe, Renshen can be increased to 3 qian or 5 qian, added according to the syndrome. (Li Dongyuan chose light and clear ascending herbs, hence the small dosage. Li Qi often used it to rescue critical conditions, hence the increased dosage according to the syndrome.) Gao Gufeng said: For any six-meridian exogenous pathogenic syndromes, as well as fever due to fatigue during the summer months with incessant sweating, simply use this formula plus Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 1 qian). If abdominal pain from dysentery has ceased but diarrhea persists, this indicates Spleen Qi sinking; add Jiu Chao Baishao (Alcohol-stir-fried Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian). If malaria has persisted for a long time, the body is emaciated, and there is phlegm-fluid retention in the Stomach, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 1 qian). If there is internal fire-heat, add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 qian). For women with pre-pregnancy Qi deficiency leading to restless fetus, miscarriage, or metrorrhagia, or postpartum blood deficiency causing fever, simply add Jiu Chao Baishao (Alcohol-stir-fried Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian). This formula is suitable for all cases of Middle Palace (Zhong Gong) deficiency and improper regulation after illness. Ni Shi said: Internal injury from the seven emotions first damages the Spleen and Stomach; treating by first tonifying the Spleen Earth is exactly this formula. If Blood is insufficient, add Danggui; if spirit and energy are lacking, add Renshen and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus); if Lung heat causes cough, remove Renshen; if dry throat occurs, add Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix). (Wind-dispelling herbs are mostly drying; Gegen alone can quench thirst because it can ascend the clear Qi of the Stomach, enter the Lung, and generate fluids.) For headache, add Manjingzi (Vittadini's Vitex Fruit); for severe pain, add Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma); for brain pain, add Ben Cao (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix) and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma). For wind-dampness intermingling causing whole-body pain, add Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). For phlegm, add Banxia and Shengjiang; for Cold Qi stagnation in the Stomach, add Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Kou Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), and Yizhi Ren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus). For abdominal distension, add Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Muxiang, and Sharen (Amomi Fructus). For abdominal pain, add Baishao and Gancao. For hot pain, add Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma); for ability to eat but epigastric fullness/stuffiness, add Huanglian. For sore throat, add Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix); for Cold, add Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex); for excessive dampness, add Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma). For Yin Fire, add Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma); for Yin deficiency, remove Shengma and Chaihu, add Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), and Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma); for constipation, add Jiu Wei Dahuang (Wine-baked Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma). For cough, add Xuanfu (Inulae Flos) and Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos) in spring, Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) and Wuweizi in summer, Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and Huangqin in autumn, and Mahuang in winter. Do not remove root nodes; in cold weather, add Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). For diarrhea, remove Danggui, add Fuling (Poria), Cangzhu, and Yizhi Ren. If in winter there is aversion to cold, fever, and no sweating with a floating and tight pulse, add Mahuang; if the pulse is floating and slow with sweating, add Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix). (Li Dongyuan's formula was originally intended for internal injury within exogenous pathogenic syndromes. Thus, this formula supplements what the Shanghan Lun did not cover; it is not merely a deficiency-tonifying formula. Nowadays, practitioners of exogenous diseases dare not use it, regarding it only as a regulatory tonic food, which is erroneous. Regulatory tonification is merely applying its principles in a modified manner.)
The Lung is the root of Qi; Huangqi tonifies the Lung and consolidates the exterior as the Sovereign herb. The Spleen is the mother of the Lung (Earth generates Metal; when Spleen and Stomach are deficient, Lung Qi fails first). Renshen is sweet and warm, benefiting Original Qi, so that deficient heat naturally recedes; thus, it can also be called "draining" (referring to draining deficient heat). Baizhu dries dampness and strengthens the Spleen; Danggui harmonizes Blood and nourishes Yin as Assistant herbs (Tonifying Yang should concurrently harmonize Yin. Otherwise, Yang will become hyperactive). Shengma ascends the clear Qi of the Yangming meridian (ascending on the right to restore its proper position). Chaihu ascends the clear Qi of the Shaoyang meridian (rotating left and moving upward). When Yang ascends, all things grow; when clear Qi ascends, turbid Yin descends. Chenpi is added to facilitate the free flow of Qi (Chenpi acts as a tonic when combined with tonifying herbs, but drains the Spleen when used alone). Shengjiang is acrid and warm, Zao is sweet and warm; together they harmonize Ying and Wei, open the Cou Li (interstices), and promote the generation of Jin Ye (body fluids). For all kinds of deficiency and insufficiency, one must first establish the Middle. What is the Middle? It is the Spleen and Stomach.
Add stir-fried Huangqin and Shenqu, named Yiwei Shengyang Tang (Stomach-Benefiting and Yang-Raising Decoction). Treats irregular menstruation in women, or decreased appetite and watery diarrhea after hemorrhage. (Li Dongyuan said: Tonifying Qi after blood loss is the method of ancient sages; thus, one first tonifies the Stomach to assist the generating Qi.) Remove Baizhu, add Caokou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Shenqu, Banxia, and Huangbai, named Shengyang Shunqi Tang (Yang-Raising and Qi-Promoting Decoction). Treats injury from diet and overexertion, characterized by chest and epigastric fullness/distension, shortness of breath, anorexia, loss of taste, and occasional aversion to cold. (Li Dongyuan said: Shengma and Chaihu have thin flavors and Yang nature; they guide the clear Qi of the Spleen and Stomach into the Yang pathways, nourishing the harmony of Spring Qi. They also guide Renshen and Gancao upward, filling the Cou Li to make the Wei Qi solid externally. This is why most Spleen and Stomach tonifying formulas are named Yang-Raising and Qi-Benefiting. He also said: Only by speaking of using acrid-sweet-warm agents and thin-flavored herbs for tonification—these are wind herbs—that one assists the ascending and floating of Spring and Summer; this is essentially draining the harvesting and storing of Autumn and Winter. In the human body, these correspond to the Liver and Heart. Only by speaking of using sour-cold agents and bland-draining drugs for draining—that one assists the descending and sinking of Autumn and Winter; this is essentially draining the growing and lengthening of Spring and Summer. In the human body, these correspond to the Lung and Kidney.) Wu Hegao said: Shengma and Chaihu are acrid-sweet and ascend the clear; when clear ascends, Yang Qi becomes smooth. Huangbai is bitter-cold and descends the turbid; when turbid descends, Yin Qi becomes smooth. Renshen, Danggui, and Gancao tonify deficiency; when deficiency is tonified, Righteous Qi becomes smooth. Banxia and Chenpi benefit the Diaphragm; when the Diaphragm is benefited, Phlegm-Qi becomes smooth. Doukou and Shenqu digest food; when food is digested, Grain Qi becomes smooth. Add Cangzhu doubled, Banxia, Huangqin, and Yizhi Ren each at 0.3 fen, named Shenzhu Yiwei Tang (Ginseng-Atractylodes Stomach-Benefiting Decoction). Treats internal injury from overexertion, dryness-heat, shortness of breath, thirst, loss of taste, and loose yellow stools. Remove Danggui and Baizhu, add Muxiang and Cangzhu, named Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang (Regulating the Middle and Benefiting Qi Decoction). Treats Spleen-Stomach disharmony, chest fullness, limb fatigue, decreased appetite, shortness of breath, loss of taste, and regurgitation of food. Add Baishao and Wuweizi, also named Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang. (All above are Li Dongyuan's formulas) Treats Qi deficiency with profuse sweating; other treatments are the same as above. (This formula purely uses sweet-warm herbs, as stated: "For exhaustion, use warmth; for deficiency, use warmth." Here, the sourness of Baishao and Wuweizi is added to gather scattered Qi. Having both dispersing and gathering aspects, this is Li Dongyuan opening a new path to expand the wonder of tonifying the Middle?) Add Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Xixin, and Chuanxiong, named Tiaoying Yangwei Tang (Regulating Ying-Nourishing Wei Decoction). (Jie'an) Treats labor-induced Shanghan (Cold Damage), headache, fever, slight aversion to cold and thirst, sweating with body pain, and a floating but forceless pulse. Add Baishao, Xixin, Chuanxiong, and Manjingzi, named Shunqi Hezhong Tang (Promoting Qi and Harmonizing the Middle Decoction). (Baojian) Treats failure of clear Yang to ascend, headache with aversion to wind, and a string-tight, slightly fine pulse. Add Huangbai and Shengdi, named Buzhong Yiqi Jia Huangbai Shengdi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Benefit Qi Decoction plus Phellodendron and Rehmannia). Treats Yin Fire overwhelming Yang, fever worse during the day, spontaneous sweating, shortness of breath, thirst, and loss of taste.