《原病式》曰∶痹，不仁也。俗作闭；闭，壅也。火主肿胀，故热客上焦而咽嗌肿胀也
。张
乳蛾、双乳蛾、单闭喉、双闭喉、子舌胀、木舌胀、缠喉风、走马喉闭。热气上行，故传于
喉之两旁。近外肿作，以其形似，是谓乳蛾，一为单，二为双也。其比乳蛾差小者，名闭喉
。热结舌下，复生一小舌，名子舌胀。热结于舌中为之肿，名木舌胀。木者，强而不柔和也
。热结于咽喉，肿绕于外，且麻且痒，肿而大者，名曰缠喉风。暴发暴死者，名走马喉闭。
八名虽详，皆归之火。微者咸软之，大者下散之。至于走马喉闭，生死人在反掌间，砭刺出
血则病已。尝治一妇人木舌胀，其舌满口，令以 针锐而小者砭之，五七度，三日方平。计
所出血几盈斗。
喉痹急用吹药，刺宜少商、合谷、丰隆、涌泉、关冲。
《原病式》曰∶淋，小便涩痛也。热客膀胱，郁结不能渗泄故也。严氏曰∶气淋者，小
便涩
，常有余沥。石淋者，茎中痛，尿不得卒出。膏淋者，尿似膏出。劳淋者，劳倦即发痛引气
冲。血淋者，热即发，甚则溺血。以上五淋，皆用盐炒热，填满病患脐中，却用筋头大艾，
灸七壮，或灸三阴交即愈。
东垣曰∶五脏上注于目，而为之精，精之窠为眼。骨之精为黑眼，血之精为络其窠，气
之精为白眼，肌肉之精为约束。裹撷筋骨血气之精，而与脉并为系。目者，五脏六腑之精，荣卫
魂魄之所常营也，神之所主也。子和曰∶目之五轮，乃五脏六腑之精华，宗脉之所聚。其白
属肺金，肉属脾土，赤属心火，黑水神光属肾水，兼属肝木。目不因火则不病，白轮变赤，
火乘肺也；肉轮赤肿，火乘脾也；黑水神光被翳，火乘肝与肾也；赤脉贯目，火自甚也。凡
目暴赤肿起，羞明隐涩，泪出不止，暴寒目眶眶，大热之所为也。宜针神庭、上星、囟会、
前顶、百会，翳者可使立退，肿者可使立消，惟小几不可刺囟会，肉分浅薄，恐伤其骨。目
之内 ，太阳膀胱之所过，血多气少。目之锐 ，少阳胆经，血少气多。目之上网，太阳小
肠经也，亦血多气少。目之下网，阳明胃经也，血气俱多。然阳明经起于目两旁，交 中，
与太阳、少阳交会于目，惟足厥阴肝经，连于目系而已。故血太多者，太阳、阳明之实也；
血不及者，厥阴之虚也。故出血者，宜太阳、阳明，盖此二经，血多故也。少阳一经，不宜
出血，血少故也。刺太阳、阳明出血，则目愈明；刺少阳出血，则目愈昏。要知无使太过不
及，以血养目而已。雀目不能夜视，乃因暴怒大忧所致，皆肝血少，禁出血，止宜补肝养胃
刘氏曰∶内障有因于痰热、气郁、血热、阳陷、阴脱者所致。种种病因，古人皆不议，
况外
夫
墨调腻粉合成色，与翳同矣。如议治之，疾遂不作。
眼生倒睫拳毛者，两目紧急，皮缩之所致也。盖内伤热，阴气外行，当去其内热并邪火
。眼
目眶久赤烂，俗呼为赤瞎。当以三棱针刺目眶外，以泻湿热而愈。
偷针眼，视其背上有细红点如疮，以针刺破即瘥，实解太阳之郁热也。
《原病式》中说：痹，是指感觉迟钝或丧失。俗写作“闭”；闭，意为壅塞不通。火邪主司肿胀，所以热邪侵袭上焦会导致咽喉部肿胀。
张氏列举了乳蛾、双乳蛾、单闭喉、双闭喉、子舌胀、木舌胀、缠喉风、走马喉闭这八种病症。热气上行，因此传导至喉咙两侧。靠近外部肿胀，因其形状相似，称为乳蛾，单个出现的叫单乳蛾，两个都有的叫双乳蛾。比乳蛾稍小的，称为闭喉。热邪结聚在舌下，又生出一个小舌头，称为子舌胀。热邪结聚在舌中导致肿胀，称为木舌胀。“木”的意思是僵硬而不柔和。热邪结聚于咽喉，肿胀环绕外部，且伴有麻木和瘙痒，肿胀较大的，称为缠喉风。突然发作并迅速死亡的，称为走马喉闭。虽然名称有八个，但都归属于火邪。轻微的用咸味药物软化它，严重的用泻下法消散它。至于走马喉闭，生死只在转掌之间，用砭石刺破出血则病愈。我曾治疗一位患木舌胀的妇人，她的舌头充满口腔，我用尖锐细小的针进行砭刺，操作五到七次，三天后才平复。计算所出的血几乎满斗。
喉痹急症应使用吹药，针刺宜选少商、合谷、丰隆、涌泉、关冲穴。
《原病式》中说：淋，指小便涩滞疼痛。这是热邪客居膀胱，郁结不能渗泄的缘故。严氏说：气淋，小便涩滞，常有残余尿液滴沥不尽。石淋，尿道疼痛，尿液不能突然排出。膏淋，尿液像膏脂一样流出。劳淋，劳累疲倦时即发作疼痛，牵引至气冲部位。血淋，受热即发作，严重时出现尿血。以上五种淋证，都用盐炒热后填满患者肚脐，然后用粗如筋头大的艾炷，灸七壮，或者灸三阴交穴即可痊愈。
李东垣说：五脏的精气上注于目，形成眼的精气。精气的聚集处就是眼睛。骨的精气表现为黑眼（瞳孔），血的精气表现为络脉及其聚集处，气的精气表现为白眼（白睛），肌肉的精气表现为眼睑约束。包裹摄取筋骨血气的精气，与脉络合并成为目系。眼睛，是五脏六腑精气的汇聚，营卫魂魄经常滋养的地方，也是神志主宰所在。子和说：眼睛的五轮，是五脏六腑精华的汇聚，也是宗脉聚集之处。白色部分属肺金，肉轮属脾土，红色部分属心火，黑水神光属肾水，同时也属于肝木。眼睛不因火邪就不会生病。白轮变红，是火邪侵犯肺脏；肉轮红肿，是火邪侵犯脾脏；黑水神光被遮蔽，是火邪侵犯肝脏和肾脏；赤色血脉贯穿眼球，是火邪自身过盛。凡是眼睛突然红肿突起，畏光隐涩，流泪不止，突然受寒眼眶凹陷，都是大热邪所致。适宜针刺神庭、上星、囟会、前顶、百会穴，若有翳膜可使立即消退，若有肿胀可使立即消除，只是小儿不可针刺囟会穴，因为此处肌肉浅薄，恐怕损伤骨骼。眼睛的内眦，是足太阳膀胱经经过的地方，血多气少。眼睛的外眦，是足少阳胆经经过的地方，血少气多。眼睛的上睑，是手太阳小肠经经过的地方，也是血多气少。眼睛的下睑，是足阳明胃经经过的地方，气血都多。然而足阳明经起于眼睛两旁，在鼻翼旁交汇，与太阳经、少阳经在眼部交会，只有足厥阴肝经连接于目系而已。所以血太盛的，是太阳、阳明经的实证；血不足的，是厥阴经的虚证。所以放血疗法，适宜用于太阳、阳明经，因为这两条经血多。少阳一经，不宜放血，因为血少。针刺太阳、阳明经放血，眼睛会更明亮；针刺少阳经放血，眼睛会更昏暗。要知道不要使放血太过或不及，只要以血滋养眼睛罢了。雀目（夜盲症）不能在夜间视物，是因为暴怒和大忧所致，都是肝血不足，禁止放血，只适宜补肝养胃。
刘氏说：内障有因痰热、气郁、血热、阳气下陷、阴液脱失等原因导致的。各种病因，古人都不讨论，何况外障？墨调和腻粉合成颜色，与翳膜相同。如果按照此法治疗，疾病就不会发作。
眼睛长出倒睫拳毛的，是由于两眼紧急，眼皮收缩所致。这是因为内伤热邪，阴气外行，应当去除内热及邪火。
The *Yuan Bing Shi* states: Bi (obstruction) refers to numbness or loss of sensation. It is commonly written as "Bi" (closure); closure means obstruction and stagnation. Fire pathogenic factors govern swelling; therefore, when heat pathogens invade the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), it causes swelling in the pharynx and throat.
Zhang listed eight conditions: Ru E (Gooseberry Throat), Double Ru E, Single Bi Hou (Closed Throat), Double Bi Hou, Zi She Zhang (Child Tongue Swelling), Mu She Zhang (Wooden Tongue Swelling), Chan Hou Feng (Entangling Throat Wind), and Zou Ma Hou Bi (Running Horse Throat Closure). Heat qi ascends, thus transmitting to both sides of the throat. Swelling occurs near the exterior; due to its shape resembling a gooseberry, it is called Ru E. When occurring singly, it is Single Ru E; when occurring bilaterally, it is Double Ru E. Those slightly smaller than Ru E are named Bi Hou. Heat pathogens knot below the tongue, generating a small additional tongue, named Zi She Zhang. Heat pathogens knot within the tongue causing swelling, named Mu She Zhang. "Mu" (wood) implies stiffness and lack of flexibility. Heat pathogens knot in the throat, swelling surrounds the exterior, accompanied by numbness and itching, with significant swelling, named Chan Hou Feng. Conditions that erupt suddenly and lead to rapid death are named Zou Ma Hou Bi. Although there are eight names, all return to Fire pathogenic factors. Mild cases are softened with salty substances; severe cases are dispersed downward via purgation. Regarding Zou Ma Hou Bi, life and death hang in the balance of turning a palm; pricking with a Bian stone (stone lancet) to release blood cures the disease. I once treated a woman suffering from Mu She Zhang; her tongue filled her mouth. I used a sharp, small needle for pricking therapy, performing it five to seven times, and it subsided after three days. The amount of blood released was nearly a full dou (a unit of volume).
For acute Hou Bi (Throat Obstruction), blowing medicines should be used urgently. Acupuncture points suitable include Shaoshang (LU-11), Hegu (LI-4), Fenglong (ST-40), Yongquan (KI-1), and Guanchong (SJ-1).
The *Yuan Bing Shi* states: Lin (Strangury) refers to painful and difficult urination with a gritty sensation. This is because heat pathogens reside in the Bladder, causing stagnation and inability to permeate and excrete. Yan states: Qi Lin (Qi Strangury) involves difficult urination with constant residual dripping. Shi Lin (Stone Strangury) involves pain in the urethra and inability to void urine abruptly. Gao Lin (Paste Strangury) involves urine flowing out like paste. Lao Lin (Labor Strangury) involves pain radiating to the Qichong point upon fatigue and overexertion. Xue Lin (Blood Strangury) erupts upon exposure to heat, and in severe cases, results in hematuria. For the above five types of Lin, salt is stir-fried until hot, filled into the patient's umbilicus, and then moxa cones as thick as sinews are applied for seven moxibustion sessions (Zhuang), or moxibustion on Sanyinjiao (SP-6) can cure it.
Li Dongyuan states: The essence of the Five Zang Organs flows upward into the eyes, forming the eye's essence. The gathering place of this essence is the eye. The essence of Bone manifests as the Black Eye (pupil); the essence of Blood manifests as the collaterals and their gathering places; the essence of Qi manifests as the White Eye (sclera); the essence of Muscle manifests as the constraints (eyelids). These wrap and gather the essence of tendons, bones, blood, and Qi, merging with the meridians to form the Eye System (Muyu). The eyes are the gathering place of the essence of the Five Zang and Six Fu Organs, where Ying and Wei Qi, Hun and Po spirits constantly nourish, and where Shen (Spirit) presides. Hezi states: The Five Wheels of the eye are the essence of the Five Zang and Six Fu Organs and the gathering place of the Major Meridians. The white part belongs to Lung Metal; the flesh wheel belongs to Spleen Earth; the red part belongs to Heart Fire; the Black Water and Divine Light belong to Kidney Water, and also to Liver Wood. The eyes do not become diseased without Fire. If the White Wheel turns red, Fire has invaded the Lung; if the Flesh Wheel is red and swollen, Fire has invaded the Spleen; if the Black Water and Divine Light are obscured, Fire has invaded the Liver and Kidney; if red vessels traverse the eye, Fire is excessively strong internally. Whenever the eyes suddenly become red and swollen, sensitive to light, feeling gritty, and tearing uncontrollably, or sunken eye sockets due to sudden cold, these are caused by intense Heat. Suitable acupuncture points include Shenting (GV-24), Shangxing (GV-23), Xinhui (GV-22), Qian Ding (GV-20), and Baihui (GV-20). Obstructions (Yi) can be cleared immediately; swelling can be eliminated immediately. However, infants should not have Xinhui needled, as the tissue is thin and bone injury is feared. The inner canthus is traversed by the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, where blood is abundant and Qi is scarce. The outer canthus is traversed by the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian, where blood is scarce and Qi is abundant. The upper eyelid is traversed by the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian, also with abundant blood and scarce Qi. The lower eyelid is traversed by the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, where both blood and Qi are abundant. However, the Foot-Yangming Meridian originates at the sides of the eyes, intersects at Yingxiang (LI-20), and converges with the Taiyang and Shaoyang meridians at the eye. Only the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian connects to the Eye System. Therefore, excessive blood indicates excess patterns in the Taiyang and Yangming meridians; insufficient blood indicates deficiency in the Jueyin meridian. Thus, bloodletting is suitable for the Taiyang and Yangming meridians because they have abundant blood. The Shaoyang meridian alone is unsuitable for bloodletting because its blood is scarce. Needling the Taiyang and Yangming meridians to bleed makes the vision clearer; needling the Shaoyang meridian to bleed makes the vision dimmer. One must know not to let bleeding be excessive or insufficient, merely using blood to nourish the eyes. Que Mu (Bird Eye/Night Blindness), the inability to see at night, is caused by sudden anger and great sorrow, resulting in deficient Liver Blood. Bloodletting is contraindicated; only tonifying the Liver and Stomach is appropriate.
Liu states: Internal obstructions (Nei Zhang) can be caused by Phlegm-Heat, Qi Stagnation, Blood Heat, sinking of Yang Qi, or depletion of Yin fluids. Ancient physicians did not discuss various causes, let alone external obstructions. Ink mixed with Nifen (calamine/lead carbonate) creates a color similar to opacities. If treated according to this [misunderstanding], the disease would not arise.
Inverted eyelashes and curled hairs occur due to tension in the eyes and contraction of the skin. This is caused by internal Heat injury and outward movement of Yin Qi; one should remove the internal Heat and Evil Fire.
Long-term redness and ulceration of the eye orbits, commonly called Chi Xia (Red Blindness), should be treated by pricking the exterior of the orbit with a Three-edged Needle to drain Damp-Heat and achieve recovery.
Tou Zhen Yan (Stye/Monk's Mustard Seed), characterized by fine red spots like sores on the back, heals when pricked with a needle. This actually resolves the stagnant Heat of the Taiyang meridian.